1859 –1864 HIPPOCRATES, [Ἱπποκράτης; Hippocrates of Kos] (-460 – -370); ERMERINS, Franz Zacharias (1808 – 1871)
Hippocrates et aliorum medicorum veterum reliquiae...edidit Franciscus Zacharias Ermerins. 3 vols.
Greek text of the Hippocratic corpus with facing Latin translations. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
GMN 12710 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14956
1865 DAREMBERG, Charles Victor (1817 – 1872)
La médecine dans Homère, our études d'archéologique sur les médecins, l'anatomie, la physiologie, la chirugie et la médecine dans les poèmes Homériques.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 6474 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7937
1866 TRENDELENBURG, Friedrich (1844 – 1924)
De veterum Indorum chirurgia. Dissertatio inauguralis.
Trendelenburg’s graduation thesis on the ancient Hindu systems of medicine. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 5792 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6871
1866 LANGKAVEL, Bernhard August (1825 – 1902)
Botanik der spaeteren Griechen vom dritten bis dreizehnten Jahrhuntert.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 8963 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11142
1867 WISE, Thomas Alexander (1801 – 1889)
Review of the history of medicine. 2 vols.
Vol. 1, Part 1: "Primitive period among the Asiatic nations," i.e. Hindus. Vol. 2, Part 1: "Ancient state of medicine among the Hindus (continued)". Part 1: "Review of the Buddhist systems of medicine." Part 3: "Revie…
GMN 8210 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10386
1869 DAREMBERG, Charles Victor (1817 – 1872)
État de la médecine entre Homère et Hippocrate: Anatomie, physiologie, pathologie, médecine militaire, histoire des écoles médicales pour fair suite à la médecine dans Homère.
Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
GMN 6475 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7938
1875 EBERS, Georg Moritz (1837 – 1898); STERN, Ludwig Christian (1846 – 1911)
Papyros Ebers: Das hermetische Buch über die Arzeneimittel der alten Ägypter in hieratischer Schrift, herausgegeben mit Inhaltsangabe und Einleitung versehen von Georg Ebers, mit Hieroglyphisch-Lateinischem Glossar von Ludwig [Christian] Stern, mit Unterstützung des Königlich Sächsischen Cultusministerium. 2 vols.
The Ebers Papyrus dates from about 1552 BCE. It measures 20.23 m. in length and 30 cm. in height, and is, along with the Edwin Smith Papyrus, one of the two most important surviving medical papyri. It was written in h…
GMN 2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/26
1875 ROSE, Valentin (1829 – 1916); MARTIALIS, Quintus Gargilius (250 – )
Plinii Secundi quae fertur una cum Gargilli Martialis medicina: Nunc primum edita a Valentino Rose.
Fragments of Martialis's work (probably called De hortis), which treated of the cultivation of trees and vegetables, and also of their medicinal properties, survived, chiefly in the body of and as an appendix to the M…
GMN 8443 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10620
1876 SCHWIMMER, Ernst (1837 – 1898)
Die ersten Anfänge der Heilkunde und die Medizin im alten Aegypten. Eine kulturgeschichteliche Skizze.
Sammlung gemeinverständlicher wissenscbaftlicher Vorträge, No. 255.
GMN 6469 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7670
1877 –1878 HIPPOCRATES, [Ἱπποκράτης; Hippocrates of Kos] (-460 – -370); PÉTREQUIN, Joseph Pierre Eléonord (1809 – 1876)
Chirurgie d’Hippocrate. 2 vols
A Greek-French edition with extensive notes and commentaries by J. E. Pétrequin, surgeon-in-chief of the Hôtel-Dieu of Lyon. Operations attributed to Hippocrates included trephination and paracentesis; his most import…
GMN 4850.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6814
1877 CHARAKA (-600 – -200); VIDYASAGARA, Jibananda
[Charaka Samhita. Edited by Jibananda Vidyasagara.]
