Europe
6,838 entries published in Europe.
1567
#4916.1
Von den Kranckheyten so die vernunfft berauben als da sein S. Veyts Thantz…
In this work on the “diseases that deprive man of his reason” Paracelsus anticipated the descriptive method in psychiatry, giving a purely medical account of the clinical manifestations of epilepsy, mania, and hysteri…
1567
#55
Medicae artis principes post Hippocratum et Galenum. Graeci Latinitate donati. Aretaeus, Ruffus Ephesius, Oribasius, Paul Aegineta, Aetius, Alex. Trallianus, Actuarius, Nic. Myrepsus. Latini, Corn. Celsus, Scrib. Largus, Marcell. Empiricus. Aliique praterea, quorum unius nomen ignoratur. Index non solum copiosus, sed etiam ordine artificioso omnia digest habens. Hippocra. aliquot loci cum Corn. Celsi interpretatione. Henr. Stephani de hac sua editione tetrastichon. Quaerere quos aegri per compita multa solebant, Hospita nunc per me est omnibus una domus. Prima salutiserae medicorum gratia dextrae: Sistenti medicos nonne secunda mihi? 2 vols.
MEDICAE ARTIS PRINCIPES
This collection of Roman, Late Antique, and Byzantine medical works, written after Hippocrates and Galen, was edited and published by Henri Estienne. The unusually worded title page states that it contains Latin trans…
1567
#9053
Secretos de chirurgia, en especial de la enfermedades de morbo-galico y lamparones, y asimismo la manera como se curan los indos las llgas y heridas, y otras pasiones en las Indias, muy útil y provechoso par España, y otros muchos secretos de chirugia hasta ahora no escritos.
Arias de Benevides travelled to the New World where he observed native remedies and reported them in this book. In the book he also described his performance in Mexico City (1561) of the first neurosurgical interventi…
1567
#12711
De podagra libellus incerti auctoris e graeco in latinum conversus. [Edited and translated by Marcus Musurus]. IN: Medicae artis principes post Hippocratum et Galenum. Graeci Latinitate donati. 2 vols.
This Byzantine treatise on gout underwent several editions between the 16th and 18th centuries. The translator Musurus worked with Aldus Manutius in the preparation of several editiones principes. The translation, for…
1568
#3164
Pro magni, et illustr. Terraenovae Ducis fistula, ex levi axilla in thoracis concavum pervia, etc. In P. Ingrassia, Quaestio de purgatione per medicamentum
Vesalius’s consilium to Ingrassia, dated Madrid, 1562, in which he clearly described the operation for empyema (pp. 92-98). Although treatment of empyema by surgery was referred to in classical times, it became unfash…
1568
#9014
Noni medici clarissimi de omnium particularium morborum curatione sic ut febres quoque & tumores praeter naturam complectatur, Liber, nunc primum in lucem editus & summa diligentia conversus per Hieremiam Martium medicum physicum Augustanum. Hieronimus Wolphius Oetingensis ad lectorum.
Nonnus, a Byzantine physician, wrote an outline of medicine dedicated to Emperor Constantine Prophyrogenitus (probably Constantine VII). Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1568
#9664
Deux livres des venins, ausquels il est amplement discouru des bestes venimeuses, thériaques, poisons & contre-poisons, par Jacques Grévin,... Ensemble les oeuvres de Nicandre,... traduictes en vers françois.
Grévin's work "marks the beginning of a new era in biotoxinological studies. With Grévin we see a crude attempt being made to compile systematically and evaluate the total knowledge of toxic organisms which had accrue…
1569
#1986.1
Artis gymnasticae apud antiquos celeberrimae, nostris temporibus ignoratae.
A history, based on extensive study of the classical literature, of the attitudes and practices of the Greeks and Romans concerning diet, hygiene, bathing, and exercise. This is one of the earliest books to discuss th…
1569
#13117
Chirurgie françoise, avec plusieurs figures des instrumens nécessaires pour l'opération manuelle.
