1565 MONARDES, Nicolás Bautista (1493 – 1588)
Dos libros. El uno trata de todas las cosas que traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales, que sirven al uso de medicina, y como se ha de usar dela rayz del Mechoacan, purga excelentissima. El otro libro, trata de dos medicinas maravillosas que son contra todo veneno, la piedra Bezaar, y la yerva Escuerçonera. Con la cura de los venenados. Do veran muchos secretos de naturaleza y de medicina, con grandes experiencias.
The first treatise on Central and South American medicinal plants, and for many years the most important work on the medicinal plants of the New World. Working from Seville, Spanish doctor Nicolás Monardes managed to …
GMN 1817 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2068
1567 ARIAS DE BENEVIDES, Pedro (1505 – )
Secretos de chirurgia, en especial de la enfermedades de morbo-galico y lamparones, y asimismo la manera como se curan los indos las llgas y heridas, y otras pasiones en las Indias, muy útil y provechoso par España, y otros muchos secretos de chirugia hasta ahora no escritos.
Arias de Benevides travelled to the New World where he observed native remedies and reported them in this book. In the book he also described his performance in Mexico City (1561) of the first neurosurgical interventi…
GMN 9053 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11232
1570 BRAVO, Francisco (1530 – 1594)
Opera medicinalia.
Opera medicinalia was the first medical book printed in the Western Hemisphere, and its botanical images were the first illustrations of plants printed in the Western Hemisphere. Of the original edition only two copie…
GMN 5372 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7014
1578 LÓPEZ DE HINOJOSOS, Alonso (1535 – 1597)
Summa y recopilacion de cirugia, con un arte para sangrar, muy util y provechosa.
Second edition, Mexico, 1595: Summa y recopilacion de cirugia, con un arte para sangrar, y examen de barberos ... va añadido en esta segunda impresion el origen ... de las reumas. López de Hinojos was a barber-surge…
GMN 8023 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10199
1579 FARFAN, Agustin (1531 – 1604)
Tractado breve de anathomia y chirurgia.
Includes some of the first studies of the plants and botanic remedies of the New World. Second edition, Tractado breve de medicina (1592). This is an abridgement of manuscripts left in Mexico by Francisco Hernández. S…
GMN 1819.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2088
1591 CÁRDENAS, Juan de (1563 – 1609)
Primera parte de los problemas y secretos maravillosos de las Indias. (All published).
Includes plant and mineral remedies of New Spain as well as natural history details. See DEUCHLER, W. Juan de Cárdenas. Eim Beitrag zur Geschichte der spanischem Naturbetrachtung und Medizin im Mexiko während des 16. …
GMN 8850 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11028
1607 BARRIOS, Juan de (1562 – 1645)
Verdadera medicina, cirugía y astrologia en tres libros dividida.
Concerns medicine of the Aztecs, etc. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
GMN 8844 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11022
1615 HERNÁNDEZ DE TOLEDO, Francisco (1517 – 1587); XIMÉNEZ, Francisco (1560 – 1620)
Quatro libros. De la naturaleza, y virtudes de las plantas, y animales que estan receuidos en el vso de medicina en la Nueua España, y la methodo, y correccion, y preparacion, que para administrallas se requiere con lo que el doctor Francisco Hernandez escriuio en lengua latina. : Muy vtil para todo genero de gente q[ue] viue en esta[n]cias y pueblos, de no ay medicos, ni botica.Traduzido, y aumentados muchos simples, y compuestos y otros muchos secretos curatiuos, por Fr. Francisco Ximenes....
Physician to Philip II of Spain, Hernández travelled to Mexico by order of the king, and studied the natural history of the region from 1570-77. His Works, which filled six folio volumes of text and 10 volumes of pain…
GMN 1820.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2097
1618 CISNEROS, Diego (1580 – )
Sitio, naturaleza y propriedades de la Ciudad de Mexico: Aguas y vientos a que esta suieta, y tiempos del año. Necessidad de su conocimiento para el exercicio de la medicina, su incertidumbre y difficultad sin el de la astrologia assi para la curacion como para los prognosticos.
The first book printed in Mexico with engraved illustrations.
GMN 9052 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11231
1628 HERNÁNDEZ DE TOLEDO, Francisco (1517 – 1587); RECCHI, Nardo Antonio de ( – 1595)
Rerum medicarum Novae Hispaniae thesaurus, seu, Plantarum animalium mineralium Mexicanorum historia.
