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Garrison-Morton-Norman History of Medicine

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924 entries match Physiology & Embryology [G07 / G02.149]

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1958

#1586

The history and philosophy of knowledge of the brain and its functions: an Anglo-American symposium.

POYNTER, Frederick Noel Lawrence (1908 – 1979)

1958

#752.6

Studies on polynucleotides. I. A new and general method for the chemical synthesis of the C5'-C3' intemucleotide linkage. Synthesis of deoxyribo-dinucleotides.

GILHAM, Peter Thomas (1930 – 2008)
KHORANA, Har Gobind (1922 – 2011)
KHORANA, Har Gobind (1922 – 2011)

In 1968 Khorana shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with R. W. Holley and M. W. Nirenberg "for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis." H. G. Khorana, T. M. Jacob, …

1958

#1931.6

Enzymatic O-methylation of epinephrine and other catechols.

AXELROD, Julius (1912 – 2004)
AXELROD, Julius (1912 – 2004) TOMCHICK, R.

The authors discovered the enzyme "COMT" or cathecol-O-methyltransferase, and determined that it was crucial in the methylation and inactivation of adrenergic and other catecholamine type neurotransmitters. (Thanks to…

1958

#2578.25

Separation and isolation of fractions of rabbit gamma-globulin containing the antibody and antigenic combining sites.

PORTER, Rodney Robert (1917 – 1985)
PORTER, Rodney Robert (1917 – 1985)

In 1972 Porter shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with G.M. Edelman (No. 2578.39) "for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of antibodies."

1958

#2578.26

Iso-leuco-anticorps.

DAUSSET, Jean (1916 – 2009)
DAUSSET, Jean (1916 – 2009)

Discovery of the first histocompatibility antigen. In 1980 Dausset shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with B. Benacerraf and G. D. Snell "for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structure…

1958

#2578.30

Histocompatibility genes of the mouse.

SNELL, George Davis (1903 – 1996)

Snell made fundamental contributions to transplantation genetics. At his suggestion genes governing transplantation were called histocompatibility genes and Gorer’s Antigen II became Histocompatibility-2 (H-2). In 198…

1959

#1586.1

The historical development of physiological thought.

BROOKS, Chandler McCuskey (1905 – 1989) CRANEFIELD, Paul Frederick (1925 – 2003)

1959

#532.3

Fertilization of rabbit ova in vitro.

CHANG, Min Chueh (1908 – 1991)
CHANG, Min Chueh (1908 – 1991)

The birth of normal rabbits from in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer was the first proof that births resulting from this procedure are normal.

1959

#2578.31

The clonal selection theory of acquired immunity. The Abraham Flexner Lectures of Vanderbilt University 1958.

BURNET, Sir Frank Macfarlane (1899 – 1985)

Burnet's clonal selection theory extended the idea that each antibody-producing cell makes antibodies of only one specificity, predicting these cells proliferate in response to the detection of antigens, cloning and t…

1959

#13242

Speech and brain mechanisms.

PENFIELD, Wilder Graves (1891 – 1976)
PENFIELD, Wilder Graves (1891 – 1976) ROBERTS, Lamar (1919 – 1978)

1959

#14141

Factors affecting the activity of muscle phosphorylase b kinase.

KREBS, Edwin Gerhard (1918 – 2009) GRAVES, Donald J. (1931 – 2007)
FISCHER, Edmond Henri (1920 – 2021)
FISCHER, Edmond Henri (1920 – 2021)

In 1992 Krebs and Fischer were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discoveries concerning reversible protein phosphorylation as a biological regulatory mechanism." Digital facsimile from PubMe…

1959

#14242

Receptive fields of single neurones in the cat's striate cortex.

HUBEL, David Hunter (1926 – 2013)
HUBEL, David Hunter (1926 – 2013)
WIESEL, Torsten Nils (1924 – )
WIESEL, Torsten Nils (1924 – )

Also: Hubel & Wiesel, Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex, J. Physiol., 160, 1962, 106-154. In 1981 Hubel and Wiesel shared half of the Nobel Prize in Physiol…

1960

#1587

The discovery of the reflexes.