Sanskrit text. Authorities vary as to the date of Charaka. He is said to have lived at times varying between 800 BCE and 78 CE. The Samhita, or Sanhita, is one of the most ancient and complete systems of Hindu medicin…
GMN 6485.91 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7973
1877 ANTHIMUS, (Ἄνθιμος) (500 – 550); ROSE, Valentin (1829 – 1916)
De observatione ciborum epistula ad Theudericum Regem Francorum. Iterum edidit Valentinus Rose.
De observatione ciborum ("On the Observance of Foods") by Anthimus, a Byzantine physician at the court of the Ostrogoth king Theodoric, concerns foods and their preparations as well as the use of foods for selected ai…
GMN 7118 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9285
1878 –1879 ALEXANDER OF TRALLES [ἈΛΈΞΑΝΔΡΟΣ Ὁ ΤΡΑΛΛΙΑΝΌΣ; ALEXANDER TRALLIANUS] (525 – 605); PUSCHMANN, Theodor (1844 – 1899)
Alexander von Tralles. Original-Text und Übersetzung nebst einer einleitenden Abhandlung. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Medicin. 2 vols.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 8966 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11145
1879 RUFUS OF EPHESUS, (Ῥοῦφος ὁ Ἐφέσιος) (60 – 100); DAREMBERG, Charles Victor (1817 – 1872); RUELLE, Charles Émile (1833 – 1912)
Oeuvres, texte collationné sur les manuscrits, traduit pour la première fois en français avec une introduction. Publication commencée par Ch. Daremberg, continuée et terminée par Ch. Émile Ruelle.
Greek–French edition containing all the extant works of Rufus, as well as fragments collected from a wide range of ancient and medieval sources. Digital facsimile fro the BnF at this link. The treatise On the interrog…
GMN 24 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4667
1879 ROSE, Valentin (1829 – 1916); CASSIUS FELIX, [Cassius Felix of Cirta] ( – 475)
Cassius Felicis De medicina ex Graecis logicae sectae auctoribus liber translatus sub Artabure et Calepio consulibus (anno 447) nunc primu editus a Valentino Rose.
Editio princeps. Cassius Felix was a Roman African medical writer, probably native of Constantina (now Algeria). His De medicina is a simple handbook for practical use, drawing on Greek medical sources. Digital facsim…
GMN 9012 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11191
1881 UFFELMANN, Julius August Christian (1837 – 1894)
Die öffentliche Hygiene im alten Rom.
GMN 1647 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2142
1882 SORANUS OF EPHESUS (ΣΩΡΑΝΌΣ) (100 – 150); ROSE, Valentin (1829 – 1916)
Sorani gynaeciorum vetus translatio Latina. Nunc primum edita cum additis Graeci textus reliquiis a Dietzio repertis atque ad ipsum codicem Parisiensem nunc recognitis a Valentino Rose.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 12200 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14410
1885 CORLIEU, Auguste (1825 – 1907)
Les médecins grecs depuis la mort de Galien jusqu'a la chute de l'empire d'orient (210-1453).
Digital facsimile from BnF Gallica at this link.
GMN 8416 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10593
1885 DUPOUY, Edmond (1838 – )
Médecine et moeurs de l'ancienne Rome d'après les poètes latins.
Translated into English as Medicine and morals of ancient Rome according to the Latin poets (Cincinnati: Cincinnati Lancet-clinic, 1901). Digital facsimile of the 1885 edition from Google Books at this link. Facsimile…
GMN 13835 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16125
1886 BELOCH, Karl Julius (1854 – 1929)
Die Bevölkerung der griechisch-römischen Welt.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 9111 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11290
1889 MARCELLUS EMPIRICUS, (Marcellus Burdigalensis) (375 – 425); HELMREICH, Georg (1849 – 1921)
Marcelli De medicamentis liber. Edited Georgius Helmreich.
Marcellus's compendium of pharmacological preparations drawing on the work of multiple medical and scientific writers as well as folk remedies and magic. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 8330 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10506
1893 ANONYMUS LONDINENSIS (75 – ); DIELS, Hermann Alexander (1848 – 1922)
Anonymi Londinensis ex Aristotelis iatricis Menoniis et aliis medicis eclogae editit Hermannus Diels.
