In this record of his continuing research on what in 1910 Kraepelin called Alzheimersche Krankheit (Alzheimer's disease) Alzheimer provided detailed history, clinical signs, symptoms descriptions, pathologic and histologic descriptions with numerous illustrations of his first and second patients, Auguste D. and Johann F.  He described and illustrated the three key diagnostic points for Alheimer's disease. On p. 364, fig.1 he described "die Plaques," later called amyloid beta plaques. On pp. 380-81 he illustrated the microscopic intracellular manifestation of what he called "Eigentumliche Fibrillenveranderung der Ganglienzellen," later called intracellular neuronal tau fibrillary tangles. He also described the first time what was later called cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), illustrating this on Tafel V, figs.1 and 2, and with a chromolithographed plate.  See M. Graeber, S. Kösel et al,  "Rediscovery of the case described by Alois Alzheimer in 1911: Historical, histological and molecular genetic analysis," Neurogenetics, 1 (1997) 73-80.
Digital facsimile from biusante.parisdescartes.fr at this link.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)