1821 TIEDEMANN, Friedrich (1781 – 1861)
Icones cerebri simiarum et quorundam mammalium rariorum.
"Although a few more reports were published furing the next hundred years [after Tyson] it was Tiedemann alone who gave a more detailed account, on monkeys, in his... Icones Simiarum.... In monkeys he found the brain …
GMN 9700 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11887
1824 –1842 GEOFFROY SAINT-HILAIRE, Étienne (1772 – 1844); CUVIER, Georges-Frédéric "Frédéric" (1773 – 1838)
Histoire naturelle des mammifères. 4 vols.
Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.
GMN 319 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/161
1824 –1828 SAY, Thomas (1787 – 1834)
American entomology, or descriptions of the insects of North America. Illustrated by coloured figures from original drawings executed from nature. 3 vols.
Plates by Titian Ramsay Peale, H. Bridport, C. A. Lesueur, W. W. Wood, and C. Tiebout; engraved by Tiebout, G. Lang, and Longacre. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 9484 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11668
1824 –1842 FREYCINET, Louis Claude de Caulces de (1779 – 1841); QUOY, Jean René Constant (1790 – 1869); GAIMARD, Joseph Paul (1793 – 1858); GAUDICHAUD-BEAUPRÉ, Charles (1789 – 1854)
Voyage autour du monde, entrepris par ordre du Roi, sous le Ministère et conformément aux instructions de S. Exc. M. le Vicomte du Bouchage, Secrétaire d'État au Département de la Marine, exécuté sur les corvettes de S. M. l'Uranie et la Physicienne, pendant les années 1817, 1818, 1819 et 1820; Publié sous les auspices de S. E. M. Le Comte Corbière, Secrétaire d'État de l'Intérieur, pour la partie historique et les sciences naturelles, et de S.E.M. Le Marquis de Clermont-Tonnerre, Secrétaire d'État de la Marine et des Colonies, pour la partie nautique, par M. Louis de Freycinet. 7 vols [in 10] & Atlas in 4 vols.
In 1817 Freycinet commanded the Uranie, accompanied by marine hydrologist Louis Isidore Duperrey, the artist Jacques Arago, junior draughtsman Adrien Taunay the Younger and others, and a guard of seventeen officers. F…
GMN 11908 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14113
1825 –1828 BONAPARTE, Charles Lucien Jules Laurent, 2nd Prince of Canino (1803 – 1857)
American ornithology; or, the natural history of birds inhabiting the United States, not given by Wilson. 4 vols.
Bonaparte, nephew of Napoleon, set out to document birds in the United States that were not mentioned by Alexander Wilson.
GMN 9499 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11684
1825 DERHEIM, Jean Lambert (1798 – )
Histoire naturelle et médicale des sangsues, contenant la description anatomique des organes de la sangsue officinale, avec des considérations physiologiques sur ces organes; des notions très-étendues sur la conservation domestique de ce ver, sa reproduction, ses maladies, son application, etc.
Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.
GMN 11800 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14002
1826 –1838 DUPERREY, Louis Isidore (1786 – 1865); LESSON, René Primevère (1794 – 1849); DUMONT D'URVILLE, Jules Sébastien César (1790 – 1842); GARNOT, Prosper (1794 – 1838)
Voyage autour du monde, exécuté par ordre du Roi, sur la corvette de Sa Majesté, la Coquille, pendant les années 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825. 6 vols. plus 4 atlases.
Duperrey undertook this circumnavigation under the sponsorship of the French Minister of Marine, to study terrestrial magnetism and meteorology, and to confirm or correct the position of islands and landmarks that wer…
GMN 10437 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/12630
1827 –1838 AUDUBON, John James Laforest (1785 – 1851)
The birds of America. From original drawings by John James Audubon. 4 vols.
Contains 435 hand-colored plates in double elephant folio format, originally issued in 87 parts. The birds of America is widely regarded as the greatest illustrated ornithological work ever published, and one of the g…
GMN 322 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/197
1829 –1837 BOISDUVAL, Jean Baptiste Alphonse Déchauffour de (1799 – 1879); LE CONTE, John Eatton Jr. (1784 – 1860)
Histoire général et iconographie des lepidoptérès et des chenilles de l’Amerique septentrionale.
