1850–1859
501 entries with publication dates in this decade.
1859
#621
Untersuchungen über die Physiologie des Electrotonus.
One of the most interesting works of its time on the physiology of nerve. In it Pflüger first stated the laws governing the make and break stimulation of nerve with the galvanic current. Pflüger was a pupil of Müller …
1859
#1002
Mémoire sur un point d’anatomie pathologique relatif à l’histoire de la cirrhose.
“Sappey’s veins” in the falciform ligament of the liver.
1859 –1864
#70
Oeuvres médico-philosophiques et pratiques. 6 vols.
Stahl was responsible for the re-introduction of the idea of a “sensitive soul”, propounded by van Helmont. The Stahlian “animism” considered the body to be composed of passive or “dead” substance, which became animat…
1859
#2181
Historische Studien über die Beurtheilung und Behandlung der Schusswunden vom fünfzehnten Jahrhundert bis auf die neueste Zeit.
English translation in Yale J. Biol. Med., 1931, 4, 16-36, 119-48, 225-57; reprinted in book form, New Haven, 1933.
1859
#4815
Bau und Functionen der Medulla spinalis und oblongata, und nächste Ursache und rationelle Behandlung der Epilepsie.
The work of Schroeder van der Kolk brought histological examination to the forefront in connection with theories on the localization of function. His careful microscopical studies confirmed the medulla as being the ul…
1859
#1611
Notes on hospitals.
Includes four plans of hospitals. A third edition, completely revised, was published by Longmans, Green & Co., London, 1863.
1859
#1234.1
Leçons sur les propriétés physiologiques et les altérations pathologiques des liquides de l’organisme.
Bernard was the first to describe an effect of the renal nerves on urine flow.
1859
#1464
Ueber ein wichtiges psychophysisches Grundgesetz und dessen Beziehung zur Schätzung der Sterngrössen.
Fechner–Weber law on stimulus and sensation. See also Nos. 1457 & 4972.
1859
#2248
Remarks upon a tabular return (No. 1), or synopsis of sixteen cases of heat-apoplexy.
Longmore was an army surgeon in India; he gave an excellent account of heat-stroke.
1859
#2473
Nouveaux faits pour server à l’histoire de la levure lactique.
This and the preceding entry mark Pasteur’s commencement of the study of fermentation. This paper described Pasteur’s method of cultivating micro-organisms in a medium free of organic nitrogen to produce fermentations…
1859
#4842
Traité clinique et thérapeutique de l’hystérie.
Includes, p. 297, first description of ataxia analgica hysterica (“Briquet’s ataxia”), and p. 475, hysterical paralysis of the diaphragm with dyspnoea and aphonia (“Briquet’s syndrome”).
1859
#219
On the tendency of species to form varieties: and on the perpetuation of varieties and species by natural means of selection.
The first printed exposition of the “Darwinian” theory of evolution by natural selection. Had not Wallace independently discovered the theory of natural selection, it is possible that the extremely cautious Darwin mig…
1859
#220
On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life.
Prepared under the advice of Lyell and Hooker, and brought to press soon after publication of the joint paper by Darwin and Wallace (No. 219), this was Darwin’s greatest work and one of the most important books ever p…
1859
#3718
Ueber akute Rachitis.
Möller was the first to describe the acute form of rickets combined with scurvy now associated with the name of Barlow (No. 3720).
1859
#3332
Ueber die Inspektion des Cavum pharyngo-nasale und der Nasenhöhle durch Choanen vermittelstkleiner Spiegel.
Czermak’s method of exploring the nose and nasopharynx with small mirrors.
1859
#2761.1
Fall af ruptura cordis.
An important account of myocardial infarction, with a histological finding of myocardial necrosis. Abbreviated translation, in German, in Acta med. scand., 1930, 73, 448-50.
1859
#3819
Untersuchungen über die Zuckerbildung in der Leber und den Einfluss des Nervensystems auf die Erzeugung des Diabetes.