LIDDELL, Edward George Tandy (1895 – 1981)

1960

#2578.28

Immunosassay of endogenous plasma insulin in man.

YALOW, Rosalyn Sussman (1921 – 2011)
YALOW, Rosalyn Sussman (1921 – 2011) BERSON, Solomon Aaron (1918 – 1972)

First radioimmunoassay of a hormone, a test capable of estimating nonogram or even picogram quantities. In 1977 Yalow received half of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for the development of radioimmunoassay…

1960

#11708

The growth of scientific physiology: Physiological method and the mechanist-vitalist controversy, illustrated by the problems of respiration and animal heat.

GOODFIELD, June (1927 – )

1960

#12996

Acute pulmonary edema of high altitude.

HOUSTON, Charles Snead (1913 – 2009)
HOUSTON, Charles Snead (1913 – 2009)

Houston described four individuals who developed "edema of the lungs" as a result of high elevation activities. "He described chest X-rays with edema and non-specific changes on EKG. Even though these cases had been t…

1960

#14240

β-Hydroxy-β-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase, cleavage and condensing enzymes in relation to cholesterol formation in rat liver.

LYNEN, Feodor Felix Konrad
LYNEN, Feodor Felix Konrad BUCHER, N. L. OVERATH, P.

In 1964 Feodor Lynen shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Konrad Bloch “for their discoveries concerning the mechanism and regulation of the cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism.” Order of authorship…

1961

#256.9

Genetic regulatory mechanisms in the synthesis of proteins.

JACOB, François (1920 – 2013)
MONOD, Jacques (1910 – 1976)
MONOD, Jacques (1910 – 1976)

In 1965 Jacob, Monod, and André Lwoff shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis."

1961

#256.11

Characteristics and stabilization of DNAase-sensitive protein synthesis in E. coli extracts.

MATTHAEI, J. Heinrich (1929 – )
MATTHAEI, J. Heinrich (1929 – )
NIRENBERG, Marshall Warren (1927 – 2010)
NIRENBERG, Marshall Warren (1927 – 2010)

With Matthaei, Nirenberg demonstrated that messenger RNA is required for protein synthesis, and that synthetic messenger RNA preparations can be used to decipher various aspects of the genetic code. Nirenberg first re…

1961

#9648

Cerebral organization and behavior: The split brain behaves in many respects like two separate brains, providing new research possibilities.

SPERRY, Roger Wolcott (1913 – 1994)
SPERRY, Roger Wolcott (1913 – 1994)

Sperry and colleagues, including Michael Gazzaniga, conducted extensive experiments on an epileptic patient who had had his corpus collosum, the "bridge" between the left and right hemispheres of the brain, split so t…

1961

#11201

A bibliography of the Honourable Robert Boyle, Fellow of the Royal Society. Second edition

FULTON, John Farquhar (1899 – 1960)
BOYLE, Robert (1627 – 1691)
BOYLE, Robert (1627 – 1691)

1962

#1931.4

The structure of prostaglandin E, F1 and F2.

BERGSTRÖM, Sune (1916 – 2004)
SAMUELSSON, Bengt Ingemar (1934 – )
SAMUELSSON, Bengt Ingemar (1934 – ) & et al.

In this and subsequent papers Bergström and Samuelsson elucidated the chemical structure of prostaglandins. In 1982 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded jointly to Sune K. Bergström, Bengt I. Samuelss…

1963

#1588

Hormone: Die Geschichte der Hormonforschung.

BÖTTCHER, Helmuth Maximillian (1895 – 1979)

1963

#8149

Representation of a Function by its Line Integrals, with Some Radiological Applications.

CORMACK, Allan McLeod (1924 – 1998)
CORMACK, Allan McLeod (1924 – 1998)

Cormack showed that changes in tissue density could be computed from x-ray data. Because of limitations in computing power no machine was constructed during the 1960s. Cormack's papers generated little interest until …

1963

#9647

Chemoaffinity in the orderly growth of nerve fiber patterns and connections.