Includes illustrations from drawings by John Abbot.
GMN 9574 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11761
1829 –1837 RICHARDSON, Sir John (1787 – 1865); SWAINSON, William John (1789 – 1855); KIRBY, William (1759 – 1850)
Fauna Boreali-Americana, or, the zoology of the northern parts of British America: Containing descriptions of the objects of natural history collected on the late northern land expeditions, under command of Captain Sir John Franklin, R.N. 4 vols.
Richardson, surgeon, naturalist and Arctic explorer, was physician and naturalist on Sir John Franklin’s first two Arctic expeditions, and collected a large number of plant and animal specimens from the Canadian Arcti…
GMN 13135 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15393
1830 –1836 SAY, Thomas (1787 – 1834)
American conchology, or descriptions of the shells of North America illustrated from coloured figures from original drawings executed from nature. 7 parts. Parts 1–6: New Harmony, 1830–1834; Part 7: Philadelphia, 1836.
The printer or publisher of part 7 is not identified. Digital facsimile from the Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.
GMN 9485 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11669
1830 EHRENBERG, Christian Gottfried (1795 – 1876)
Organisation, Systematik und geographische Verhältniss der Infusionsthierchen. Zwei Vorträge, in der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin gehalten in den Jahren 1828 und 1830.
In this work Ehrenberg first published his classification of infusioria, including the naming of bacteria for the first time. The work published two papers based on his expeditions. The first, read on January 10, 1828…
GMN 11452 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13651
1831 –1839 AUDUBON, John James Laforest (1785 – 1851); MACGILLIVRAY, William (1796 – 1852)
Ornithological biography, or an account of the habits of the birds of the United States of America; accompanied by descriptions of the objects represented in the work entitled The Birds of America, and interspersed with delineations of American scenery and manners. 5 vols.
This was the text for Aububon's The birds of America. Audubon wrote it with the assistance of William Macgillivray, though he did not credit him on the title page. The text included Audubon's accounts of his travels a…
GMN 12797 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15043
1832 OWEN, Sir Richard (1804 – 1892)
Memoir on the pearly nautilus (Nautilus pompilius, Linn.).
GMN 325 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/167
1832 –1833 RATHKE, Martin Heinrich (1793 – 1860)
Abhandlungen zur Bildungs-und Entwicklungs-Geschichte der Menschen und der Thiere. 2 pts.
Rathke’s most notable discovery was of structures homologous with gill slits in bird and mammalian embryos. He discredited the vertebral theory of the skull.
GMN 480 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1377
1832 –1834 NUTTALL, Thomas (1786 – 1859)
A manual of the ornithology of the United States and of Canada. Vol. 1: The land birds. Vol. 2: The water birds.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 7773 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9945
1832 AELIANUS, Claudius [Κλαύδιος Αἰλιανός] (175 – 235); JACOBS, Friedrich (1764 – 1847)
Aeliani de natura animalium libri septemdecim. Verba ad fidem librorum manuscriptorum constituit et annotationibus illustravit Fridericus Jacobs.
The first modern critical edition of the text, which collated medieval manuscripts against the previous printed editions. Digital facsimile of the 1832 edition from the Internet Archive at this link
GMN 8951 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11130
1832 STEPHENSON, John (1790 – 1864)
Medical zoology, and mineralogy; or, illustrations and descriptions of the animals and minerals employed in medicine and of the preparations derived from them: Including also an account of animal and mineral poisons: With figures coloured from nature.
Includes 42 hand-colored plates. Digital facsimile from the Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.
GMN 9680 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11867
1832 LEAR, Edward (1812 – 1888)
Illustrations of the family of Psittacidæ, or parrots: The greater part of them species hitherto unfigured, containing forty-two lithographic plates, drawn from life, and on stone.
For this work Lear drew portraits of mostly live specimens directly on stone, creating artistic masterpieces that established his reputation as a natural history painter. Lear issued only 175 copies and ran out of fun…
GMN 13354 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15625
1833 AUTENREITH, Hermann Friedrich (1799 – 1874)
Ueber das Gift der Fische: mit vergleichender Berücksichtigung des Giftes von Muscheln, Käse, Gehirn, Fleisch, Fett und Würsten, so wie der sogenannten mechanischen Gifte.
