1840–1849
472 entries with publication dates in this decade.
1848 –1850
#64
The works of Thomas Sydenham. Translated from the Latin edition of Dr. Greenhill with a life of the author by R.G. Latham. 2 vols.
Best English translation of Sydenham’s works.
1848
#1861
Vorläufige Notiz über eine neue organische Base im Opium.
Isolation of papaverine.
1848
#3563
Disease of the appendix caeci cured by operation.
First recorded successful operation for peritonitis due to abscess in the appendix. Hancock was surgeon to Charing Cross Hospital, London.
1848
#2979
Untersuchungen über die Natur der krankhaften Veränderungen der Arterienwände, die als Ursachen der spontanen Aneurysmen zu betrachten sind.
1848 –1849
#3450
On the existence of Entophyta in healthy animals, as a natural condition.
Discovery of the bacterial flora of the intestines.
1848
#4326
On a new substance occurring in the urine of a patient with mollities ossium.
Bence Jones described the myelopathic albumosuria (Bence Jones proteinuria) seen in Macintyre’s patient (No. 4327). Preliminary notes in Lancet, 1847, 2, 88, and Proc. roy. Soc. Lond., 1847, 5, 673.
1848
#3683
A course of lectures on dental physiology and surgery.
Tomes invented a set of anatomically correct forceps for tooth extraction, thereby elevating this device, which had been previously neglected, to dentistry’s most important extraction instrument. This book was revised…
1848
#5730
Ether and chloroform: a compendium of their history, surgical use, dangers and discovery.
Bigelow’s speedy publication of Morton’s discovery (No. 5651), and his subsequent advocacy of ether as an anesthetic assured its adoption throughout the civilized world. The above work deals with the priority claims o…
1848
#5599
Contributions to the pathology and practice of surgery.
Syme, one-time colleague of Liston, succeeded to the latter’s extensive practice in Scotland. He came to London for a short time as Professor of Surgery at University College, but soon returned to Scotland. He was a p…
1848
#5661
A treatise on etherization in childbirth.
Channing was an early advocate of anesthesia in obstetrics. In his book, and in several earlier papers, he brought the importance of this branch of anesthesia into the foreground.
1848
#5662
Die Versuche mit dem Schwefeläther, Salzäther und Chloroform.
Introduction of ethyl chloride in anesthesia.
1848
#5663
On the inhalation of chloroform and ether. With description of an apparatus.
Snow’s chloroform inhaler.
1848
#5441
A treatise on the smallpox and measles. Translated from the Arabic by William Alexander Greenhill.
Rhazes differentiated measles from smallpox. Reprinted in Med. Classics, 1939, 4, 22-84. For original publication see No. 5404. The first English translation appeared in No. 5417. Digital facsimile from the Internet A…
1848
#5454
Yellow fever contrasted with bilious fever – reasons for believing it a disease sui generis – its mode of propagation – remote cause – probable insect or animalcular origin.
Nott advanced the theory that yellow fever was caused by minute animalcula. Reproduced in part in R. H. Major, Classic descriptions of disease, 3rd ed., 1945, p. 122.
1848
#6334
Lectures on the diseases of infancy and childhood.
In its day this was the best English work on the subject, and was translated into several languages. West was one of the founders of the Hospital for Sick Children, Gt. Ormond Street, London.
1848 –1854
#270
Het mikroskoop, deszelfs gebruik, Geschiedenis en tegewoordige Toestand. Eeen handbooek voor natuur - en geneeskundigen. 4 vols.
Exhaustive history of the microscope. The work was translated into German, appearing (second edition) in 1866; this last was reprinted Amsterdam, 3 vols., 1970. Digital facsimile of the first edition in Dutch from wel…
1848
#4495
Observations on certain pathological conditions of the blood and urine in gout, rheumatism and Bright’s disease.
The “thread test” in gout was introduced by Garrod. Later he wrote more fully on gout and rheumatism (see No. 4497).
1848 –1854
#7092
Bibliographia zoologiae et geologiae. A general catalogue of all books, tracts, and memoirs on zoology and geology by Louis Agassiz. Corrected, enlarged and edited by H. E. Strickland. 4 vols. Vol. 4 edited by Strickland and Jardine.