Daléchamp, a pupil of Guillaume Rondelet, received his doctorate in medicine from the University of Montpellier in 1547; he settled in Lyons in 1552, where he remained for the rest of his life. His Chirurgie françoise…
1570
#4916.2
De spectris…
This work on ghosts is one of the earliest works on psychic experiences illusions, hallucinations, and delusions. The English translation, London 1572, probably gave Shakespeare some pointers on the behavior of the gh…
1570
#35
Hieronymi Mercurialis Variarum lectionum libri quatuor. In quibus complurium, maximeq́ue medicinae scriptorum infinita paenè loca vel corrupta restituuntur, vel obscura declarantur. Alexandri Tralliani De lumbricis epistola, ejusdem Mercurialis opera, & diligentia Graecè, & Latinè nunc primùm edita ...
Includes the first printed edition of the Greek text and Latin translation by Mercuriale of Alexander's De vermis epistola. Alexander's original description of worms and vermifuges make him the first parasitologist. D…
1570
#9203
De canibus Britannicis liber unus. De rariorum animalium et stirpium historia, liber unus. De libris propriis, liber unus.
Caius, a pioneer naturalist as well as a physician, corresponded with Conrad Gessner, with whom he had made friends while returning from Padua. Caius wrote this study of British dogs to send to Gessner as a contributi…
1570
#12610
El Tratado breve y compendioso sobre la maravillosa obra de la boca y dentadura.
Martinez de Castrillo's second book on dentistry was based on richer clinical and therapeutic experience, and had a great influence in Spain for almost a century. It was partially copied or summarized by doctors, surg…
1571
#755
Peripateticarum quaestionum libri quinque.
Cesalpino preceded Harvey in the discovery of the concept of the circulation, and Harvey must have known of his ideas, but Cesalpino’s idea of the circulation was not supported by convincing experimental work or quant…
1571
#1986.2
De thermis …libri septem. Opus ... in quo agitur de universa aquarum natura, deque differentiis omnibus, ac mistionibus cum terris, cum ignibus, cum metallis, de lacubus, fontibus, fluminibus, de balneis totius orbis, & de methodo medendi per balneas, deque lavationum simul atque exercitationum institutis in admirandis thermis Romanorum....
A comprehensive study of mineral waters, dealing with all the spas of the then-known world. Besides exhaustive coverage of the baths of antiquity and of Bacci’s own time, the work gives considerable attention to wines…
1572 –1573
#1539
Externarum et internarum principalium humani corporis partium tabulae.
Coiter made several important contributions to the study of human anatomy, and was the first to elevate comparative anatomy to the rank of an independent branch of biology. His Externarum et internarum principalium hu…
1572
#3980
De morbis cutaneis, et omnibus corporis humani excrementis tractatus.
The first systematic textbook on diseases of the skin. English translation by R. L. Sutton Jr, Kansas City, Missouri, Lowell Press, 1986. Mercuriali enjoyed a great reputation in his day; he wrote on many medical subj…
1572
#8003
Catalogus bibliothecae.
The catalogue of the private library of the Augsburg physician Jeremias Martius may be the earliest printed catalogue of any private library. It is possible that only one copy survived.
1572
#10937
Opticae thesaurus: Alhazeni Arabis libri septem, nunc primum editi; Eiusdem liber De Crepusculis et nubium ascensionibus. Edited by Friedrich Risner.
The Arab mathematician, astronomer, and physicist of the Islamic Golden Age Alhazen made significant contributions to the principles of optics and the theory of visual perception in his Opticae thesaurus. Risner's edi…
1572
#13547
Instruction sur l'herbe petum ditte en France l'herbe de la Royne ou Medicée: Et sur la racine MECHIOCAN principalement (avec quelques autres simples rares et exquis) exemplaire à manier philosophiquement tous autres vegetaux.
The earliest treatise in French on tobacco, including its usage in medicine, and probably the earliest separate treatise on tobacco in any language. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link. See Bowen,…
1573
#1377.2
De nervis opticis nonnulisque aliis praeter communem opinionem in humano capite observatis.
Varolio described a new method of dissection which enabled him to observe and describe the pons for the first time. By this new method Varolio was able to make some contributions to the knowledge of the course and ter…
1573
#534.51
Deux livres de chirurgie. I. De la generation de l’homme… II. Des monstres tant terrestres que marins avec leurs portraits.