Schiff’s reports on his experimental thyroidectomies, which were attended with fatal results. Subsequently (Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak., 1884, 18, 25) he showed that intra-abdominal transplantation of the gland would ob…
1859
#2905
Sur la claudication intermittente.
Charcot was among the first to report intermittent claudication in man.
1859
#3913
Lieber das Alcapton; ein neuer Beitrag zur Frage: welche Stoffe des Harns können Kupferreduction bewirken?
Excretion of homogentisic acid (in alkaptonuria) first described.
1859
#3458
The diseases of the stomach.
Includes (pp. 310-31) original description of linitis plastica (“Brinton’s disease”). Brinton lectured on physiology and forensic medicine at St. Thomas’s Hospital.
1859
#3459
Commentatio de fistulis ventriculi externis et chirurgica earum sanatione.
First operation for gastric fistula.
1859
#4170
Plastic operation for exstrophy of the bladder in the male; reported by S. D. Gross.
Pancoast performed the first successful operation for exstrophy of the bladder (ectopia vesicae).
1859
#5791
Geschichte der Chirurgie von den Urzeiten bis zu Anfang des achtzehnten Jahrhunderts.
1859
#5606
Traite pratique de la suppuration et du drainage chirurgical. 2 vols.
Chassaignac, who introduced india-rubber tubes to drain abscesses, put the whole subject of surgical drainage on a scientific and methodical footing.
1859
#5607
A system of surgery; pathological, diagnostic, therapeutic, and operative. 2 vols.
A profound intellect in 19th-century American surgery, Gross was both a surgical innovator and an outstanding author of numerous works that became classics. This massive treatise containing nearly 2500 pages was inten…
1859
#5882
Ueber Embolie der Arteria centralis retinae als Ursache plötzlicher Erblindung.
Discovery of embolism of the retinal artery as a cause of sudden blindness.
1859
#5884
Die Krümmung der Homhaut des menschlichen Auges.
Knapp wrote valuable monographs on curvature of the cornea (above) and on intraocular tumours (see No. 5902). He became one of the leading ophthalmologists in America.
1859
#6046
Congenital exstrophy of the urinary bladder, complicated with prolapsus uteri following pregnancy; successfully treated by a new plastic operation.
First successful plastic operation for exstrophy of the female bladder.
1859
#6631.9
Des hommes célèbres dans les sciences et les arts, et des médailles qui consacrent leur souvenir. 2 vols.
Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1859
#6386
Geschichte der Medicin.
1859
#4639
Note sur la paralysie ascendante aiguë
“Landry’s paralysis” – acute infective polyneuritis, more commonly known as Guillain-Barré syndrome. It is difficult to assess the claim of Landry as first to record this condition, since Adolf Kussmaul reported two c…
1859
#7251
Menschliche Ueberreste aus einer Felsengrotte des Düssenthals. Ein Beitrag zur Frage über die Existenz fossiler Menschen.
Fuhlrott’s first detailed account of the “Neanderthal 1” skeleton discovered in 1856 in the Kleine Feldhofer Grotte, located in the Düssel River gorge in southwestern Germany.
1859
#7388
On the construction of life-tables, illustrated by a new life-table of the healthy districts of England.
Preliminary report, describing the use of the Scheutz Engine no. 3, a Babbage-style difference engine, to prepare life tables. The report's table B1, "Life-Table of Healthy English Districts," printed from stereotype …
1859
#7446
On the flora of Australia, its origin, affinities, and distribution; being an introductory essay to the Flora of Tasmania. Offprint from The Botany of the Antarctic Voyage of H. M. Discovery Ships ‘Erebus’ and ‘Terror’, Vol. III (Flora Tasmaniae), part I (June, 1859).
