An Interactive Annotated World Bibliography of Printed and Digital Works in the History of Medicine and the Life Sciences from Circa 2000 BCE to 2024 by Fielding H. Garrison (1870-1935), Leslie T. Morton (1907-2004), and Jeremy M. Norman (1945- ) Traditionally Known as “Garrison-Morton”

16061 entries, 14144 authors and 1947 subjects. Updated: December 10, 2024

FRAZER, Ian Hector

1 entries
  • 12665

Papillomavirus vaccines. US Patent US7476389B1.

Washington, DC: U.S. Patent Office, 2009.

Frazer and Zhou invented and patented the first Papillomavirus vaccine. In 2020 it was marketed  as Gardasil and Cervarix. Developed beginning in 1991, about 20 years after Blumberg and Millman's vaccine against viral hepatitis (1972), this was the second cancer preventing vaccine, and the first vaccine designed to prevent a cancer.

The U.S. application was filed on 19 January 1994, but claimed priority under a 20 July 1992 PCT filing to the date of an initial [AU] Australian patent application filed on 19 July 1991. Patent was granted on 13 January 2009.

"Abstract: A method of providing papilloma virus like particles which may be used for diagnostic purposes or for incorporation in a vaccine for use in related to infections caused by papilloma virus. The method includes an initial step of constructing one or more recombinant DNA molecules which each encode papilloma virus L1 protein or a combination of papilloma virus L1 protein and papilloma virus L2 protein followed by a further step of transfecting a suitable host cell with one or more of the recombinant DNA molecules so that virus like particles (VLPs) are produced within the cell after expression of the L1 or the combination of L1 and L2 proteins. The VLPs are also claimed per se as well as vaccines incorporating the VLPs.

"FIELD OF INVENTION: "THIS INVENTION relates to papillomavirus and in particular antigens and vaccines that may be effective in treatment of infections caused by such viruses.
"BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:  "Papillomavirus infections are known not only in humans but also in animals such as sheep, dogs, cattle, coyotes, wolves, possums, deer, antelope, beaver, turtles, bears, lizards, monkeys, chimpanzees, giraffes, impala, elephants, whales, cats, pigs, gerbils, elks, yaks, dolphins, parrots, goats, rhinoceros, camels, lemmings, chamois, skunks, Tasmanian devils, badgers, lemurs, caribou, armadillo, newts and snakes (see for example, “Papillomavirus Infections in Animals” by J P Sundberg which is described in Papillomavirus and Human Disease, edited by K Syrjanen, L Gissman and L G Koss, Springer Verlag 1987)."

"It is also known (eg. In Papillomavirus and Human Cancer edited by H Pfister and published by CRC Press Inc 1990) that papillomavirus are included in several distinct groups such as human Papillomavirus (HPV) which are differentiated into types 1-56 depending upon DNA sequence homology. A clinicopathological grouping of HPV and the malignant potential of the lesions with which they are most frequently associated may be separated as follows...."

Full text and images of the patent is available from patents.google.com at this link.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY › Immunization, IMMUNOLOGY › Vaccines, LAW and Medicine & the Life Sciences › Patents, ONCOLOGY & CANCER, VIROLOGY › VIRUSES (by Family) › Papillomaviridae, VIROLOGY › VIRUSES (by Family) › Papillomaviridae › Human Papillomavirus (HPV)