Many reports of real malformations are intermixed with mythical accounts. English translations, 1634, and later. Recent English translation, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1982. Digital facsimile of the 1573 ed…
1573
#4850.4
Chirurgiae Ioannis Andrea a Cruce, Veneti medici libri septem, Quamplurimis instrumentorum imaginibus arti chirurgicae opportunis suis locis exornati, theoricam, practicam ac verissimam experientiam continentes....
Croce improved the instruments for trephination, and published classic woodcuts depicting the operation, including the first illustration of a neurological surgery operation actually taking place. The work is also imp…
1573
#6143
Reformation oder Ordnung für die Hebammen.
Legislation governing the practice of midwifery was introduced in the city of Frankfurt in 1573, Digital facsimile from the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek at this link.
1574
#1479
Anatomici libri II … In altero de musculis, palpebrarum atque oculorum motibus deservientibus, accurate disseritur.
First exact description of the lacrimal duct. Carcano gave the true position of the lacrimal gland and showed the route taken by the tears.
1575
#4964
Examen de ingenios para las ciencias.
Huarte was a distinguished Spanish physician and psychologist. His Examen, which gained for him a European reputation, was the first attempt to show the connection between psychology and physiology. English translatio…
1575
#5565
Les oeuvres de M. Ambroise Paré.
Paré was the greatest of the army surgeons before Larrey. Born in poor circumstances, he became the most famous surgeon in France. He is particularly remembered for his abandonment of boiling oil and the cautery (No. …
1575
#284
Lectiones Gabrielis Falloppi de partibus similaribus humani corporis, ex diversis exemplari eus a Volchero Coiter summa cum diligentia collecta. His accessere diversorum animalium sceletorum explicationes iconibus artificiosis, et genuinis illustratae.
Coiter, a pupil of Fallopius and Eustachius, became town physician of Nuremberg. His book on comparative osteology, contained in his edition of the lectures of Fallopius, extended his studies begun in his work of 1572…
1576
#2193
De febribus opus sane aureum, non magis utile, quam rei medicae profitentibus necessarium. In quo trium sectarum clarissimi medici habentur, qui de hac re egerunt: Nempe Gaeci, Arabes, atque Latini, quorum nomina versa pagina indicabit.
DE FEBRIBUS
An anthology of selected writings on fevers by Greek, Arab and Latin authors, including Hippocrates, Galen, Paul of Aegina, Alexander of Tralles, Aetius, Oribasius, Nonus, Actuarius, Avicenna, Rhazes, Avenzoar, Averro…
1577
#6836
A profitable treatise of the anatomie of mans body.
A small book, of which only two copies survived, at the British Library and Cambridge University. As first shown by J F Payne in 1896, this work is very similar to a manuscript (MS 564) in the Wellcome Library. This m…
1577
#7990
De arte medica infantium libri quatuor. Quorum duo Priores de tuenda eorum sanitate, posteriores de curandis morbis agunt.
An early illustrated work on pediatrics. The three parts of his book deal with the management of the nurse and her milk, the care and feeding of the new-born, and diseases of children, including skin diseases, and cha…
1578
#1819
Tractado de las drogas, y medicinas de las Indias Orientales, con sus plantas debuxadas al bivo.
This is mainly a translation of Garcia d’Orta’s Coloquios (No. 1815) with the addition of some illustrations. Acosta, a Portuguese Jesuit physician and surgeon, travelled to India where he met Garcia d’Orta. Acosta pi…
1578
#5372.1
De febre purpura epidemiali et contagiosa libri duo.
Coytard distinguished between petechial typhus and typhoid.
1579
#2373
A short and profitable treatise touching the cure of the morbus gallicus by unctions.
William Clowes, the greatest of the Elizabethan surgeons, published the first original English treatise on syphilis. It was his first work; it demonstrates the prevalence of the disease at that time (Clowes says that …
1579
#2374
Deluis venereae curatione perfectissima liber.
French translation, Paris, 1879.