Written about 100 CE, On Medicine (Ιατρικα) is partially preserved in a papyrus in the British Library (PBrLibr inv. 137 = P.Lit.Lond. 165). It is the most important surviving ancient Greek medical papyrus, a key sour…
GMN 25 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4675
1893 –1897 HOERNLÉ, Augustus Friedrich Rudolf (1841 – 1918)
The Bower manuscript; Facsimile leaves, Nagari transcript, Romanised transliteration and English translation with notes.
Dated to the Gupta era, between the 4th and the 6th century CE, the Bower Manuscript, preserved at the Bodleian Library, Oxford, was written on birch bark in Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit using the Late Brahmi script or Gu…
GMN 6834 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8998
1893 HEROPHILOS (ἩΡΌΦΙΛΟΣ; HEROPHILUS) (-290 – ); FINLAYSON, James (1840 – 1906); ERASISTRATOS, (Erasistratus; Ἐρασίστρατος) (-304 – -250)
Herophilus and Erasistratus: A bibliographical demonstration in the library in the Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, 16th March 1893. Reprinted from the Glasgow Medical Journal for May, 1893.
GMN 8400 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10577
1894 –1902 HIPPOCRATES, [Ἱπποκράτης; Hippocrates of Kos] (-460 – -370); KÜHLEWEIN, Hugo (1847 – )
Hippocrates Opera. Recensuit H. Kuehlewein. 2 vols.
This Greek edition, originally planned to include the whole collection in seven volumes, was abandoned in 1907 with the founding of the Corpus Medicorum Graecorum series. Both editions employ manuscripts and methods u…
GMN 15 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/36
1896 BHAGVAT SINH JEE, Maharajah of Gondal (Bhagavat Simhaji; Bhagvatsingh Sahib) (1865 – 1944)
A short history of Aryan medical science.
From the Wikipedia: "Bhagvatsingh Sahib GCSI GCIE was the ruling Maharaja of the princely state of Gondal from 1869 till his death in 1944, in whose reign the state was raised to 11-gun salute state.[1] He was the onl…
GMN 6486 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7979
1896 ALCMAEON OF CROTON, (Ἀλκμαίων ὁ Κροτωνιάτης) (-510 – -450); WACHTLER, Johannes
De Alcmaeone Crotoniata scripsit Ioannes Wachtler.
Greek texts of the fragments and testimonia with commentary in Latin. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 8435 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10612
1897 WELLMANN, Max (1863 – 1933); KRATEUAS, [Kratevas, Crateuas, Cratevas; Κρατεύας ὁ Ῥιζότομος] ( – 95)
Krateuas. Von M. Wellmann.
Crateuas was the personal physician of Mithridates VI. Of Pontos. He wrote a three-part herbal book describing the medicinal properties of plants. This work, which was illustrated, is the earliest known herbal book to…
GMN 9015 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11194
1897 –1904 JORET, Charles (1839 – 1914)
Les plantes dans l'antiquité et au moyen âge. Histoire, usages et symbolisme. 2 vols.
Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.
GMN 11935 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14140
1897 FASBENDER, Heinrich (1843 – 1914)
Entwickelungslehre, Geburtshülfe und Gynäkologie in der hippokratischen Schriften.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 12198 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14408
1898 GRIFFITH, Francis Llewellyn (1862 – 1934)
The Petrie papyri. Hieratic papyri from Kahun and Gurob (Principally of the Middle Kingdom) edited by F. Ll. Griffith.
KAHUN GYNECOLOGICAL PAPYRUS
The Kahun Gynecological Papyrus (also Kahun Papyrus, Kahun Medical Papyrus, or UC 32057) is the oldest known medical text on papyrus, dating from circa 1800 BCE. It was found at El-Lahun, Egypt (Faiyum, Kahun, كاهم
GMN 7011 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9177
1901 –1907 SENGUPTA, Kaviraj Nagendra Nath (Sen Gupta)
The Ayurvedic system of medicine, or an exposition, in English, of Hindu medicine as occuring in Charaka, Susruta, Bagbhata, and othe rauthoritative works, ancient and modern, in Sanskrit. 3 vols.
