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924 entries match Physiology & Embryology [G07 / G02.149]

1875

#496

Le maturation de l’oeuf, la fécondation et les premières phases du développement embryonnaire des mammifères.

First detailed description of the segmentation of the mammalian ovum.

1875

#780

Die beiderseitige mechanische Reizung des Nv. vagus beim Menschen.

1875

#1408.1

The electric currents of the brain.

Caton succeeded in leading off action potentials from the brains of animals, a first step towards the development of the electroencephalograph. See also Brit. med. J., 1877, 1, Suppl. 62-75.

1876

#781

Ueber den Druck in den Blutcapillaren der menschlichen Haut.

Kries attempted to measure blood pressure in the capillaries by using a skin blanching method.

1876

#782

Untersuchungen über die Gefässernerven-Wurzeln des Ischiadicus.

Stricker was the first to describe vasodilatation on stimulation of the posterior nerve roots.

1876

#2707

A case of haemophilia complicated with multiple naevi.

First description of multiple hereditary telangiectasis (“Rendu–Osler–Weber disease”).

1876

#11574

Methodik der physiologischen experimente und vivisectionen. 2 vols.

"This textbook and its remarkable atlas [of 54 plates] was used by Europe's leading physiologists as they expanded animal experimentation in an attempt to understand human function in health and disease" (W. Bruce Fye…

1876

#14097

Beobachtungen über die Befruchtung und Entwicklung des Kaninchens and Meerschweinchens.

Hensen's node. "Hensen’s research focused on the embryonic development of guinea pigs and rabbits. While studying those organisms he noticed something previously undiscovered—an enlarged area above the primitive strea…

1877

#823.1

Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Reizwell und Contractionswelle des Herzmuskels.

Marchand obtained the first electrocardiogram. Using the differential rheotome he measured the time course of the potential variations from the frog’s heart.

1877

#631

A text-book of physiology.

Foster was one of the greatest of the modern teachers of physiology. He became professor at Cambridge in 1883. Many great scientists are numbered among his pupils. See G.L. Geisen, Michael Foster and the Cambridge Sch…

1877 –1880

#632

Observations on the locomotor system of Medusae. 3 pts.

Charles Sherrington described the significance of Romanes' research on jellyfish in terms of its impact on cardiac physiology: "Romanes's observations carried out with simple means were novel and fundamental. The ques…

1877

#4624

Die Störungen der Sprache.

Kussmaul termed aphasia “word-blindness”. The book was issued as a supplement to vol. 12 of Ziemssen’s Handbuch der speciellen Pathologie und Therapie. English translation in Ziemssen’s Cyclopedia of the practice of m…

1878

#944

La pression barométrique. Recherches de physiologie expérimentale.

The most famous work in the history of altitude physiology, in which Bert proved that the principal symptoms of altitude sickness arise from reduced partial pressure of oxygen and not from diminution of total pressure…

1878

#499

The embryology of Clepsine.

The study of cell-lineage was initiated by Whitman’s paper on Clepsine.

1878

#3826

Exstirpation einer Struma retroesophagea.

Kocher, a pupil of Billroth, was a pioneer of thyroidectomy for goitre. Before his time the operation was seldom performed. Garrison says that Kocher performed this difficult operation 2,000 times, with a mortality ra…

1878

#7294

La méthode graphique dans les sciences expérimentales et particulièrement en physiologie et en médecine.

Marey pioneered the use of graphical recording in the experimental sciences, using instruments (many of his own invention) to capture and display data impossible to observe with the senses alone, and to record the pro…

1878

#12401

William Harvey: A history of the discovery of the circulation of the blood

Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.

1879 –1880

#824

On the time-relations of the excitatory process in the ventricle of the heart of the frog.

These workers were among the first to study the action currents of the heart, and made the first records (with the capillary electrometer) of the minute electrical current produced by the beating of the heart. See als…

1879

#634

Leçons de physiologie opératoire.

In this, his last work, Bernard showed himself “the unapproachable master in the technique of experimental procedure” (Garrison).

1879

#782.1

Sur la contractilité capillaires sanguins.

Rouget made an important investigation of the control of capillary circulation. He described cells (“Rouget’s cells”) on the outer surfaces of capillary walls, considered to be contractile. English translation in No. …

1879

#12274

Die Diagnostik des Pulses in Bezug auf die localen Veränderungen desselben.

Bedford 56: "Pulse reporting by hydrosphygmograph by Italian physiologist Angelo Mosso (1846-1910), who was professor of pharmacology at Turin University." Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

1880

#825

Zur Genese der Herztöne.

1880 –1882

#826

Regarding the action of hydrate of soda, hydrate of ammonia, and hydrate of potash on the ventricle of the frog’s heart.

“Ringer’s solution”

1880 –1881

#500

A treatise on comparative embryology. 2 vols.

This work sums up all the previous knowledge on the subject, and includes Balfour’s own significant contributions. Balfour, a pupil of Michael Foster, became professor of animal morphology in 1882; in the same year he…

1880 –1885

#501

Anatomie menschlicher Embryonen. 3 pts. and atlas.

A systematic account of early human embryology that stimulated further investigation in a field in which His stood highest among his contemporaries. He was the first to study the human embryo as a whole.