This summary of Hemández’s very extensive manuscript account of the natural history of Mexico (see No. 1820.1) was edited by N.A. de Recchi, and published at the expense of Prince Federico Cesi (1585-1630), with notes…
GMN 1821.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2108
1683 MOURÃO, Simão Pinheiro [Morão] (1620 – 1686)
Trattado unico das bexigas, e sarampo, offerecido a D. João de Sousa, composto por Romaõ Mõsia Reinhipo.
One of the first works on medicine practiced in Brazil, published by Mourão under the pseudonym Romaõ Mõsia Reinhipo. Mourão distinguished clearly between smallpox and measles. There was still much confusion in the se…
GMN 8934 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11112
1707 PIMENTA, Miguel Dias (1661 – 1715)
Noticias do que he o achaque do bicho, diffiniçam do seu crestame[n]to, subimento corrupçaõ, sinaes, & cura atè, o quinto grao, ou intensaõ delle, suas differenças, & co[m]plicaços, com que se ajunta.
This book has been "considered by some authors to be the first reference to the chagasic megaesophagus and megacolon that appeared in history. In descriptions considered to refer megaesophagus, although dysphagia, the…
GMN 8938 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11116
1727 SALGADO CÉRON, Marcos José (1671 – 1740)
Cursus medicus Mexicanus juxtà sanguinis circulationem, & alia recentiorum inventa ad usum studentium....Paris prima physiologica [All Published]
The first textbook of physiology published in the Western hemisphere. Digital facsimile from Medical Heritage Library, Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 7362 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9534
1741 GUMILLA, Joseph (1688 – 1750)
El Orinoco ilustrado y defendido. Historia natural, civil y geográfica de este gran río y de sus caudalosas vertientes, govierno, usos, y costumbres de los indios sus habitadores, con nuevas, y utiles noticias de animales, arboles, frutos, aceytes, resinas, yervas, y raices medicinales ...
Inspired by the success of Acosta’s Natural History, Gumilla wrote lush descriptions of native life along the Orinoco River in Venezuela and Colombia. His characterization of local healing practices was informative, b…
GMN 8024 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10200
1769 BANCROFT, Edward (1774 – 1821)
Essay on the natural history of Guiana, in South America. Containing a description of many curious productions in the animal and vegetable systems of that country. Together with an account of the religion, manners, and customs of several tribes of its Indian inhabitants. Interspersed with a variety of literary and medical observations. In several letters....
Bancroft was an English physician who lived for many years in South America. He noted the transmission of yaws by flies (p. 385 of his book). Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 5304 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6554
1794 BALMIS, Francisco Javier de (1793 – 1819)
Demostracion de las eficaces virtudes nuevamente descubiertas en las raices de dos plantas de Nueva-España, especies de ágave y de begónia, para la curacion del vicio venéreo y escrofuloso ...
Balmis conducted experimental trials on the effectiveness of two Mexican plants, agave and begonia, which were believed, according to folk medicine practices in Mexico, to cure syphilis and scrofula. The trials confir…
GMN 8004 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10180
1799 AZEREDO, José Pinto de (1766 – 1810)
Ensaios sobre algumas enfermidades d'Angola....
Azeredo noted that the tropical fevers found in Brazil and Angola were very similar. He claimed to have achieved excellent results with his “new method” of treatment, which included the use of quinine, nux vomica, ars…
GMN 9070 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11249
1803 MOREAU DE LA SARTHE, Jacques-Louis (1771 – 1826); BALMIS, Francisco Javier de (1793 – 1819)
Tratado histórico y práctico de la vacuna que contiene en compendio el orígen y los resultados de las observaciones y experimentos sobre la vacuna, con un exámen imparcial de sus ventajas, y de las objeciones que se le han puesto, con todo lo demás que concierne á la práctica del nuevo modo de inocular. [Translated From the French by] Francisco Xavier de Balmis.
On November 30, 1803 Spanish physician Francisco Javier de Balmis and his team embarked from Spain, on an expedition to vaccinate the people of Spanish America against smallpox. This three year voyage, which became kn…
GMN 8006 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10182
1809 GOMES, Bernardino António (1769 – 1823)
Memoria sobre a canella do Rio de Janeiro offerecida ao Principe do Brazil nosso senhor: pelo Senado da Camara da mesma cidade no anno de 1798.