The first important botanical work by a supporter of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection. Hooker, a botanist and plant geographer, had been a close friend of Darwin for many years, and was aware of Darwi…
1859
#7720
The book of nature : containing information for young people who think of getting married: on the philosophy of procreation and sexual intercourse, showing how to prevent conception and to avoid child-bearing : also, rules for management during labor and child-birth.
Possibly the most enlightened, and detailed book on sex, reproduction, and contraception published during this period; illustrated in color. In addition to outlining the era's five most reliable methods of contracepti…
1859
#7935
A practical treatise on diseases, pathology, and treatment of diseases of the heart.
The first major American textbook on cardiology. Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.
1859
#8212
Sketch of the medical topography, or climate and soils, of Bengal and the N.W. Provinces.
Digital facsimile from the internet Archive at this link.
1859 –1870
#9317
Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. 8 vols.
Digital facsimiles from the Hathi Trust at this link.
1859
#9972
The natural history of the European seas. Edited and continued by Robert Godwin-Austen.
Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.
1859
#10891
Original contributions to the practice of conservative surgery; being a selection from the surgical cases occurring in the practice of James G. Beaney.
The first work on surgery written and published in Australia, and one of the first medical works on any subject written and published in Australia.
1859
#11304
Report on the medical topography and epidemics of California.
Logan provided an updated report with the same title in 1865. Digital facsimile of the 1865 report from U.S. National Library of Medicine at this link.
1859
#11364
A manual of operative surgery on the dead body.
Smith's concept was the teaching of surgery in a manner analogous to the teaching of anatomy--i.e. from a cadaver. His book organizes and explains the operations that student surgeons could practice on a cadaver. Digi…
1859 –1933
#11961
Flora capensis: Being a systematic description of the plants of the Cape colony, Caffraria, & Port Natal. 7 vols. in 11.
This work was published over 73 years. Vols. 1-3 were by Harvey and Sonder. The remaining volumes were by "Various Botanists" edited by Thiselton-Dyer, except for Vol. 5, Section 2 (Supplement) edited by Arthur Willia…
1859
#12470
Mammals of North America: The descriptions of species based chiefly on the collections in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution.
An overview of North American mammals in three parts, assembled from two previously published sources. Parts 1 & 2 are continuously paginated. The work consists first of a reprint of the Reports upon the Mammals that …
1859
#12501
Sulle virtù igieniche e medicinali della coca e sugli alimenti nervosi in generale.
After a four-year stay in South America Mantegazza published this report on medical observations on the use of Erythroxylon coca leaves of the populations in the places where he stayed and practiced. He reported that,…
1859 –1864
#12710
Hippocrates et aliorum medicorum veterum reliquiae...edidit Franciscus Zacharias Ermerins. 3 vols.
![HIPPOCRATES, [Ἱπποκράτης; Hippocrates of Kos] (-460 – -370)](/media/portraits/50)
Greek text of the Hippocratic corpus with facing Latin translations. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1859
#12874
Mémoire sur le sang quand il est fluide, pendant qu’il se coagule et lorsqu’il est coagulé.
The first attempt to isolate and describe fibrinogen, the blood protein essential for clotting. “Prosper-Sylvain Denis, in his Mémoire sur le sang (1859), was the first to recognize that plasma contained a clottable s…
1859
#13606
Le chirurgien à l'ambulance ou quelques études pratiques sur les plaies par armes à feu suivies de lettres à un collègue sur les blessés de Palestro, Magenta, Marignan et Solferino.
Appia became one of the original five founders of what was later named the International Committee of the Red Cross. English translation as The ambulance surgeon or practical observations on gunshot wounds, edited by …
1859
#13815
Zoologie médicale exposé méthodique du régne animal basé sur l'anatomie, l'embryologie et la paléontologie comprenant la description des espèces employées en médicine de celles qui sont venimuses et de celles qui sont parasites de l'homme et des animaux. 2 vols.
Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.
1859
#13861
Descriptive catalogue of the specimens of natural history in spirit contained in the museum Vertebrata: Pisces, Reptilia, Aves, Mammalia.
Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.