1580
#13731
Les statutz et ordonnances royalles faictes par les roys de France, sur l'estat de barbier-chirurgien part tout le royaume de France, et confirmé par le roy Henry III de ce nom, roy de France et de Pologne [Mai 1575-13 août 1578].
The first regulations for barber surgeons published in France. https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb338125216
1581
#56
Medici antique Graeci: Aretaeus, Palladius, Ruffus, Theophilus: Physici & chirurgi. Partim nunquam, partim antea, sed nunc auctiores editi. Omnes a Junio Paulo Crasso Patavino Latio donati. Quibus accesserunt Stephanus Athen & ipsius Crassi Quaestiones medicae & naturales.
An anthology of ancient Greek and more recent medical texts edited by Crassi. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
1581
#6236
Traitte nouveau de l’hysterotomotokie, ou enfantement caesarien.
Rousset records 15 successful Caesarean sections carried out by various persons during the preceding 80 years.
1582
#3668.3
Recherche de la vraye anathomie des dents, nature et propriété d’icelles.
The first French book on dentistry.
1582
#7327
Aigentlich Beschreibung der Raiss, so er vor diser Zeit gegen Auffgang inn die Morgenländer, fürnemlich Syriam, Iudaeam, Arabiam, Mesopotamiam, Babyloniam, Assyriam, Armeniam etc....
Rauwolf provided the first modern descriptions of the flora of the area east of the Levantine coast. He was also the first to describe the riparian flora of the Euphrates, and the first European to publish an account …
1582
#7565
Aliquot notae in Garciae aromatum historiam. Eiusdem descriptiones nonnullarum stirpium, & aliarum exoticarum rerum, que à generoso viro Franciso Drake quite Anglo, & his obseruatae sunt, qui eum in long illa nauigatione, qu proximis annis vniuersum orbem circumiuits ....
Botany of the circumnavigation of Sir Francis Drake. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1583
#5817
̓Oφθαλμоδоύλεια das ist, Augendienst.
In this treatise on ophthalmic surgery Bartisch, who limited his practice to ophthalmology and hernia repair, left the first extensively illustrated account of any surgical specialty. Bartisch was a skilful operator a…
1583
#8940
De plantis libri XVI.
Cesalpino developed the first scientific classification system for flowering plants. "Unlike the "herbals" of that period, it contains no illustrations. The first section, including thirty pages of the work, is the pa…
1584
#4917
The discoverie of witchcraft.
Scot identified as mentally ill a large group of people who had hitherto been considered to be involved in witchcraft.
1584
#7555
De reconditis et praecipuis collectaneis ab honestissimo et solertissimo Francisco Calceolario Veronensi in Musaeo adservatis, Joannis Baptistae Olivi medici testificatio.
Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1584
#9654
Discorsi intorno al sanguinar i corpi humani, il modo di ataccare le sanguisuche e ventose e far frittioni e vescicatorii con buoni et utili avertimenti.
Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1584
#12946
Observationes medicae de capite humano: Hoc est, exempla capitis morborum , causarum signorum, evetuum, curationum, ut singularia, sic abdita & monstrosa, ex clariss. medicorum, veterum simul & recentiorum scriptis.
This work Schenck described his personal observations of language disorders, along with the observations of other physicians. He has been called a pioneer of neurolinguistics. Digital facsimile from Google Books at th…
1585
#5818
Traité des maladies de l’oeil.
The first French work on ophthalmology. Guillemeau was a pupil and son-in-law of Ambroise Paré; his book was an epitome of the existing knowledge on the subject, chiefly from Greek and Arabian sources. English transla…
1585
#7595
Anatomicae praelectiones.
First description of a clear distinction between what is now known as gray and white matter in the central nervous system. The work also includes the first attempt to illustrate the brain in a sagittal view. The nine …
1585
#10959
Herbario nuovo...con figure, che rappresentano le vive piante, che nascondo in tutta Europa, & nell' Indie Orientali, & Occidentali.
Durante, physician to Pope Sixtus V, published this encyclopedia of medicinal plants from Europe and the East and West Indies, illustrated with woodcuts by Leonardo Parasole. The work contains discussions of the habit…