The earliest monograph on medicine published in Brazil. Digital facsimile from the U.S. National Library of Medicine at this link.
GMN 9064 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11243
1854 BEAUPERTHUY, Louis-Daniel (1807 – 1871)
Fiebre amarilla.
Beauperthuy was the first protagonist of the mosquito theory of the transmission of yellow fever. Reprinted in Beauperthuy’s La Obra, Caracas, 1963, pp. 260-70; French translation in Travaux scientifiques de Louis-Dan…
GMN 5454.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7539
1860 POMPA, Gerónimo
Colección de medicamentos indigenas y sus aplicaciones, estraidos de los reinos vegetal, mineral y animal, recogidos y anotados por [...], segunda edición corregida y aumentada.
Digital facsimile of the 5th edition (1875) from the National Library of Medicine, Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 8971 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11150
1861 JOURDANET, Denis (1815 – 1892)
Les altitudes de l’Amérique tropicale comparées au niveau des mers au point de vue de la constitution médicale.
Jourdanet discovered the anoxemia theory of high altitude sickness. See No. 943.1. Digital facsimile of the 1861 edition from bibliotecavirtual.ranm.es at this link.
GMN 935.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/168
1861 JOURDANET, Denis (1815 – 1892)
De Mexique au point de vue de son influence sur la vie de l'homme.
Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.
GMN 8110 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10286
1864 JOURDANET, Denis (1815 – 1892)
Le Mexique et l'Amérique tropicale: climats, hygiène et maladies.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 8109 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10285
1875 JOURDANET, Denis (1815 – 1892)
Influence de la pression de l’air sur la vie de l’homme. Climats d'altitude et climats du montagne. 2 vols.
Jourdanet’s observational work in remote areas of Latin America and Asia produced important evidence for Bert’s proof that altitude sickness is due to anoxemia. In La pression barométrique (No. 944) Bert described how…
GMN 943.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/201
1881 –1882 FINLAY, Carlos Juan (1833 – 1915)
El mosquito hipoteticamente considerado como agente de transmisión de la fiebre amarilla.
Finlay was the first to suggest that the Aedes aegypti mosquito was the vector of yellow fever. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link. English translation by Rudolph Matas as "The mosquito hypothetically co…
GMN 5455 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7549
1886 –1888 FLORES Y TRONCOSO, Francisco De Asís (1852 – 1931)
Historia de la medicina en México desde la epoca de los Indios hasta la presente. 3 vols.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 6597 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8513
1886 LÉON CALDÉRON, Nicolas (1859 – 1929)
Apuntes para la historia de la medicina en Michoacán desde los tiempos Pre-Colombianos hasta el año 1875.
GMN 8848 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11026
1887 LÉON CALDÉRON, Nicolas (1859 – 1929)
Apuntes par la historia de la medicina, cirurgía y obstetricia, en Michoacán desde los tiempos pre-Colombianos, hasta et año 1875.
GMN 8849 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11027
1900 SEEBER, Guillermo Rodolfo (1876 – )
Un nuevo esporozoario parásito del hombre. Dos casos encontrados en pólipos nasales: Tesis presentada para optar al grado de doctor en medicina.
Rhinosporidiosis first described. Digital facsimile from bibliomedicinadigital.fmed.uba.ar at this link.
GMN 4131.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8628
1901 MORTIMER, William Golden (1854 – 1933)
Peru: The history of coca, “the divine plant of the Incas”.
The most comprehensive work on the coca plant and the history of its use by the Incas and their descendants. Reprinted, San Francisco, And/Or Press, 1974.
GMN 2040.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2212
1903 –1910 DOMÍNGUEZ, Juan Aníbal (1876 – 1946)
Datos par la materia médica Argentina. 2 vols. (Vol. 2: Trabajos de Instituto de Farmacología de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Buenos Aires No. 25).
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 8543 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10720
1904 ROGERS, Sir Leonard (1868 – 1962)
Note on the occurrence of Leishman–Donovan bodies in “cachexial fevers” including kala-azar.
Rogers demonstrated the Leishman–Donovan bodies in kala-azar. See also the same journal, 1904, 2, 645-50. At about the same time Bentley reported similar findings in India.
