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Browse across eight MeSH (opens in new tab) facets — era, geography, science, specialty, technology, history, culture, and reference. Select one tag per group; counts update across the others. What’s new in facet browse how facets relate to subjects and MeSH.
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924 entries match Physiology & Embryology [G07 / G02.149]
1861
#14188
Stammering and stuttering, their nature and treatment.
1862
#814
Ueber Reflexionen von und zum Herzen (Klopfversuch).
Rapidly-repeated blows on the belly of a frog caused cessation of the heart-beat, which Goltz concluded was brought about by reflex inhibition through the vagus, an important contribution to the knowledge of the mecha…
1862
#4973
Mécanisme de la physionomie humaine, ou analyse électro-physiologique de l’expression des passions applicable à la pratique des arts plastiques. Premier fascicule. [All published]. 1 volume of text plus atlas of photographs by Duchenne.
Duchenne studied the mechanism of facial expression during emotion; his atlas of photographs was the first medical book illustrated with photographs of living subjects. Darwin reproduced a number of his photographs in…
1863
#815
Untersuchungen über die Innervation des Herzens
Discovery of the accelerator or excitatory nerve fibres of the heart (pp. 191-232), “Bezold’s ganglia”.
1863
#816
Appareils et expériences cardiographiques.
First direct records of the heart impulse by means of a “cardiac sound” and the sphygmograph – recording tambours, which wrote on a moving drum covered with smoked paper.
1863
#488
Observationes nonnulae de ovorum ranarum segmentatione, quae “Furchungsprocess” dicitur.
Best contemporary description of the segmentation furrowing of the egg.
1863
#1362
Physiologische Studien über die Hemmungsmechanischen für die Reflexthätigkeit des Rückenmarks im Gehirn des Frosches.
Sechenov discovered the cerebral inhibition of spinal reflexes. He was Professor of Physiology at St. Petersburg and Moscow, and the “father of Russian physiology”.
1863
#1223
Untersuchungen über die Erection des Penis beim Hunde.
Important studies of the erector mechanism.
1863
#11690
Physiologie médicale de la circulation du sang basée sur l'étude graphique des mouvements du coeur et du pouls artériel avec application aux maladies du l'appareil circulatoire.
Marey first recorded atrial fibrillation in this work work in which he used pulse tracings to establish the interelationship of heart rate and blood pressure. The work also includes the first detailed description of t…
1864
#623
Untersuchungen über elektrische Nervenreizung.
Among the instruments introduced by Fick for the study of muscle and nerve physiology were the myotonograph, the cosine lever, and an improved thermopile.
1864
#4620
Loss of speech: its association with valvular disease of the heart, and with hemiplegia on the right side. Defects of smell. Defects of speech in chorea. Arterial regions in epilepsy.
Jackson studied aphasia for 30 years. He emphasized its psychological aspects and laid the foundation for present knowledge of the condition, but he was ahead of his time and the value of his work was not recognized f…
1865 –1866
#817
Ueber mechanische Vagus-Reizung beim Menschen.
“Czermak’s vagus pressure”. Czermak found that mechanical pressure on a spot of the carotid triangle in the neck produced lowering of the heart rate.
1865
#818
Ueber periodische Thätigkeits-Aeusserungen des vasomotorischen und Hemmungs-Nervencentrums.
First description of the rhythmic variations in tone of the vasoconstrictor center (Traube-Hering waves).
1865
#489
Beobachtungen über den Bau des Säugethier-Eierstockes.
.
1865
#490
Die Häute und Höhlen des Körpers.
A new classification of tissues based on histogenesis.
1865
#778
Die physiologischen Leistungen des Blutdrucks.
Ludwig’s inaugural address at Leipzig, in which he introduced the idea of keeping alive excised portions of organs by means of artificial circulation, or perfusion. He suggested that the blood-pressure had a stimulati…
1865
#6938
Catalogue de la superbe bibliothèque d'ethnographie, de zoologie, d'anatomie comparée, etc....