1880

#13169

The physiology of woman, embracing girlhood, maternity, and mature age, with essays on the "Coeducation of the sexes in medicine," "The physiological basis of education," "Temperance from a physician's point of view, and "A plea for moderation."

Stevenson was the first woman member of the American Medical Association (AMA), the first woman appointed on the Illinois State Board of Health, and the first woman to be on staff at the Cook County Hospital in Chicag…

1881

#827

On a method of isolating the mammalian heart.

Martin devised a form of perfusion of the isolated mammalian heart – one of the greatest single contributions ever to come from an American physiological laboratory. This made possible his later work on the heart. See…

1881

#635

Handbuch der Physiologie des Gesammt-Stoffwechsels und der Fortpflanzung.

Forms vol. 6, pt. 1 of Hermann’s Handbuch der Physiologie.

1881

#502

Die Coelomtheorie. Versuch einer Erklärung des mittleren Keimblattes.

The Hertwig brothers formulated the “coelom” theory to account for the classification and phylogeny of metazoan animals. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

1881

#783

La circulation du sang à l’état physiologique et dans les maladies.

1881

#2784

Ueber die Messung des Blutdrucks am Menschen.

Basch’s important modifications of the methods of blood-pressure recording mark the beginning of clinical sphygmomanometry. English translation in Ruskin (No. 3160.1).

1881

#5236

Un nouveau parasite trouvé dans le sang plusieurs malades atteints de fièvre palustre.

Laveran first saw the malaria parasite on 20 October 1880; he at once recognized its significance. He named it Oscillaria malariae. English translation in Kean (No. 2268.1). Laveran also published a monograph on the d…

1882

#828

Observations on the direct influence of variations of arterial pressure upon the rate of beat of the mammalian heart.

1882

#829

On the rhythm of the heart of the frog, and on the nature of the action of the vagus nerve.

Croonian Lectures, 1881. Gaskell’s classical memoir on the muscles and nerves of the heart included a description of “Gaskell’s nerves”, the accelerator nerves of the heart. He showed that the motor impulses from the …

1882

#882

Mésure du volume de sang contenu dans l’organisme d’un mammifére vivant.

A method of determining blood volume with carbon monoxide.

1882

#1571

The experimental method in medical science.

Dalton, Professor of Physiology at the universities of Buffalo and Vermont, and the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, was the first American to devote his time exclusively to that subject. He was present a…

1882 –1883

#702

Zur Chemie des Zellkerns.

Among the many important contributions of Kossel was his study of the chemistry of the cell and cell-nucleus. Kossel correctly concluded that the function of nuclein is neither to act as a storage substance nor to fur…

1882

#2331

Die Aetiologie der Tuberkulose.

Discovery of the tubercle bacillus announced March 24, 1882. This paper also contains a statement of “Koch’s postulates”. See also Nos. 2536 and 5167. Koch published a fuller account as "Die Aetiologie der Tuberkulose…

1882 –1883

#11737

"A study of the malformations, variations, and anomalies of the circulatory apparatus in man," with a brief consideration of some of the principles governing their production.

A pioneering study of the embryology of the cardiovascular system and its relationship to congenital heart disease.

1882

#12264

Observations on the mean pressure and the characters of the pulse wave in the coronary arteries of the heart.

1882

#14028

Experimental physiology: Its benefits to mankind, with an address on unveiling the statue of William Harvey at Folkestone 6th August 1881.

A little-known historical work on the history of physiology and the history of medicine by Owen, who, even though he was trained in medicine, most often wrote on topics in comparative anatomy, zoology, paleontology an…

1883 –1884

#830

On the innervation of the heart, with special reference to the heart of the tortoise.

Gaskell showed that the efferent vasoconstrictor fibers of the heart originated from the lateral horn of the spinal cord.

1883 –1884

#831

On the electrical phemomena of the excitatory process in the heart of the frog and of the tortoise, as investigated photographically.

See No. 824. This paper contains several tracings of the heart's electrical activity recorded with a capillary electrometer, the earliest graphic recorder of bioelectric signals. These were the "first undistorted trac…

1883

#832

The direct influence of gradual variations of temperature upon the rate of beat of the dog’s heart.

Martin was among the first to study the effect of temperature changes upon the isolated heart.

1883

#502.1

Récherches sur la maturation de l’oeuf, la fécondation et la division cellulaire.

This work extended Hertwig’s work on fertilization (No. 495) down to the level of chromosomes, which were clearly visible in Ascaris after the sperm and egg united.

1883

#503

Untersuchungen über Bastardirung der anuren Batrachier und die Principien der Zeugung.

Pflüger was one of the earliest workers in the field of experimental embryology. Above, his first work on the subject, deals with the cross fertilization of different species of frog.

1883

#1279

On the influence of the galvanic current on the excitability of the motor nerves of man.

1883

#1875

Grundriss der Arzneimittellehre.

Schmiedeberg, leading German pharmacologist, was professor at Dorpat and Strasburg. Among his many valuable investigations may be mentioned his study of the effect of drugs on the circulation.

1884

#1572

Doctrines of the circulation.

1884 –1889

#784

Das Venensystem des menschlichen Körpers. 2 pts. and atlas.

Like Braune’s other anatomical works, this is notable for its excellent illustrations.