Digital facsimile of the 4 vols. from the Hathi Trust at this link.
1848
#7314
Die Hautkrankheiten durch anatomische Untersuchungen erläutert.
The first textbook of dermatopathology. "Simon dated the preface of his book April 1st, 1848 and wrote (p. vi and vii) that much has been achieved by meticulous clinical description of diseases of the skin but now att…
1848
#7318
Beiträge zur Anatomie und Pathologie der menschlichen Haut.
Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.
1848 –1851
#7495
Selecta praxis medico-chirurgicae quam Mosquae exercet Alexander Auvert, ...Typis et figuris expressa Parisiis, moderante Ambroise Tardieu.
Auvert was professor in Moscow. This folio atlas includes 120 folio plates of pathology subjects, drawn by Schtschegoleff in Moscow. The text is in Latin throughout. The drawings were engraved in Paris by Oudet, print…
1848
#10056
Code of ethics of the American Medical Association. Adopted May 1847.
Heavily influenced by Percival's work, the AMA's code of ethics was written by Isaac Hayes. The first leaf of this 30-page pamphlet indicates that it was "Printed for Private Distribution by the Philadelphia Delegatio…
1848
#10176
The dodo and its kindred; Or, the history, affinities, and osteology of the dodo, solitaire, and other extinct birds of the islands Mauritius, Rodriguez and Bourbon.
The first separate monograph on the dodo, an extinct flightless bird that was endemic to the island of Mauritius, east of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean. "The closest genetic relative to the dodo was the also extinct …
1848
#10729
Poisons in relation to medical jurisprudence and medicine.
Taylor was the leading English toxicologist and medical witness of his time, and his works were revised, edited, and translated into other languages. He "performed an invaluable service in codifying legal precedents a…
1848
#11727
Etherization: With surgical remarks.
Warren performed the first surgical operation under anesthesia at Massachusetts General Hospital on October 16, 1846. This work presents his experience with anesthesia in the year following. Digital facsimile from U.S…
1848
#12083
Mittheilungen über die in Oberschlesien herrschende Typhus-Epidemie.
Virchow was one of the first to identify medicine as a social science. He developed a theory of epidemics that emphasized the social circumstances permitting spread of illness. This approach has been called sociologic…
1849
#4460
On amputation at the ankle-joint by internal lateral flap.
“Mackenzie’s operation”, a modification of Syme’s amputation (No. 4459). Mackenzie volunteered for service in the Crimean War and died of Asiatic cholera near Sebastopol.
1849
#932
Recherches chimiques sur la respiration des animaux des diverses classes.
First determination of the respiratory quotient.
1849
#4529
A treatise on the pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of neuroma.
Smith’s large and beautifully illustrated atlas contains the first clear description and illustration of neurofibromatosis, published 33 years before von Recklinghausen’s account of the disorder (see No. 4566). This d…
1849
#996
Du sue pancréatique et de son rôle dans les phénomenès de la digestion.
Discovery of the digestive action of the pancreatic juice, especially its role in the digestion and absorption of fats. Reprinted, with translation, in Med. Classics, 1939, 3, 581-617.
1849
#682
Ueber die endosmotischen Aequivalent und die endosmotische Theorie.
In this development of his theory of urinary secretion (see No. 1232) Ludwig made important observations on endosmosis.
1849
#683
Sur un réactif propre aux composés protéiques.
Millon discovered a special reagent for proteids.
1849
#14
The genuine works of Hippocrates. Translated from the Greek with a preliminary discourse and annotations by Francis Adams. 2 vols.
![HIPPOCRATES, [Ἱπποκράτης; Hippocrates of Kos] (-460 – -370)](/media/portraits/50)
Francis Adams, surgeon of Banchory, Scotland, prepared this partial translation to acquaint his contemporaries with “the opinions of an author, whom I verily believe to be the highest exemplar of professional excellen…
1849
#4692
Ueber Hirnsklerose.