GMN 5299 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6478
1909 CHAGAS, Carlos Justiniano Ribiero (1879 – 1934)
Nova tripanozomiaze humana. Estudos sobre a morfolojia e o ciclo evolutivo do Schizotrypanum cruzi n.gen., n.sp., ajente etiolojico de nova entidade morbida do homen.
Chagas discovered T. cruzi, causal organism in American trypanosomiasis (“Chagas’s disease”). Partial English translation in Kean (No. 2268.1).
GMN 5283 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6345
1909 BARTON, Alberto Leonardo (1870 – 1950)
Descripción de elementos endo-globulares hallados en las enfermos de fiebre verrucosa.
The causal organism of Oroya fever and verruga peruana, endemic in Peru, was named Bartonella bacilliformis after Barton, who was one of the first to observe it.
GMN 5533 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6681
1909 GORGAS, William Crawford (1854 – 1920)
Sanitation of the tropics with special reference to malaria and yellow fever.
GMN 5460 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7564
1911 BRAZIL, Vital (1865 – 1950)
A defensa contra o ophidismo.
Brazil founded the Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, one of the first institutes to produce antivenin sera on a large scale. French translation, 1911. Digital facsimile of the Portuguese edition from Biodiversity Heritag…
GMN 2115 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2623
1911 FRANCO, Roberto; TORO, Gabriel; MARTINEZ, Jorge
Fiebre amarilla y fiebre espiroquetal; endemias y epidemias en Muzo, de 1907 a 1910.
Franco, J. Martínez-Santamaria, and G. Toro-Villa described epidemics of yellow fever spread by mosquitoes other than Ae. aegypti. Later F. L. Soper, et al., Amer. J. Hyg., 1933, 18, 555-87, substantiated this.
GMN 5460.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7567
1913 MIGONE, Luis Enrique (1876 – 1954)
Un cas de kala-azar à Asuncion (Paraguay).
Migone first noted the existence of visceral leishmaniasis in the Americas (Paraguay).
GMN 5300.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6490
1922 MARTIN, Franklin Henry (1857 – 1935)
South America from a surgeon's point of view.
Martin, "Director-General, American College of Surgeons," and Managing Editor, Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, visited South American with William J. Mayo, who wrote the introduction. Digital facsimile from Google…
GMN 8712 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10890
1927 –1952 SCHIAFFINO, Rafael Agustin (1881 – 1955)
Historia de la medicina en el Uruguay. 3 vols.
GMN 6598 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8514
1927 MARTIN, Franklin Henry (1857 – 1935)
South America, amplified to include all of Latin America: The Vandyck Cruise.
Medical visits to Latin America on behalf of the American College of Surgeons, of which Martin was a founder. Includes chapters by William J. Mayo, among others.
GMN 8711 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10889
1937 PARDAL, Ramón (1896 – 1955)
Medicina aborigen americana.
GMN 6464 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7631
1939 RIBEIRO, Leonídio (1893 – 1976)
Brazilian medical contributions.
GMN 6599 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8515
1940 CRUZ, Martin De La; EMMART, Emily Walcott (1898 – ); BADIANO, Juan (1484 – 1552)
The Badianus manuscript. (Codex Barberini, Latin, 241) Vatican Library. An Aztec herbal of 1552. Edited and translated by Emily W. Emmart.
The earliest complete Mexican medical text and the only medical text known to be the work of native Aztecs. Written by an Aztec physician named by the Spanish Martin de la Cruz, and translated into Latin by another na…
GMN 1811.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2009
1944 MOLL, Aristides Alcibiades (1882 – 1964)
Aesculapius in Latin America.
GMN 6600 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8516
1947 SANTOS FILHO, Lycurgo de Castro [Licurgo] (1910 – 1998)
Historia da medicina no Brasil. (Do século XVI ao século XIX). 2 vols.
GMN 6601 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8517
1947 REINA VALENZUELA, José
Bosquejo histórico de la farmacia y la medicina en Honduras.
GMN 6601.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8518
1948 MOLL, Aristides Alcibiades (1882 – 1964)
The Pan American Sanitary Bureau: Its origin, developments and achievements, 1902-1944.
GMN 9024 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11203
1951 LASTRES Y QUINONES, Juan B. (1902 – 1960)
Historia de la medicina Peruna. 3 vols.
GMN 6602 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8519