The auction catalogue of Vrolik's library, sold two years after his death, organized by subject. Prefaced by an essay about Vrolik's life and work by J. van der Hoeven, and a chronological list of Vrolik's publication…
1865
#12357
History of the discoveries of the circulation of the blood, of the ganglia and nerves, and of the action of the heart.
Lee, an obstetrician, published one of the earliest studies of the history of the circulation of the blood in English. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1866 –1868
#336
On the anatomy and physiology of the vertebrates. 3 vols.
Vol. 1. Fishes and reptiles; Vol. 2. Birds; Vol. 3. Mammals. The most important work on the subject after Cuvier, based entirely on personal observations. Owen entitled his 40th and concluding chapter "Derivative hypo…
1866
#223
Generelle Morphologie der Organismen. 2 vols.
Haeckel accepted the general principles of Darwinism, disagreeing on some points. He was the first to promote Darwin’s theories in Germany. This work contains the first statement of his theory that “ontogeny recapitul…
1866
#6057
Clinical notes on uterine surgery, with reference to the management of the sterile condition.
A revolutionary and controversial work, written in Paris while Sims was in voluntary exile because of the U.S. Civil War, and first serialized in Lancet 2 (1864) and 1 (1865). Includes, pp. 16-18, the description of S…
1866
#4621.1
Aphasie, aphémie, alalie.
Includes a history of aphasia.
1866
#12358
Recopilación histórico-bibliográfica de la circulación de la sangre en el hombre y los animales.
Digital facsimile from bdh-rd.bne.es at this link.
1867
#819
Die Reflexe eines der sensiblen Nerven des Herzens auf die motorischen der Blutgefässe.
Discovery of the vasomotor reflexes.
1867
#624
Physiologie des mouvements demontrée à l’aide de l’expérimentation électrique et de l’observation clinique, et applicable à l’étude des paralysies et des déformations.
A monumental work, the result of twenty years’ study of electro-muscular stimulation “to determine the proper action which the muscles possess in life”. The book contains an excellent record of the kinesiology of the …
1868
#941
Die Selbststeuerung der Athmung durch den Nervus vagus.
1868
#819.1
Über den zeitlichen Verlauf der negativen Schwankung des Nervenstroms.
Bernstein introduced the differential rheotome, and the first electrocardiograms were obtained with it by Marchand in 1877 (No. 823.1).
1868
#779
Die Ausmessung der strömenden Blutvolumina.
Invention of the Stromuhr, for measurement of the velocity of the blood. Dogiel was a pupil of Ludwig.
1869
#4622
On the various forms of loss of speech in cerebral disease.
Bastian’s first important paper on aphasia. His axiom “We think in words” explains his whole work on the subject. See also his later paper on pp. 470-92 of the same volume.
1869
#1404
Researches on the physiology of the cerebellum.
Mitchell, leading American neurologist of his time, performed over 350 experiments upon the cerebellum. He emphasized its co-ordinating function, first postulated by Flourens, and he proposed his “augmentor” theory of…
1870
#820
Ueber die Messung des Blutquantums in den Herzventrikeln.
Fick principle for the calculation of cardiac output based on measuring the minute volume of oxygen consumption and the arteriovenous oxygen difference. Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.
1870
#492
Eierstock und Ei.
Waldeyer discovered the germinal epithelium.
1870
#1405
Ueber die elektrische Erregbarkeit des Grosshirns.
These workers showed that electrical stimulation of the frontal cortex in various experimental animals caused movements of the extremities of the opposite side of the body, thus proving the existence of a motor area i…
1870
#1467
De physiologie der spraakklanken.
Donders’s most important work was performed in the field of ophthalmology, but he wrote a classic treatise on the physiology of speech. Also published in Onderzoekingen gedaan in het Physiologisch Laboratoriumder Utre…
1871
#821
Untersuchungen über einige Giftwirkungen am Froschherzen.
