1850–1859
501 entries with publication dates in this decade.
1854
#6041
Ueber die Heilung der Blasen-Scheidenfisteln.
Simon is perhaps best remembered as being the first in Europe to excise the kidney; he also wrote a fine monograph on vesico-vaginal fistula.
1854 –1855
#5871
Notiz über die Behandlung der Mydriasis
1854
#6181
On the displacements of the uterus.
“Duncan’s folds”, the peritoneal folds of the uterus. Republished in book form, Edinburgh, 1854. Duncan, a leading Edinburgh obstetrician, became lecturer on the subject at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.
1854
#6182
Difficult labors and their treatment.
Wright was responsible for the introduction of combined cephalic version.
1854
#5454.1
Fiebre amarilla.
Beauperthuy was the first protagonist of the mosquito theory of the transmission of yellow fever. Reprinted in Beauperthuy’s La Obra, Caracas, 1963, pp. 260-70; French translation in Travaux scientifiques de Louis-Dan…
1854
#6261
Schilderungen neuer Beckenformen und ihres Verhaltens im Leben.
First description of pelvis spinosa.
1854
#6262
De spondylolisthesi gravissimae pelvangustiae causa nuper detecta.
An important study of the spondylolisthetic pelvis, which Kilian called “pelvis obtecta”.
1854
#4464
Ueber Resectionen und Amputationen.
1854
#6833
[In Persian script] Cheragh haa rewshenaaa der asewl pezeshekea [Illumination of the fundamentals of medicine].
Issued in 1271 A. H. (1854 CE), this entirely lithographed book introduced Western anatomical illustration to Persian culture. As part of an effort to modernize medical education in Persia, medical textbooks such as M…
1854
#6860
Lectures on the theory and practice of homoeopathy.
A series of lectures given at the London Hahnemann Hospital between 1852 and 1853, presenting an early account of Hahnemann’s life and the development of homeopathy. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this…
1854
#7447
Himalayan journals; or, notes of a naturalist in Bengal, the Sikkim and Nepal Himalayas, the Khasia Mountains, &c. 2 vols.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
1854
#8383
The claims of the Negro, ethnologically considered: An address before the literary societies of Western Reserve College, at commencement, July 12, 1854.
Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.
1854
#8827
Types of mankind: or, ethnological researches based upon the ancient monuments, paintings, sculptures and crania of races, and upon their natural, geographical, philological, and biblical history; illustrated by selections from the indedited papers of Samuel George Morton, and by additional contributions by L. Agassiz, W. Usher, and H. S. Patterson
Nott, a prominent physician and anthropologist in Mobile, Alabama, employed polygenist arguments to justify slavery. This required resoilving the problem of racial hybridity. Polygenists claimed that different races w…
1854
#8892
Dictionnaire d'hygiène publique et de salubrité ou répertoire de toutes les questions relatives à la santé publique, considérées dans leurs rapports avec les subsistances, les épidémies, les professions, les établissements et institutions d'hygiène et de salubrité, complété par le texte des lois, décrets, arrêtés, ordonnances et instructions qui s'y rattachen. 3 vols.
For the second edition (1862) Tardieu expanded the work to 4 volumes. Tardieu described the terrible working conditions of children in factories and mines. He also reported the ill consequences of theses conditions on…
1854 –1857
#8965
Geschichte der Botanik. 4 vols.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
1854
#9116
On the construction, organization and general arrangements of hospitals for the insane.
Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1854
#10130
On the medicinal and toxicological properties of the cryptogamic plants of the United States.
Separate edition: New York: Baker, Godwin & Co, 1854. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1854
#10404
Voyage médical en Californie.
Translated into English by L. Jay Oliva, introduced and annotated by Doyce B. Nunis, Jr. as A medical journey in California (Los Angeles: Zeitlin & Ver Brugge, 1967).
1854
#10439
Histoire de l'électricité médicale, comprenant l'étude des instruments et appareils, le résumé des auteurs, un choix d'observations.
