Europe
6,838 entries published in Europe.
1598
#10727
Discvrsos del amparo de los legitimos pobres.
A plan for a state-funded public health system and poor relief program. An emblem introduces each of the ten essays, which treat hospital sanitation and kitchen gardens, care of disabled veterans, prisoners and the in…
1598
#12829
Discursos del amparo de los legitimos pobres y reduccion de los fingidos, y de la fundacion y principio de los albergues destos Reynos, y amparo de la milicia dellos.
In this rather utopian work with emblematic illustrations Pérez presented a plan for a state funded public health system and poor relief program. His ten essays concerned hospital sanitation, kitchen gardens, care of …
1598
#13347
Onomatologia, seu nomenclatura stirpium quae in Horto Regio Monspeliensi recens constructo coluntur.
The first catalogue of medicinal plants in the Jardin des plantes de Montpellier, founded by Richer de Belleval in 1593. This was the first medical botanical garden in France. Reprinted in Opuscules de Pierre Richer d…
1599 –1667
#290
Opera omnia. 13 vols.
Aldrovandi, first director of the botanical garden at Bologna, was a prolific writer. Some of his writings made their first appearance in print after his death. He designed them as a whole to form an enormous illustra…
1599
#7553
Dell'historia naturale di Ferrante Imperato napolitano Libri XXVIII. Nella quale ordinatamente si tratta della diversa condition di miniere, e pietre. Con alcune historie di piante et animali; sin hora non date in luce.
The famous illustration of Imperato's museum or "cabinet of curiosities" published in this work was the first pictorial representation of the natural history research collection formed by Renaissance humanist". The co…
1599
#13240
Hippostologie, c’est a dire, discours des os du cheval.
The first work on equine anatomy published in France. Héroard wrote the work in 1579 and the manuscript was preserved in the library of Château de Chantilly, but it was not published until 1599, one year after the pub…
1600
#2272
Observationum medicarum, rararum, novarum, etc. 2 vols.
Schenck was the greatest compiler of his day. His Observationes form the easiest source-book for the pathological observations of Sylvius, Vesalius, and Columbus, and represent a lifetime of medical reading and experi…
1600 –1601
#1540
De vocis auditusque organis historia anatomica. 2 pts.
Casseri, originally a servant to Fabrizio, was personally trained by his employer and eventually succeeded to Fabrizio’s chair of anatomy. Like Fabrizio, who studied the development of the chick for clues to human emb…
1600
#6144.1
De natura partus octomestris adversus vulgatam opinionem libri decem ... In quo absolutissima de humani partus natura cognitio traditur; nimirum de conceptione, articulatione, maturitate, de partuum numero, pariendique terminis ac temporibus; utrum ante septimum mensem, ac post decimum, undecimique initium partus naturaliter edi possit. De septimestri, nonomestri, decimestri, undecimestrique partu, deque veris horum omnium causis plenissime Aristotele duce disputatur ... Item ejusdem auctoris compendiosa de eodem partu disceptatio ...
An encyclopedic work on ancient and contemporary medical, scientific and juridical opinion on premature birth and the period of gestation. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
1601
#2194
De praesagienda vita et morte aegrotantium.
A classical work on prognosis. English translation, London, 1746.
1601
#13812
Rariorum plantarum historia.
Describing approximately 100 new species, the Rariorum plantarum historia gathers accounts from Clusius’s earlier botanical tours of Spain (Rariorum aliquot stirpium per Hispanias observatarum historia, 1576) and Aust…
1602 –1603
#2195
Praxeos seu de cognoscendis, praedicendis, praecavendis, curandisque affectibus homini incommodantibus. 2 vols.
The first attempt at a classification of diseases according to symptoms. Over a period of 50 years Platter dissected more than 300 bodies and made many observations of value to pathological anatomy.
1602
#1719
De relationibus medicorum libri quatuor. In quibus ea omnia, quae in forensibus, ac publicis causis medici referre solent, plenissime traduntur.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
1603
#572.1
Methodi vitandorum errorum omnium, qui in arte medica…
First mention of Santorio’s pulse-clock (“pulsilogium”) and his scale. Through most of the 17th and 18th centuries Santorio’s name was linked with that of Harvey as the greatest figure in physiology and experimental m…
1603
#757
De venarum ostiolis.
Fabricius, teacher of Harvey at Padua, discovered the venous valves, and illustrated them in life-size copperplates in this monograph. He failed to recognize their true function, however, considering their function si…
1603
#1541
In Galeni librum de ossibus.
Ingrassia is by some accredited with the discovery of the stapes; he also observed the sound-conducting capacity of the teeth.
1603
#2726
De pulsibus libri tres nunc primum in lucem editi.
Sassonia emphasized the importance of the pulse in diagnosis, and provided the first recorded description of heart block. Pages 57-61 contain graphic representations of the pulse using dashes of unequal length. Digita…
1603
#3343.1
Opera omnia quinque sectionibus comprehensa.
Demonstration (Cap. I, p. 587-91) that some people who cannot hear by air conduction can do so by bone conduction.
