Alphita, farina ordei idem, an anonymous collection of glosses, documents the linguistic renewal of the medical and botanical technical lexicon, derived from Greco-Latin as well as Arabic sources, at the School of Salerno from the 11th to the 12th centuries. This is the first critical edition of the glossary, accompanied by a thorough analysis its origins, period of composition, major sources, different versions, textual transmission, and an identification and comment on each entry in the glossary.