SPERRY, Roger Wolcott (1913 – 1994)
SPERRY, Roger Wolcott (1913 – 1994)

Sperry's chemoaffinity hypothesis, which states that neurons make connections with their targets based on interactions with specific molecular markers[1] and, therefore, that the initial wiring diagram of an organism …

1963

#14069

On the aims and methods of ethology.

TINBERGEN, Nikolaas (1909 – 1988)
TINBERGEN, Nikolaas (1909 – 1988)

In this paper Tinbergen defined Tinbergen's Four Questions, or complementary categories of explanations for animal behavior. that form the basis of ethology: Causation, Ontogeny, Survival Value, and Evolution. In 1973…

1964

#1588.1

Circulation of the blood: men and ideas.

FISHMAN, Alfred Paul (1918 – 2010)
RICHARDS, Dickinson Woodruff (1895 – 1973)
RICHARDS, Dickinson Woodruff (1895 – 1973)

1964

#1931.5

A new adrenergic beta-receptor antagonist.

BLACK, Sir James Whyte (1924 – 2010) CROWTHER, Albert Frederick (1917 – 2006) & et al.

Development of Propranolol, the first beta-blocker effectively used in the treatment of coronary heart disease and hypertension. R. G. Shanks, L. H. Smith and A. C. Dornhorst. In 1988 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or …

1964

#2883.7

The physiological basis of cardiac arrhythmias.

CRANEFIELD, Paul Frederick (1925 – 2003) HOFFMAN, Brian Francis (1925 – 2013)

1964

#8145

Essays on the history of physiology in Russia, by Kh.S. Koshtoyants. Editor of English translation: Donald B. Lindsley. Translated from the Russian by David Boder, Kristan Hanes [and] Natalie O'Brien.

KOSHTOYANTS, Khachatur Sedrakovich (1900 – 1961)

Focuses on neurophysiology, especially the work of Sechenov and Pavlov. Originally published in Moscow, 1946.

1965

#257.2

Structure of a ribonucleic acid.

HOLLEY, Robert William (1922 – 1993) & et al.

The complete sequence of an alanine transfer RNA determined – the first nucleic acid structure to be determined. With seven co-authors. In 1968 Holley shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Har Gobind K…

1965

#8834

Computers in biomedical research. Edited by Ralph W. Stacy and Bruce Waxman. 2 vols.

STACEY, Ralph W. WAXMAN, Bruce

Section A, Chapter 2: "New mathematical methods in the life sciences" by George B. Dantzig. Section D, Chapter 12: "The application of computers to electroencephalography" by Mary A. B. Brazier. Section E, Chapter 13:…

1965

#12283

Starling on the heart. Facsimile reprints, including the Linacre lecture on the law of the heart. Analysis and critical comment by Carleton B. Chapman and Jere H. Mitchell.

STARLING, Ernest Henry (1866 – 1927)
STARLING, Ernest Henry (1866 – 1927) CHAPMAN, Carelton B. (1915 – 2000) MITCHELL, Jere H.

1965

#14244

The stimulation of epidermal proliferation by a specific protein (EGF).

COHEN, Stanley (1922 – 2020)
COHEN, Stanley (1922 – 2020)

Discovery of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF). In 1986 Cohen shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Rita Levi-Montalcini "for their discoveries of growth factors."

1965

#14311

Enzymatic basis for the active transport of sodium and potassium across the cell membrane.

SKOU, Jens Christian (1918 – 2018)
SKOU, Jens Christian (1918 – 2018)

Skou discovered that the active transport of sodium and potassium is carried out in the cell membrane by an enzyme that serves as a sodium and potassium "pump," that catalyzes ATP hydrolysis. He named the enzyme "sodi…

1966

#1588.2

Selected readings in the history of physiology. Second edition, revised.

FULTON, John Farquhar (1899 – 1960)

These readings extend from Aristotle to contemporary writers; they give access to many classical works that might otherwise be unobtainable to students of the history of physiology. Foreign material is translated into…

1966

#1588.3

The history of cell respiration and cytochrome

KEILIN, David (1887 – 1963)
KEILIN, David (1887 – 1963) KEILIN, Joan

See No. 968.