The first history of medical electricity and electrotherapy. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1854
#11549
Notes of M. Bernard's lectures on the blood; with an appendix by Walter F. Atlee.
This record of Bernard's actual lectures contains the first published description of Bernard's technique of right and left heart cathererization, a technique that Bernard invented. The appendix includes notes of lectu…
1854
#12342
Histoire de la découverte de la circulation du sang.
Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link. Revised edition, 1857, of which a digital facsimile is also available from the Hathi Trust at this link. Translated into English by J. C. Reeve as A history of the …
1854
#13337
Le Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle. Histoire de la fondation et les développements successifs de l'établissement; Biographie des hommes célèbres qui y ont contribué par leur enseignement ou par leurs découvertes, histoire des recherches, des voyages, des applications utiles auxquels le muséum a donné lieu, pour les arts, le commerce et l'agriculture; description des galeries, du jardin, des serres et de la ménagerie.
Digital facsimile from BnF Gallica at this link.
1854
#13388
Chemical atlas; or, the chemistry of familiar objects: Exhibiting the general principles of the science in a series of beautifully colored diagrams, and accompanied by explanatory essays, embracing the latest views of the subjects illustrated. Designed for the use of students and pupils in all schools where chemistry is taught.
The diagrams in this pioneering work in information graphics were printed in red and black; a variety of other colors were applied by hand. Digital facsimile from digital.sciencehistory.org at this link.
1854
#13504
Practical observations on the use and abuse of tobacco. Greatly enlarged from the original communication on the effects of tobacco smoking, which appeared in Medical Times and Gazette, August 5, 1854.
Lizars was one of the first to recognize the addictive nature of tobacco and its potential damage to health. Digital facsimile of the 6th edition (1857) from wellcomecollection.org at this link.
1854
#13649
L'Algérie médical: Topographie, climatologie, pathogénie, pathologie, prophylaxie, hygiène, acclimatement et colonisation.
Digital facsimile from BnF Gallica at this link.
1854
#13865
Descriptive catalogue of the fossil organic remains of Reptilia and Pisces contained in the museum of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1854
#14061
Kitab fi tashrih beden al-insan [in Persian; English translation: Anatomy of the human body]. Lithographed text.
The first original Persian-language anatomy textbook based on western medical science, printed in a very small number of copies for the use of Polak’s Persian students. Polak, an Austrian physician, was responsible fo…
1854 –1856
#14196
Oeuvres anatomiques, physiologiques et médicales de Galien. Traduites sur les textes imprimés et manuscrits accompagnées de sommaires, de notes, de planches et d'une table des matières. Précédées d'une introduction ou étude biographique, littéraire et scientifique sur Galien par Charles Daremberg. 2 Volumes.
![GALEN, [Κλαύδιος Γαληνός; Galen of Pergamon] (129 – 216)](/media/portraits/21)
Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.
1855 –1856
#615
Leçons de physiologie expérimentale appliquée à la médecine. 2 vols.
Claude Bernard made strenuous efforts to introduce experimental methods into physiology. The above includes his classic work on the function of the liver, pancreas, and gastric glands. Vol. 1, p. 126: Catheterization …
1855
#1000
Sur le mécanisme de la formation du sucre dans le foie.
The culmination of Bernard’s work on the glycogenic function of the liver. He invented the term “internal secretion” and can be said to have started the scientific investigation of the internal secretions, although fo…
1855 –1871
#417
Handbuch der systematischen Anatomie des Menschen. 3 vols.
Considered by many authorities to be the greatest of the 19th-century systems of anatomy. Many structures are named after Henle, including the looped portion of the uriniferous tubules of the kidney, the layer of cell…
1855 –1869
#422
Medical anatomy: or, illustrations of the relative position and movements of the internal organs. 7 pts.
Sibson was professor of medicine at St. Mary’s Hospital. “Sibson’s fascia” and “muscle” are named after him. Plates 19-21 show movements, structure and sounds of the heart.
1855
#2164
Maximen der Kriegsheilkunst.
