Europe
6,838 entries published in Europe.
1661
#145.5
Fumifugium: or the inconveniencie of the aer and smoak of London dissipated. Together with some remedies humbly proposed.
A pioneering attack on air pollution caused by “the hellish and dismall cloud of sea-coal” which perpetually enveloped London. Of course, the problems Evelyn wrote about did not go away, and the work continued to be r…
1661
#9671
Thanasima, kai dēlētēria: Tractatus de venenis. Or, a treatise of poysons. Their sundry sorts, names, natures and virtues, with their severall symptomes, signes diagnosticks, prognosticks, and antidotes. Wherein, are divers necessary questions discussed; the truth by the most learned, confirmed, by many instances, examples & stories illustrated; and, both philosophically and medically handled.
1662
#574
De homine figuris et latinitate donatus a Florentio Schuyl.
Descartes considered the human body a material machine, directed by a rational soul located in the pineal body. This book was the first attempt to cover the whole field of “animal physiology”. The work is really a phy…
1662
#666
A defence of the doctrine touching the spring and weight of the air.
Boyle’s law. The above pamphlet was appended to the second edition of Boyle’s The spring and weight of the air, 1662. The relevant passage is reproduced inj. F. Fulton’s Selected readings in the history of physiology,…
1662
#1543
Observationes anatomicae, quibus varia oris, oculorum & narium vas describuntur novique salivae, lacrymarum & muci fontes deteguntur.
Includes the first account of the excretory duct of the parotid gland (“Stensen’s duct”), discovered by Stensen. He first reported his discovery in a letter to his teacher, Thomas Bartholin, dated April, 22, 1661. Ste…
1662
#1229
Exercitatio anatomica de structura et usu renum.
Classic description of the gross anatomy of the kidney. Bellini discovered the renal excretory ducts (“Bellini’s ducts”) and advanced a physical theory of the secretion of the urine. A translation of an extract from t…
1662
#1686
Natural and political observations mentioned in a following index, and made upon the Bills of Mortality.
The first book on vital statistics. Graunt, a draper, studied the Bills of Mortality, which began as weekly lists of deaths and their causes, compiled by parish clerks. They gained much in importance after Graunt’s wo…
1662 –1669
#291
Metamorphosis naturalis, ofte historische beschryvinghe.... 3 vols.
Engraved frontispieces in Latin; text in Dutch. None of the volumes is dated. An edition in Latin, also undated, was issued by the same publisher in 3 vols. during the same years with the following title: Metamorphosi…
1662
#7690
Cista medica Hafniensis: variis consiliis, curationibus, casibus rarioribus, Vitis medicorum Hafniensium, aliisq; ad rem medicam, anatomicam, botanicam & chymicam spectantibus referta. Accedit eiusdem Domus anatomica brevissime descripta.
Histories of famous physicians in Copenhagen along with the description of the building designed for the teaching of anatomy there, designated the "Anatomy House". Bartholin's Domus anatomica brevissime descripta was …
1662
#11882
Doxoscopiae physicae minores, sive isagoge physica doxoscopica. In qua praecipuae opiniones in physica passim receptae breviter quidem, sed accuratissime examinantur. Ex recensione et distinctione M. F. H., cuius annotationes quaedam accedunt.
Jungius was the first to appreciate and expand upon the botanical ideas of Cesalpino. In this posthumously published work, edited by his student Martin Fogel, and in his Isagoge phytoscopica published in 1669, Jungius…
1663
#6015
Heel-konstige aanmerkkingen betreffende de gebreeken der vrouwen.
Roonhuyze’s book is regarded as the first work on operative gynecology in the modern sense. He successfully performed caesarean section several times, and he used retractors for the repair of vesicovaginal fistulae. E…
1663
#1826
Anastasis corticis Peruviae, seu chinae defensio
A defence of the virtues of Jesuit's bark or Peruvian bark (cinchona, chinchona), the most celebrated specific remedy for malaria. It was obtained from the bark of several species of the genus Cinchona, of the Rubiace…
1663
#9576
Opera omnia: Tam hactenus excusa, hîc tamen aucta & emendata, quàm nunquam aliàs visa ac primùm ex auctoris ipsius autographis eruta curâ Caroli Sponii .... 10 vols.
![CARDANO, Girolamo [Gerolamo; Hieronymus Cardanus] (1501 – 1576)](/media/portraits/7679)
Digital facsimile from the Università degli Studi di Milano at this link.
1663
#13818
Rariora musaei Henrici Fuiren medicinae doctoris quae Academie Regiae Hafniensi legavit.
1664
#4485.1
Traité de la maladie vénérienne, de ses causes et des accidens provenans du mercure, ou vif-argent.