1966

#534.1

Marcello Malpighi and the evolution of embryology. 5 vols.

MALPIGHI, Marcello (1628 – 1694)
MALPIGHI, Marcello (1628 – 1694) ADELMANN, Howard Bernhardt (1898 – 1988)

Vol. 1 is an exhaustive biography of Malpighi; the remaining 4 volumes provide an extensive account of the development of embryology, and annotated English translations of Nos. 468 & 469.

1966

#534.2

Investigations into generation, 1651-1828.

GASKING, Elizabeth B.

1966

#14064

"Fertile" intestine nuclei.

GURDON, Sir John Bertrand (1933 – )
GURDON, Sir John Bertrand (1933 – ) UEHLINGER, V.

Gurdon and Uehlinger replaced the cell nucleus of frog ova with frog intestinal nuclei to generate tadpoles, some of which became fertile adult male and female frogs. In 2012 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine …

1966

#14342

The life of William Harvey.

HARVEY, William (1578 – 1657)
HARVEY, William (1578 – 1657)
KEYNES, Sir Geoffrey Langdon (1887 – 1982)
KEYNES, Sir Geoffrey Langdon (1887 – 1982)

1967

#534.3

Essays in the history of embryology and biology.

OPPENHEIMER, Jane Marion (1911 – 1996)

1967

#2068.10

History of electrotherapy. In: Therapeutic electricity and ultraviolet radiation.

LICHT, Sidney (1908 – 1979)

1967

#11207

Catalogue des manuscrits de Claude Bernard avec la bibliographie de ses travaux imprimés et des études sur son oeuvre. Collège de France

BERNARD, Claude (1813 – 1878)
BERNARD, Claude (1813 – 1878) GRMEK, Mirko Dražen (1924 – 2000)

1967

#12662

Herpes-type virus and chromosome marker in normal leukocytes after growth with irradiated Burkitt cells.

HENLE, Gertrude Szpingier (1912 – 2006) HENLE, Werner (1910 – 1987) DIEHL, Volker S. (1938 – )
HAUSEN, Harald zur (1936 – )
HAUSEN, Harald zur (1936 – ) KOHN, G.

Hausen and colleagues showed for the first time that a cancer virus (Epstein-Barr virus) can transform healthy cells (lymphocytes) into cancer cells. This showed that viruses can cause cancer cell formation. (Order of…

1968

#752.7

Cyclic AMP.

ROBSON, George Alan (1934 – ) BUTCHER, Reginald William (1930 – ) SUTHERLAND, Earl Wilber Jr. (1915 – 1974)

Sutherland elucidated the role of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, the second messenger mediating actions in a wide range of hormonal effects. In 1971 Sutherland was awarded the Nobel Prize in in Physiology or Medicine…

1968

#5019.7

A history of the treatment of speech disorders.

ELDRIDGE, Margaret

1968

#9097

Galen on the usefulness of the parts of the body. De usu partium. Translated from the Greek with an introduction and commentary by Margaret Tallmadge May. 2 vols.

GALEN, [Κλαύδιος Γαληνός; Galen of Pergamon] (129 – 216)
GALEN, [Κλαύδιος Γαληνός; Galen of Pergamon] (129 – 216) MAY, Margaret Tallmadge (1896 – 1990)

1968

#9129

Galen's system of physiology and medicine. An analysis of his doctrines and observations on blood flow, respiration, humors and internal diseases.

GALEN, [Κλαύδιος Γαληνός; Galen of Pergamon] (129 – 216)
GALEN, [Κλαύδιος Γαληνός; Galen of Pergamon] (129 – 216) SIEGEL, Rudolf E. (1900 – 1975)

1968

#10044

A definition of irreversible coma. Report of the Ad Hoc Committee of the Harvard Medical School to examine the definition of brain death.

HARVARD AD HOC COMMITTEE ON BRAIN DEATH

This report described the following characteristics of a permanently nonfunctioning brain, a condition it referred to as "irreversible coma," now known as brain death: 1. Unreceptivity and unresponsitivity--patient sh…