Discusses all then known posionsous and venomous fishes, including freshwater and marine species, and includes a "thorough review of practically all the early literature on poisonous and venomous fishes, a list of all…
GMN 9668 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11855
1833 –1866 JARDINE, Sir William (1800 – 1874)
The naturalist's library. Edited by Sir William Jardine. 40 vols.
"1833, Natural History of Humming Birds, Part I, (Ornithology Vol. VI) by William Jardine, with memoir of Carl Linnaeus. (online) 1833, Monkeys, (Mammalia Vol. I) by William Jardine, with a memoir of Comte de Buffon (…
GMN 10177 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/12366
1834 DEWHURST, William Henry
The natural history of the order Cetacea, and the oceanic inhabitants of the Arctic regions.
Characterizing himself "Surgeon-Accoucheur" on the title page, Dewhurst lectured in 1827-8 on anatomy and physiology, and served as a ship's surgeon, making voyage to Greenland and its surrounding seas in 1824. During…
GMN 10259 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/12450
1834 –1840 MILNE-EDWARDS, Henri (1800 – 1885)
Histoire naturelle des crustacés, comprenant l'anatomie, la physiologie et la classification de ces animaux. 3 vols. + Atlas.
Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.
GMN 12017 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14225
1834 WARREN, John
The conchologist.
The first American manual of conchology. The author, John Warren, was an Englishman who sold shells and other collectibles in Boston as well as to other collectors in the United States. His book organized shells accor…
GMN 12900 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15147
1834 RASPAIL, François-Vincent (1794 – 1878)
Mémoire comparatif sur l'histoire naturelle de l'insecte de la gale.
Raspail first described and illustrated the Sarcoptes scabei, diffrentiating it from the horse's sarcopt and the cheese moth that Galès and Patrix, followed by Alibert, had confused with the scabies parasite. Raspail …
GMN 13415 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15687
1835 OWEN, Sir Richard (1804 – 1892)
On the osteology of the chimpanzee and orang utan.
Owen was the first anatomist, after Petrus Camper, to distinguish decisively between the chimpanzee and the orangutan. He began studying the anatomy of non-human primates in the 1830s, when the Regent’s Park Zoo in Lo…
GMN 14316 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16641
1836 –1840 HOLBROOK, John Edwards (1794 – 1871)
North American herpetology; or, a description of the reptiles inhabiting the United States. 4 vols.
The greatest American book on herpetology, and one of the finest American color plate books on natural history. The fourth volume is particularly rare. Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link…
GMN 326.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/171
1836 LAUGIER DE CHARTROUSE, Guillaume Michel Jérôme Meiffren (1772 – 1843)
Catalogue des oiseaux.
Catalogue of the collection of over 3400 New World, Africa, Asian, Australian and European stuffed birds gather by the ornithologist, botanist and politican, following the order of the display of these specimens in La…
GMN 13037 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15287
1837 LARTET, Édouard (1801 – 1871)
Note sur les ossements fossiles des terrains tertiaires de Simorre, de Sansan, etc., dans le département du Gers, et sur la découverte récente d’une mâchoire de singe fossile.
First published account of the discovery of the first anthropomorphic fossil ape. Lartet's discovery, made in 1836 at Sansan, was the first to challenge Cuvier’s assertion that both humans and apes were products of th…
GMN 7311 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9481
1838 EHRENBERG, Christian Gottfried (1795 – 1876)
Die Infusionsthierchen als vollkommene Organismen. 1 vol. and atlas of 64 hand-colored engraved plates.
In this monumental work in folio format Ehrenberg extended Otto Friedrich Müller’s bacteriological classification. Like Müller, he made no distinction between protozoa and bacteria, classing them both as infusoria. Hi…
GMN 111 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1664
1838 LAUGIER DE CHARTROUSE, Guillaume Michel Jérôme Meiffren (1772 – 1843); TEMMINCK, Coenraad Jacob (1778 – 1858)
Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d'oiseaux, pour servir de suite et de complément aux planches enluminées de Buffon, édition en-folio et in 4to de l'Imprimerie Royale, 1770. Publié par C. J. Temminck. 5 vols.