First to describe gonococcal arthritis.
1664
#575
De ratione motus musculorum.
Croone accumulated a large fortune from his practice; with it his widow endowed the Croonian Lectures at the Royal College of Physicians, London. He believed muscular contraction to be brought about by the action of a…
1664
#576
De musculis et glandulis observationum specimen.
Stensen described the structure of muscles, the fibra motrix, confirming that contraction actually occurs in the muscle fibres, not in the tendon as Galen had thought. He attempted a geometrical description of muscle …
1664
#974
De succi pancreatici natura et usu exercitatio anatomico-medica.
De Graaf was an early investigator of the pancreatic secretion. He collected the pancreatic juice of dogs by means of artificial pancreatic fistulae, commenting on the small quantity of juice secreted and on its alkal…
1664
#1378
Cerebri anatome: cui accessit nervorum descriptio et usus.
The most complete and accurate account of the nervous system which had hitherto appeared, and the work that coined the term, “neurology". In its preparation Willis was helped by his students Richard Lower and Thomas M…
1664
#145.51
Sylva, or a discourse of forest-trees, and the preservation of timber in His Majesty’s dominions.
A protest against the careless destruction of England’s forests to fuel the furnaces of the glass and iron industries. The work was influential in establishing a much-needed program of reforestation that had a lasting…
1664
#2102
Osservazioni intorno alle vipere.
The first methodical work on snake-poison. Redi demonstrated for the first time that, for the poison to produce its effect, it must be injected under the skin.
1664
#5572
Observationum medico-chirurgicarum rariorum sylloge.
Pietro de Marchetti was Professor of Surgery at Padua. His book contains many valuable observations in surgery.\\
1664
#13919
Musaeum Septalianum Manfredi Septalae.
"... description of the museum formed by Lodovico Settala, a physician of Milan, and his son, Manfredo, a Canon of the Cathedral. It describes their collections of both artifical and natural curiosities, including pla…
1665
#1099
Dilucidatio valvularum in vasis lymphaticis et lacteis.
First description of the valves of the lymphatics, discovered by Ruysch. Facsimile reprint, Niewkoop, De Graaf, 1964.
1665
#2529
Medela medicinae.
Needham, a physician better known for his work in journalism, was one of the earliest – if not the first – Englishman to write on the germ theory. In his book he included an account of Kircher’s experiments with the m…
1665
#1962
Clysmatica nova; oder newe Clystier-Kunst.
Elsholtz’s book on the venous infusion of medicaments was one of the first works to deal with blood transfusion. Latin edition in 1667; English translation in 1677. Reprint of Latin 1667 edition, Hildesheim, G. Olms, …
1665
#2246
De siriasi.
A treatise on sunstroke.
1665
#262
Micrographia, or some physiological descriptions of minute bodies made by magnifying glasses; with observations and inquiries thereupon.
Hooke, at one time research assistant to Robert Boyle, was one of the greatest inventive geniuses of all time. This was the first book devoted entirely to microscopical observations, and also the first book to pair it…
1665
#5119
London’s dreadful visitation, or, a collection of all the Bills of Mortality for the present year: beginning the 27th of December 1664, and ending the 19th of December following…By the Company of Parish Clerks of London.
BILLS OF MORTALITY
This is a valuable statistical record of the great plague of 1665. (No. 6052 in the Bibliotheca Osleriana.)
1665
#13275
Loimologia: A consolatory advice, and some brief observations concerning the present pest.
Thomson was one of the few physicians who remained in London to treat patients during the plague of 1665. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1665
#13820
Catalogus instructissimae bibliothecae...D. Johannes Antoinidae van der Linden...Professoris...in quae omne benus rariorum libris. Quorum auctio habebitur in aedibus Petri Leffen Bibliopolae.
1666
#1230
De viscerum structura exercitatio anatomica.
Includes (pp. 71-100) his essay, De renibus, in which he described the uriniferous tubules and the “Malpighian bodies”. The great detail and clarity of Malpighi’s description was unsurpassed until Bowman (No. 1231). T…
1666
#1354.9
Anatome medullae spinalis, et nervorum.
The first separate work on the spinal cord. Blasius “illustrated the separate origin of the anterior and posterior roots, the dorsal root ganglia and the differentiation between the gray and white matter of the spinal…
1666
#1481
De vasis palpebrarum novis epistola.
Meibom described the conjunctival Meibomian glands, holocrine type exocrine glands along the rims of the eyelid inside the tarsal plate. They were, however, already known to Galen and were figured by Casserius in 1609.
