Pavlov's classic study of the physiology of digestion. Especially notable was his method of producing gastric and pancreatic fistulae for the purpose of his experiments. The second published edition was a German translation by A. Walther, Wiesbaden, J.F. Bergmann, 1898. The work was translated into English in 1902, with a second edition appearing in 1910. A translation of Pavlov’s description of the stomach pouch devised by him is in J. F. Fulton’s Selected readings in the history of physiology, 2nd ed., 1966, pp. 192-93.

In 1904 Pavlov was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "in recognition of his work on the physiology of digestion, through which knowledge on vital aspects of the subject has been transformed and enlarged."

Besides his work on digestion, Pavlov is remembered for his investigations upon conditioned reflexes. An English translation of another work by Pavlov, entitled Conditioned reflexes, appeared in 1927.