1603
#3805
De generatione stultorum. In his Opera, 2, 174-82.
Paracelsus was the first to note the coincidence of cretinism and endemic goitre. It was not until the 19th century that the possibility of the occurrence of cretinism in adults was entertained. Partial English transl…
1603
#6821
True bill of the vvhole number that hath died at London.
BILL OF MORTALITY
The collection, recording, and publishing of medical statistics in the form of Bills of Mortality began in England as a result of the epidemic of plague in 1592-93. The earliest surviving copy of the Bills of Mortalit…
1603
#11873
De universa mulierum medicina, novo et antehac a nemine tentato ordine opus absolutissimum. Et studiosis omnibus utile, medicis vero pernecessarium. Pars prima theorica. Quatuor comprehensa libris, in quibus cuncta, quae ad mulieribus naturam, anatomen, semen, menstruum,… Pars secunda, sive praxis …. 2 parts in 1.
The first treatise on gynecology written by a Portuguese author, the work was written in two parts: Part one, about theory, was titled De natura mulierum (On female nature) and was divided into four books: (1) Anatomy…
1603
#13553
A brief discourse of a disease called the suffocation of the mother. Written uppon occasion which hath beene of late taken thereby, to suspect possession of an evill spirit, or some such like supernaturall power. Wherin is declared that divers strange actions and passions of the body of man, which the common opinion, are imputed to the Divell, have their true naturall causes, and do accompanie this disease.
Jorden was the first English physician who viewed women accused of witchcraft as unfortunate persons suffering from some medical condition. "Asserting that there were natural causes for their afflictions, Jorden often…
1604
#465
De formato foetu.
Fabricius wrote at great length on embryology, inventing many theories, some of which were false. His illustrations marked a great advance on previous work. Fabricius recorded for the first time the dissection of seve…
1606 –1641
#5570
Observationum et curationum chirurgicarum centuriae. 6 vols.
Fabricius’s most important work; it was the best collection of case-records available for many years. Among other things, Fabricius used a magnet to extract an iron splinter from the eye – an idea suggested to him by …
1606
#6013.1
Gynaeciorum commentarius, de gravidarum parturientium, puerperarum & infantium, cura… Accessit elenchus auctorum in re medica cluentium, qui gynaecia scriptis clararunt & illustrarunt. Opera e studio Joan. Georgii Schenkii …
Schenck compiled the first bibliography of gynecology, entitled Pinax auctorum in re medica, Graecorum, Latinorum priscorum, Arabum Latinobarbarorum, Latinorum recentiorum, tum & peregrinis liniguis cluentium, Exstant…
1607
#2245
De combustionibus.
First book devoted entirely to burns. Fabry was the first to classify burns. Translated into English by John Steer as: Gulielm, Fabricius Hildamus, his experiments in chyrurgerie concerning combustions or burnings mad…
1608
#8002
Il vero modo et ordine per dissegnar tutte le parti et membra del corpo humano.
An entirely etched book of 40 leaves, drawn and etched by Fialetti, this was probably the first printed manual on drawing the human body, as distinct from earlier manuals on anatomy for artists. For further informatio…
1608
#13205
Le Jardin du Roy tres chrestien Henry IV Roy de France et de Navarre dedie a la Royne.
Text by Robin, illustrations by Vallet. "The first important florilegium," (Blunt, The art of botanical illustration, 89-91). Digital facsimile from BnF Gallica at this link.
1609
#3806
De mirabili strumas sanandi.
An early historical record of goitre which du Laurens maintained was contagious. Du Laurens was at one time physician to Henri IV.
1609
#6145
Observations diverses sur la sterilité, perte de fruict, foecondité, accouchements, et maladies des femmes, et enfants nouveaux naiz.
The first book on obstetrics published by a midwife. Louise Bourgeois was accoucheuse to the French court. She was one of the pioneers of scientific midwifery; her Observations was the vade mecum of contemporary midwi…
1609
#6145.1
De l’heureux accouchement des femmes.
Actual origin of the so–called “Mauriceau” manoeuvre, usually credited to Mauriceau (No. 6147). Guillemeau was not only responsible for this technique for delivery of the after coming head so important before the forc…
1609
#7819
Monstrorum historia memorabilis, monstrosa humanorum partuum miracula, stupendis conformationum formulis ab utero materno enata, viuis exemplis, observationibus, & picturis, referens. Accessit analogicum argumentum de monstris brutis, supplementi loco ad observationes medicas Schenckianas edita.
Schenck described nearly 100 human and animal examples, illustrated with engravings by Theodor de Bry (1528-98). Most of the examples are from the 16th century. Not all the cases are teratological in the strictest sen…
1609
#11505
Le iardin, et cabinet poetique de Paul Contant, apoticaire de Poictiers.
Written in verse, this is the first catalogue of a private botanical garden published in France, and the first book that could be called a French catalogue of a natural history museum. Digital facsimile from the Inter…
1610
#5568
Thesaurus chirurgiae.
An anthology of 16th century writers; a good summary of the surgical knowledge of that period.
1611
#380
De anatome corporis humani libri vii.