Though Baron Laugier was responsible for this publication, which was issued over a period of 18 years, but not formally published until 1838, the scientific work has been credited to Temminck. Describes about 800 spec…
GMN 13036 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15286
1839 OWEN, Sir Richard (1804 – 1892); BUCKLAND, William (1784 – 1856); GRAY, John Edward (1800 – 1875); RICHARDSON, Sir John (1787 – 1865); SOWERBY, George Brettingham I (1788 – 1854); VIGORS, Nicolas Aylward (1785 – 1840); LAY, George Tradescant (1800 – 1845); BENNETT, Edward Turner (1797 – 1836); SOWERBY, James De Carle (1787 – 1871); BEECHEY, Frederick William (1796 – 1856)
The zoology of Captain Beechey's voyage; compiled from the collections and notes made by Captain Beechey, the officers and naturalist of the expedition, during a voyage to the Pacific and Behring's Straits performed in His Majesty's Ship Blossom, under the command of Captain F. W. Beechey...in the years 1825, 26, 27, and 28. By J. Richardson, N.A. Vigors, G.T. Lay, E.T. Bennett, Richard Owen, John E. Gray, Rev. W. Buckland, and G. B. Sowerby. Illustrated with upwards of fifty finely coloured plates by Sowerby.
Includes 44 hand-colored plates engraved by J.C. Zeiter and Thomas Landseer after Edward Lear, J. D. C. Sowerby, and J. C. Zeitter, four hand-colored engraved maps and plans (one folding) after E. Belcher. Digital fac…
GMN 11763 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13964
1839 AUDUBON, John James Laforest (1785 – 1851)
A synopsis of the birds of North America.
This was Audubon's extensively annotated systematic index, or a kind of scientific outline, to the double elephant folio, Birds of America. With 359 pages it amounted to a separate work, and could be studied without a…
GMN 13013 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15263
1840 –1843 OWEN, Sir Richard (1804 – 1892); DARWIN, Charles Robert (1809 – 1882); GOULD, John (1804 – 1881); BELL, Thomas (1792 – 1880); WATERHOUSE, George Robert (1810 – 1888); JENYNS, Leonard (1800 – 1893)
The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, under the command of Captain Fitzroy, R. N., during the years 1832 to 1836. Edited by Charles Darwin. 5 pts in 3 vols.
Part 1: Fossil mammalia by Richard Owen; Part 2: Mammalia by George Waterhouse; Part 3: Birds by John Gould; Part 4: Fish by Leonard Jenyns; Part 5: Reptiles by Thomas Bell. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive…
GMN 7437 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9609
1840 –1844 AUDUBON, John James Laforest (1785 – 1851)
The Birds of America, from drawings made in the United States and their territories. 7 vols.
Audubon created 65 new images for the octavo edition, supplementing the original 435 in the double-elephant folio edition of 1827-1838. The resulting series of 500 chromolithographed plates constituted the most extens…
GMN 13112 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15365
1841 –1854 DUMONT D'URVILLE, Jules Sébastien César (1790 – 1842); DUMOUTIER, Pierre-Marie-Alexandre (1797 – 1873); BLANCHARD, Charles Émile (1819 – 1900); JACQUINOT, Charles Hector (1796 – 1879); HOMBRON, Jacques Bernard (1798 – 1852); PUCHERAN, Jacques (1817 – 1895); GUICHENOT, Antoine Alphonse (1809 – 1876); LUCAS, H.; ROUSSEAU, L.; MONTAGNE, Jean Pierre François Camille (1784 – 1866); DECAISNE, Joseph (1807 – 1882); GRANGE, J.; VINCENDON-DUMOULIN, Clément Adrien (1811 – 1858); COUPVENT-DESBOIS, Aimé Auguste Élie (1814 – 1892)
Voyage au Pôle Sud et dans l'Océanie sur les corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zélée, exécuté...pendant...1837-1840, sous le commandement de M. J. DUMONT D'URVILLE... publié... sour la direction supérieure de M. [C. H.] Jacquinot, &c. 23 vols. in 22.