A landmark in military surgery, written by the founder of modern military surgery in Germany. Stromeyer, surgeon-general to the army of Hanover, is also notable for his important contributions to orthopedics. See Nos.…
1855
#485
Untersuchungen überdie Entwickelungder Wirbelthiere.
Simplification of von Baer’s classification of the germ-layers.
1855
#1995
De l’électrisation localisée et de son application à la physiologie, à la pathologie, et à la thérapeutique.
Duchenne classified the electrophysiology of the entire muscular system and summed up his findings in the above work. The application of his results to pathological conditions marks him as the founder of electrotherap…
1855
#1995.1
Ueber methodische Electrisirung gelähmter Muskeln.
Discovery of the motor points, the entry points of the nerves into the muscles – essential for stimulating the muscles by electricity.
1855
#1510
Ueber die Bewegung der Iris: Für Physiologen und Ärzte,
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
1855
#1511
Osservazioni sul nervo ottico.
Panizza was the first to attribute the vision function to the posterior cortex.
1855
#1742
Deformities after fractures.
Hamilton was a medical inspector of the U.S. Army and later became Professor of Surgery at Bellevue Hospital. See No. 4420.
1855
#3063
Die Haemophilie oder die Bluterkrankheit.
First full clinical description of hemophilia.
1855
#1969
New method of treating neuralgia by the direct application of opiates to the painful joints.
Wood of Edinburgh was the first (1853) to employ hypodermic injection that used a true syringe and hollow needle as a therapeutic procedure. He referred to his invention as "subcutaneous" rather than hypodermic. See a…
1855
#3370
Beiträge zur Physiologie des menschlichen Ohres.
Rinne’s test.
1855
#3864
On the constitutional and local effects of disease of the supra-renal capsules.
Addison was the first to draw attention to the importance of the adrenals in clinical medicine. The above work first appeared in the Lond. med. Gaz., 1849, 43, 517-18, and was later expanded into book form. It describ…
1855
#4330
Zur Pathologie des menschlichen Fusses.
First description of osteoperiostitis of the metatarsal bones, named “Busquet’s disease” after the latter’s description of it in Rev. Chir. (Paris), 1897, 17, 1065.
1855
#4331
Exsection of the head of the femur and removal of the upper rim of the acetabulum, for morbus coxarius, with perfect recovery.
Resection of the hip for ankylosis.
1855
#3453
Note sur l’emploi du chlorate de potasse dans le traitement de la stomatite ulcéreuse.
Classic description of ulcero-membranous stomatitis and its treatment.
1855
#5107
Unterschungen und Beobachtungen über die Verbreitungsart der Cholera.
Pettenkofer gave much attention to the etiology of cholera. He postulated the theory that a specific germ, certain local conditions, certain seasonal conditions, and certain individual conditions are all necessary for…
1855
#5164
Mikroskopische und mikrochemische Untersuchung des Milzbrandblutes sowie über Wesen und Kurdes Milzbrandes.
Pollender discovered the B. anthracis in 1849, but did not record this fact until 1855. He gave a more exact account of the organism than did Rayer (No. 5163).
1855
#5341
Die in und an dem Körper des lebenden Menschen vorkommenden Parasiten. Ein Lehr- und Handbuch der Diagnose und Behandlung der thierischen und pflanzlichen Parasiten des Menschen. Zum Gebrauche für Studirende der Medicin und der Naturwissenschaften, für Lehrer der Zoologie, Botanik, Physiologie, pathologischen Anatomie und für praktische Ärzte. 2 vols.
English translation of 2nd ed. by Edwin Ray Lankester as On animal and vegetable parasites of the human body: A manual of their natural history, diagnosis, and treatment. 2 vols. London: Sydenham Society, 1857. Digita…
1855 –1856
#5873
Ueber die Coremorphosis als Mittel gegen chronische Iritis und Iridochorioiditis.
Graefe introduced iridectomy in the treatment of iritis and iridochoroiditis.