Guidi, professor of philosophy and medicine at Pisa, discovered the Vidian nerve, the Vidian canal, and the Vidian artery. The above was edited by his nephew.
1612
#572.2
Commentaria in artem medicinalem Galeni.
First printed mention of the air thermometer, an instrument that played a vital part in the creation of static medicine. This device was similar to Galileo’s open-air thermoscope, of which Santorio may have known, but…
1612
#9518
Traité des hermaphrodits parties génitales accouchements des femmes et traitement qui est requis pour les relever en santé, et bien élever leurs enfants. Où sont expliquez la figure des laboureur, et verger du genre humain, signes de pucelage, defloration, conception, et la belle industrie dont use nature en la promotion du concept et plante prolifique.
In 1601 the Rouen physician Duval was summoned by the Rouen parlement to examine Marie Le Marcis, who at the age of 20 had discovered she was a man and had determined to marry, only to be imprisoned for lesbianism and…
1613
#9512
Hortus Eystettensis: Sive, diligens et accurata omnium plantarum, florum, stirpium, ex variis orbis terrae partibus, singulari studio collectarum, quae in celeberrimis viridariis arcem episcopalem ibidem cingentibus, hoc tempore conspiciuntur, delineatio et aduiuum repræsentatio.
"The Hortus Eystettensis is itself a ‘paper museum’, a pictorial record of the flowers grown in the greatest German garden of its time, that of the Prince Bishop of Eichstätt, Johann Conrad von Gemmingen. As part of a…
1613
#13260
Opticorum libri sex philosophis juxta ac mathematicis utiles.
This work, beautifully printed by the Plantin-Moretus Press, includes an engraved title page and illustrations heading each chapter by Peter Paul Rubens. It contains one of the first studies of binocular vision. Digit…
1614
#573
Ars…de statica medicina aphorismorum sectionibus septem comprehensa.
This collection of aphorisms is the work by which Santorio’s ideas became widely known. Santorio used a beam balance to measure metabolism. See also nos. 572.1 & 572.2. For description of his experiments, see No. 2668…
1614
#2119
Consilium Peripneumoniacum: Das ist Ein getrewer Rath in der beschwerlichen Berg und Lungensucht : darinnen verfasset, was die fürnemsten Ursachen seyn beyderley Beschwerungen, beydes der gifftigen, die vom Bergwerck entstehet: so wol der gemeinen, die von Flüssen herrühret: Zuvor aber, wie der Mensch mit der kleinen Welt, und mit dem Bergwerck artlich zu vergleichen, und wie beyde Suchten zu vertreiben seyn.
Martin Pansa, a pupil of Georg Agricola, wrote the most important work on occupational disease before Ramazzini. He described the symptoms of the lung diseases of miners and smelters. Digital facsimile from the Bayeri…
1614
#1759
Medicus-politicus: Sive de officiis medico-politicis tractatus.
One of the first “modern” works on medical ethics. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1614
#3789
Observationum in hominis affectibus plerisque, corpori & animo, functionum laesione, dolore, aliave molestia & vitio incommodantibus, libri tres.
First known report of a case of death from hypertrophy of the thymus, in an infant, is reported on p. 172; it is reproduced on p. 239 of J. Ruhräh’s Pediatrics of the past, New York, 1925. Platter first described flex…
1614
#13381
Discours sur les hermaphrodits. Où il est demonstré contre l'opinion commune, qui'il n'y a point de vrays hermaphrodits.
Digital facsimile from BnF Gallica at this link.
1614
#13382
Responce au discours fait par le sieur Riolan docteur en medecine & professeur en chirurgie & pharmacie à Paris, contre l'Histoire de l'hermaphrodit de Rouen.
Digital facsimile from BnF Gallica at this link.
1615
#2142
New Feldt Arztny Buch von Kranckheiten und Schäden, so in Kriegen den Wundartzten gemeinlich fürfallen.
Fabry’s book includes an early description of a field drug chest for army use. He was one of the most eminent surgeons of his time, although not prepared to adopt all the teachings of Paré. He had considerable mechani…
1615
#13123
Microcosmographia [In Greek]. A description of the body of man. Together with the controversies thereto belonging. Collected and translated out of all the best authors of anatomy especially out of Gasper Bauhinus and Andreas Laurentius.
As the title page states, the work was a compilation. There were reissues in 1616 and 1618. The second edition (1631) included an engraved title page with the first illustration of a brain dissection. That edition als…
1616
#534.52
De monstrorum caussis, natura, & differentiis libri duo.
One of the earliest classifications of deformities, Liceti’s work was still under review in works on malformation in the 19th century. Includes both real and imaginary cases. The first of many illustrated editions app…
1616
#2092
De novo et populari apud Pictones dolore colico bilioso diatriba.
Citois described Poitou colic, “colica Pictonum”, in great detail, and it was this description which was responsible for the condition being recognized as a definite syndrome. Partial English translation in No. 2241.
1616
#2143
De rara medicatione vulnerum.
Like Paré, Magati believed that gunshot wounds were not in themselves poisonous. He suggested a bandage moistened with plain water in place of the various salves then in vogue.