1666
#4992
A brief account of Mr Valentine Greatrakes, and divers of the strange cures by him lately performed. Written by himself in a letter addressed to the Honourable Robert Boyle Esq., 1666.
The earliest scientific account, by a practitioner, and corroborated by witnesses, of healing by the “laying-on of hands”. Greatrakes became known as “the Irish stroker” because of his method of healing by stroking th…
1666
#6822
La chymie charitable et facile, en faveur des dames.
A book on practical chemistry, pharmacology and medicine written for the common reader by French autodidact Marie Meurdrac, La chymie charitable et facile, en faveur des dames, was the first treatise on chemistry writ…
1666
#9638
De medicina Danorum domestica dissertationes x.
An early study of medicine in Denmark, including local botanic drugs and folk medicine. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1666
#10343
Ventilabrum medico-theologicum: Quo omnes casus, tum medicos, cum aegros, aliosque concernentes euentilantur, et quod SS.PP. conformius, scholasticis probabilius, & in conscientia tutius est, secernitur ...
An early work on Catholic medical morality. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1666
#13276
Loimotomia, or, The pest anatomized in these following particulars, Viz. 1. The material cause of the pest, 2. The efficient cause of the pest, 3. The subject part of the pest, 4. The signs of the pest, 5. An historical account of the dissections of a pestilential body by the author, and the consequences thereof, 6. Reflections and observations on the fore-said dissection, 7. Directions preservative and curative against the pest: Together with the authors apology against the calumnies of the Galenists, and a word to Mr. Nath. Hodges, concerning his late Vindiciae medicinae.
One of the earliest books that illustrated human dissection for a contagious disease. Digital text available from Early English Books Online at this link.
1666
#13899
Modo practico de embalsamar cuerpos defunctos, para preservarlos incorruptos....
On embalming corpses, and on human cadavers. This work includes (pp. 98-127) instructions for the embalming process in Spain, with woodcut illustrations of the tools used and recipes for the ointments. The author also…
1667
#577
Elementorum myologiae specimen.
In this work Stensen, in collaboration with the mathematician Vincenzio Viviani (1622-1703), a pupil of Galileo, developed a geometrical description of muscular contraction, and attempted to show theoretically that mu…
1667
#467.2
Disquisitio anatomica de formatu foetu.
Founding work of developmental chemical embryology, the first book to report chemical experiments on the developing mammalian embryo, and the first to give practical instructions on dissection of embryos. Needham was …
1667
#2013
Lettre … touchant deux expériences de la transfusion faites sur des hommes.
The first transfusion of blood into a human was performed by Denis on June 15, 1667; he transfused lamb’s blood into a youth. For a partial translation, see Geoffrey Keynes’s Blood transfusion (Bristol, 1949) 14-15. D…
1667
#1723
De gemellis et partu numerosiore.
Medico-legal aspects of multiple births. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1667
#1724
Tractatus physico-anatomico-medicus de respiratione usuque pulmonum.
Swammerdam’s earliest published work. In it he recorded his discovery that the lungs of newborn infants will float on water if respiration has taken place, an important medico-legal point.
1667
#1963
Chirurgia infusoria.
Major, the first Professor of Medicine at Kiel, was the first to make successful intravenous injections of drugs into the human body, in 1662. Sir Christopher Wren in 1656 had injected wine and ale into the veins of a…
1667
#2972
Vesalius: Una cum D. Bartholomaei Velseri literis, Tuas, doctissime et mihi amicissime D. Achilles, accepi.... IN: Welsch, G. H., Sylloge curationum et observationum medicinalum centurias vi complectens (J. U. Rumler, Observationes medicae e bibliotheca Georgi Hieronymi Velschii, cum eius dem notis LXXXXI, p. 47).
In 1555 Vesalius was the first to diagnose an aneurysm of the thoracic and abdominal aorta in a living person. Vesalius wrote this consilium to Achilles Pirmin Gasser on July 18, 1557; it was not published until more …
1667
#5450
Histoire générale des Antilles habités par les Français. Tom. 1.
Du Tertre, a priest, described (pp. 81, 99, 423) the outbreaks of yellow fever at Guadeloupe in 1635, 1640, and 1648.
1667 –1673
#292.1
Observationes anatomicae selectiores. [Part II: Observationum anatomicarum… pars altera]. 2 vols.
The only publications of one of the earliest scientific societies, active from 1664 to 1672. Founded by Gerard Blaes, and numbering Jan Swammerdam among its members, the college devoted itself to comparative anatomica…
1667
#9644
De vi percussionis liber.
Building on the theory of mechanics as formulated by Aristotle and Galileo, and countering objections expressed by Stephani degli Angeli among others, Borelli presented a completely mechanical account of the action of…