Ayurveda is the most ancient system of Hindu medicine; only fragments of the original remain. The early Hindus believed it to be of divine origin and ascribed it to Brahma. It dates from circa 1400-1200 BCE. Digital f…
GMN 6485.9 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/32
1901 DIOCLES OF CARYSTUS, (Διοκλῆς ὁ Καρύστιος) (-375 – -295); PHILISTION OF LOCRI, (Φιλιστίων) (-350 – ); WELLMANN, Max (1863 – 1933); ACRON, (Ἄκρων) (-450 – )
Die Fragmente der sikelischen Ärzte Akron, Philistion und des Diokles von Karystos. Herausgegeben von M. Wellmann.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 16.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/38
1901 MAGNUS, Hugo Friedrich (1842 – 1907)
Die Augenheilkunde der Alten.
A history of ancient ophthalmology in which the writer has attempted to reconstruct the anatomical concepts of the ancient Greeks. Translated into English by Richey L. Waugh as Ophthalmology of the ancients, Oostende:…
GMN 5997 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7122
1901 JOLLY, Julius (1849 – 1932)
Medicin. Grundriss der Indo-Arischen Philologie und Altertumskunde.(Encyclopedia of Indo-Aryan Research). III. Band, 10. Heft.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 6486.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7981
1901 MCKAY, William John Stewart (1866 – 1948)
The history of ancient gynaecology.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 6287 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8017
1901 ODER, Eugen (1862 – 1926)
Claudii Hermeri. Mulomedicina Chironis editit Eugenius Oder.
Edition of the Mulomedicina in Codex Monacensis Latinus 243 saec. xv, a translation in vulgar Latin (by Claudis Hermeros?) of a Greek treatise. In the subscriptions of books 1 and 2, 9, 10, "Chiron Centaurus", "Chiron…
GMN 10139 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/12328
1902 BERENDES, Julius (1837 – 1914)
Des Pedanios Dioskurides aus Anazarbos Arzneimittellehre in fünf Büchern. Übersetzt und mit Erklärungen Versehen.
Analysis of Dioscordes from the pharmacological standpoint, including determination of his units of measurements, critical in dosage. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
GMN 8569 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10746
1902 –1909 RAY, Prafulla Chandra (1861 – 1944)
A history of Hindu chemistry from the earliest times to the middle of the sixteenth century, A.D. With Sanskrit texts, variants, translation and illustrations. 2 vols.
Digital facsimile of the 1903 revised 2nd ed. plus the 1st ed. of vol. 2 from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 10875 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13071
1903 VEGETIUS RENATUS, Publius Flavius (365 – ); MARTIALIS, Quintus Gargilius (250 – ); LOMMATZSCH, Ernst Otto Franz (1871 – 1949)
P. Vegeti Renati digestorum artis mulomedicinae libri edidit Ernestus Lommatzsch. Accedit Gargili Martialis de curis boum fragmentum.
Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link. Includes an edition of the Late Antique Latin writer Quintus Gargilius Martialis's fragmentary treatise on the tending of cattle.
GMN 12176 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14386
1904 KÜCHLER, Friedrich
Beiträge zur Kenntnis der assyrisch-babylonischen Medizin. Texte mit Umschrift, Uebersetzung und Kommentar von Friedrich Küchler.
Cuneiform medical texts from the library of Ashurbanipal, together with German translations. A valuable paper on this subject is M. Jastrow’s "The medicine of the Babylonians and Assyrians," Proceedings Royal Society …
GMN 6 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7929
1904 HAMMURABI, King of Babylon (-1792 – -1750); HARPER, Robert Francis (1864 – 1914)
The code of Hammurabi, King of Babylon about 2000 BCE. Autographed text, transliteration, translation, glossary, index of subjects, lists of proper names, signs, numerals, corrections, and erasures, with map, frontispiece, and photograph of text by Robert Francis Harper.