First important account of multiple sclerosis. Carswell (No. 2291) and Cruveilhier (No. 2286) both gave illustrations of the disease; the latter is also accredited with the first description.
1849
#1106
De cursu lymphae in vasis lymphaticis.
Noll advanced the theory that lymph is formed by the diffusion of fluids from the blood through the vessel walls into the surrounding tissues.
1849
#4732
Recherches faites à l’aide du galvanisme sur l’état de la contractilité et de la sensibilité électro-musculaires dans les paralysies des membres superieures.
“Aran–Duchenne disease”, progressive muscular atrophy, with which the name of Cruveilhier is also associated. A fuller account is included in Duchenne’s Électrisation localisée, 1861, 437-547.
1849
#1176
Transplantation der Hoden.
Berthold showed that transplantation of a cock’s testes to another part of the body prevented atrophy of the comb, the usual sequel to castration. He was thus the first to prove the existence of an internal secretion.…
1849
#534.61
Tabulae ad illustrandam embryogenes in hominis et mammalium tam naturalem quam abnormem.
The 100 plates of this volume contain some of the most accurate and beautiful depictions of human and animal malformations ever published. Text in Dutch and Latin. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1849
#1221
Ueber das Ligamentum pelvoprostaticum oder den Apparat, durch welchen die Harnblase, die Prostata und die Harnröhre an den untern Beckenöffnung befestigt sind.
The “cave of Retzius” described.
1849
#1505
Lectures on the parts concerned in the operations on the eye, and on the structure of the retina.
Bowman did more than any other man to advance ophthalmic surgery in England. The above work is the first to include a sound description of the microscopical anatomy of the eye and the ciliary (“Bowman’s”) muscle. The …
1849
#2123.2
Mémoire sur les modifications physiques et chimiques que détermine dans certaines parties du corps l’exercice des diverse professions, pour servir à la recherche médico-légale de l’identité.
In this comprehensive work on occupational marks, Tardieu states that Corvisart, Dupuytren, and Trousseau would take pride in identifying the professions of their patients at first sight, using knowledge of occupation…
1849
#3118
Anaemia; disease of the supra-renal capsules.
Addison included a classic description of pernicious (Addisonian) anemia in his papers on the condition later known as “Addison’s disease”. Although preceded by Combe, his account was more important in bringing the di…
1849
#3368.2
Mémoire sur l’emploi de la fourchette tonique ou du diapason, pour distinguer une dureté d’ouïe nerveuse de celle que est causée par une obstruction.
Schwabach’s hearing test (see No. 3389) was earlier employed by Schmalz.
1849
#3451
Opération de gastrostomie pratiquée pour la première fois le 13 novembre 1849.
First gastrostomy.
1849
#5106
On the pathology and mode of communication of the cholera.
Snow first became interested in cholera at Newcastle-on-Tyne during the epidemic of 1831-1832, and recurrent outbreaks of the disease gave him the opportunity to investigate it in detail. His paper on cholera, publish…
1849
#5183.1
Fragments d’helminthologie et de physiologie microscopique.
First observations of entozoic amoebae.
1849
#5027
On typhoid and typhus fevers, – an attempt to determine the question of their identity or non-identity, by an analysis of the symptoms, and of the appearances found after death in 66 fatal cases observed at the London Fever Hospital from Jan. 1847–Feb. 1849.
Despite Stewart’s work, there was still controversy as to the identity of typhoid and typhus. Jenner’s paper demonstrated that the etiology of the two was quite different, that one did not communicate or protect again…
1849
#5664
An account of the first use of sulphuric ether by inhalation as an anaesthetic in surgical operations.
There is no doubt that Long was the first successfully to use ether vapor as an anesthetic. This was on 30 March 1842, at Jefferson, Georgia. Unfortunately he did not publish his results until others, notably Morton, …
1849
#6177
The heart-clot.
Meigs drew attention to embolism as a cause of sudden death in childbed. Previously such deaths had been attributed to syncope.
1849
#5216
Mémoire sur l’esthioméne, ou dartre rongeante de la région vulvo-anale.
Huguier gave the name esthiomène to the characteristic induration and discoloration of the affected parts in lymphogranuloma venereum.