First investigation of the effect of poisons on the frog’s heart. In some cases Schmiedeberg found that stimulation of the vagus after administration of poisons produced acceleration of the heart rate.
1871
#626
On the physiological effects of severe and protracted muscular exercise; with special reference to the influence of exercise upon the excretion of nitrogen.
Flint made investigations on the nitrogen output of a long-distance walker, before, during, and after the latter’s attempt to walk 400 miles in five days. The useful data in this paper are often referred to in discuss…
1871
#10483
Physical effects of compressed air, and of the causes of pathological symptoms produced on man, by increased atmospheric pressure employed for the sinking of piers, in the construction of the Illinois and St. Louis Bridge over the Mississippi River at St. Louis, Missouri.
Study of caisson disease and its treatement resulting from experience in treating workmen constructing the Eads Bridge, which opened in 1874. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
1871 –1878
#11715
Gesammelte Beiträge zur Pathologie und Physiologie. 3 vols.
Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1872
#822
Ueber die Eigenthümlichkeiten der Reizbarkeit, welche die Muskelfasern des Herzens zeigen.
Bowditch was the first to research the relationship between the strength of the heart beat and the interval between beats. He established the “all-or-nothing” principle of heart muscle contraction. He founded, at Harv…
1872
#4543
De l’électrisation localisée et de son application à la pathologie et à la thérapeutique. 3me. éd.
Early description, page 357, of partial brachial plexus paralysis, upper type (“Duchenne-Erb palsy”: see No. 4548). An English translation of the 3rd ed., by H. Tibbitts, actually appeared London in 1871, one year bef…
1872
#12225
Der Mechanismus der halbmondformigen Herzklappen.
Using an excised pig heart preparation with tubes, a manometer, and a visualizing apparatus, Ceradini working in Carl Ludwig’s laboratory, illustrated the mechanism of closure of the semilunar valves. He was the first …
1873
#10482
The effects of high atmospheric pressure, including the caisson disease.
Classic study of caisson disease. Smith was "Late Surgeon to the New York Bridge Co. (Caisson Work)", treating workmen who built the Brooklyn Bridge. The Eads Bridge (St. Louis) and the Brooklyn Bridge (New York City)…
1873
#12261
Eine periodische Function des isolirten Froschherzen.
"Using an isolated frog heart preparation with ligatures around the atria, Luigi Luciani, an Italian physiologist working in 1873 in Carl Ludwig’s famous laboratory in Leipzig, was the first to demonstrate cardiac gro…
1874
#823
Beiträge zur Theorie der Herz-und Arterientöne.
1874
#4623
Der aphasische Symptomencomplex.
Sensory aphasia (“Wernicke’s aphasia”). Wernicke did important work on the localization of aphasia; he included in his book accounts of alexia and agraphia. English translation in Boston Studies in the Philosophy of S…
1874
#493
Anthropogenie oder Entwicklungsgeschichte des Menschen.
1874
#494
Unsere Körperform und das physiologische Problem ihrer Entstehung.
In this work His compared the various layers and organs of the embryo to a series of elastic tubes and plates. He thought that the local inequalities of growth and the differences in the consistency of the tissues mig…
1874
#1406.1
Investigations into the functions of the human brain.
Bartholow confirmed in man the findings of Fritsch and Hitzig (No. 1405) that electrical stimulus of the cortex on one side stimulated muscles on the other side of the body.
1875
#943.1
Influence de la pression de l’air sur la vie de l’homme. Climats d'altitude et climats du montagne. 2 vols.
Jourdanet’s observational work in remote areas of Latin America and Asia produced important evidence for Bert’s proof that altitude sickness is due to anoxemia. In La pression barométrique (No. 944) Bert described how…
1875
#629
Ueber die summation elektrischer Hautreize.
Stirling, a pupil of Ludwig, became a great teacher of physiology. His paper on the summation of electrical stimuli to the skin was a prize thesis.