The Code of Hammurabi was found among the cuneiform tablets of the library of Ashurbanipal. It is now in the Louvre. It was first published in Scheil, "Textes élamites-sémitiques. Deuxième série: accompagné de 20 plan…
GMN 1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8605
1904 GALEN, [Κλαύδιος Γαληνός; Galen of Pergamon] (129 – 216); HELMREICH, Georg (1849 – 1921)
Galeni De temperamentis libri III recensuit Georgius Helmreich.
Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.
GMN 148 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8801
1905 –1908 DIELS, Hermann Alexander (1848 – 1922)
Die Handschriften der antiken Aerzte. I. Teil: Hippokrates und Galenos. II. Teil: Die übrigen grieschischen Ärzte aßer Hippokates und Galenos. Bericht über den Stand des interakademischen Corpus medicorum antiquorum und Erster Nachtrag zu den in den Abhandlungen 1905 und 1906 veröffentlichten Katalogen. . . .
A catalogue of surviving manuscripts of texts and translations of classical Greek physicians. Republished in book form, 1905-08. Available online from the Corpus Medicorum Graecorum at this link. Supplemented by: Gree…
GMN 6767 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8243
1905 REISNER, George Andrew (1867 – 1942)
The Hearst Medical Papyrus: Hieratic text in 17 facsimile plates in collotype with introduction and vocabulary by George A. Reisner. University of California Publications. Egyptian Archaeology, Volume 1.
The papyrus has been dated to the 18th Dynasty of Egypt, around the time of pharaoh Tuthmosis III. The text is believed to have been composed earlier, during the Middle Kingdom, around 2000 BCE. The papyrus is so unus…
GMN 8390 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10567
1905 POHL, Rudolf
De graecorum medicis publicis.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link. See Vivian Nutton, "Archiatri and the medical profession in antiquity," Papers of the British School at Rome, 45 (1977), 191-226.
GMN 9514 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11699
1906 GALEN, [Κλαύδιος Γαληνός; Galen of Pergamon] (129 – 216); SIMON, Max
Sieben Bücher Anatomie des Galen: ... zum ersten Male veröffentlicht nach den Handschriften einer arabischen Übersetzung des 9. Jahrh. n. Chr. / ins Deutsche Übertragen und Kommentiert von Max Simon. 2 vols.
First printed edition of the final six and one-half books (the second half of book 9, and books 10-15) of Galen's De anatomicis administrationibus, which were lost in the Greek original. In 1714 the Bodleian Library a…
GMN 360 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/313
1906 –1914 DIOSCORIDES, Pedanius [Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης] (40 – 90); WELLMANN, Max (1863 – 1933); KRATEUAS, [Kratevas, Crateuas, Cratevas; Κρατεύας ὁ Ῥιζότομος] ( – 95)
De materia medica. Edidit Max Wellmann. 3 vols.
Dioscorides’ work is the authoritative source on the materia medica of antiquity. He described over 600 plants and plant principles. The above edition by Wellman is the definitive Greek text. It also contains the Frag…
GMN 1786 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1853
1906 GEORGIADÈS, Nicolas (1875 – )
La pharmacie en Egypte.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 13137 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15395
1907 EMPEDOCLES (ἘΜΠΕΔΟΚΛΗ͂Σ) (-490 – -430); LEONARD, William Ellery (1876 – 1944)
The fragments of Empedocles. Translated into English verse by William Ellergy Leonard.
Empedocles was a Greek philosopher, statesman, physician and reformer. His poem on Nature originally ran to 5,000 lines, of which only 400 are now left. He believed in four ultimate elements—fire, air, water and earth…
GMN 87 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/50
![HIPPOCRATES, [Ἱπποκράτης; Hippocrates of Kos] (-460 – -370)](/media/portraits/50)
![GALEN, [Κλαύδιος Γαληνός; Galen of Pergamon] (129 – 216)](/media/portraits/21)
![DIOSCORIDES, Pedanius [Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης] (40 – 90)](/media/portraits/2028)
