The first "scientific" paper on homosexuality. In this paper the psychiatrist Westphal described two cases at length: "The first was of a young woman who from her earliest years liked to dress as a boy and engage in boys' games and who found herself attracted only to women; the second was of a man who wanted to wear women's clothes and act the part of a woman. In attempting to give a diagnostic category to these cases Westphal coined the phrase Konträre Sexualempfindung, usually translated as 'contrary sexual feeling' " (Bullough, Science in the bedroom: A history of sex research [1994] 38).

First description of agoraphobia

Westphal discovered the diagnostic value of the knee-jerk simultaneously with Erb.

“Westphal’s pseudosclerosis”. Later Strümpell’s description of this condition (No. 4709) led to the eponym “Westphal–Strumpell disease”.

“Westphal’s nucleus” – for accommodation – in the third cranial nerve. Called also “Edinger’s nucleus” (see the same journal, 1885, 16, 858-89).

Westphal was Professor of Psychiatry at Berlin; at this time was common for physicians to practice both psychiatry and neurology. Vol. 1: psychiatry; Vol. 2: neurology.