In 1836 King Louis-Philippe, enthusiastic for Southern Hemisphere exploration, sponsored Dumont d'Urville's plan for a circumnavigation focusing on the South Seas. D'Urville had already distinguished himself on two Pa…
GMN 11902 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14107
1842 DARWIN, Charles Robert (1809 – 1882)
The structure and distribution of coral reefs. Being the first part of the geology of the voyage of the Beagle, under the command of Capt. Fitzroy, R. N. During the years 1832 to 1836.
With slight modification, Darwin's work remains the accepted explanation for these phenomena. "Even if he had done nothing else, the theory of the coral islands alone would have placed Darwin in the very front of inve…
GMN 8916 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11094
1842 DONOVAN, Edward (1768 – 1837); WESTWOOD, John Obadiah (1805 – 1893)
Natural history of the insects of China, containing upwards of two hundred and twenty figures and descriptions by E. Donovan. A new edition, brought down to the present state of the science, with systematic characters of each species, synonyms, indexes, and other additional matter by J. O. Westwood.
Digital facsimile from the Biodiversity Heritage Archive at this link.
GMN 9083 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11262
1843 –1844 HINDS, Richard Brinsley (1811 – 1846); GRAY, John Edward (1800 – 1875); GOULD, John (1804 – 1881); RICHARDSON, Sir John (1787 – 1865)
The zoology of the voyage of the H.M.S. Sulphur, under the command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher during the years 1836-42. Edited and superintended by Richard Brinsley Hinds. Vol. 1: Mammalia by J.E. Gray; Birds by J. Gould; Fish by J. Richardson. Vol. 2.: Mollusca by R. B. Hinds.
Digital facsimile from the Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.
GMN 9167 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11346
1843 GREAT BRITAIN. ARMY MEDICAL DEPARTMENT
Catalogue of Reptiles contained in the Museum of the Medical Department of the Army, Fort Pitt, Chatham.
Chiefly specimens collected by medical officers stationed in Canada, Australia, and India, as well as other colonies. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 10377 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/12569
1843 –1856 YARRELL, William (1784 – 1856); FUSSELL, Alexander (1814 – 1881); THOMPSON, John (1785 – 1866)
A history of British birds. 3 vols. plus 2 Supplements. (5 vols.)
According to its preface, Yarrell's British Birds was first published "in thirty-seven parts of three sheets each, at intervals of two months; the first Part was issued in July 1837 and the last in May 1843. The sheet…
GMN 12941 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15188
1844 –1871 GAY, Claude [Claudio] (1800 – 1893)
Historia fisica y politica de Chile, segun documentos adquiridos en esta Republica durante doce años de residencia en ella .... 28 vols. text plus 2 vols. atlas. (30 vols.).
Gay, a French botanist, was commissioned in 1830 by the government of Chile to carry out a thorough scientific survey of the country, and to produce a detailed description of its geography, geology and natural history…
GMN 9067 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11246
1844 FORSTER, Johann Reinhold (1729 – 1798); LICHTENSTEIN, Martin Hinrich Carl (1780 – 1857)
Descriptiones animalium quae in itinere ad Maris Australis Terras per annos 1772, 1773 et 1774 suscepto
Forster was the naturalist on James Cook's second Pacific voyage, during which he was accompanied by his son Georg. His Descriptiones animalium was completed within a month of returning to England with Cook, but remai…
GMN 11526 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13725
1845 –1854 AUDUBON, John James Laforest (1785 – 1851); BACHMAN, John (1790 – 1874)
The viviparous quadrupeds of North America. 2 vols. of plates in folio; 3 vols. 8vo text.
The largest and most significant color plate book produced in America during the 19th century.
GMN 7769 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9941
1845 GEOFFROY SAINT-HILAIRE, Étienne (1772 – 1844)
Catalogue des livres de sciences particulièrement de zoologie, d'anatomie comparée et d'anatomie philosophique composant la bibliothèque de feu M. Etienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire,...: dont la vente se fera le jeudi 20 novembre 1845, et jours suivants, à midi précis, au Jardin des Plantes, rue Cuvier, n° 33.
Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
GMN 13424 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15696
1845 JOLY, Nicolas; LAVOCAT, Achille
Recherches historiques, zoologiques, anatomiques et paléontologiques sur la girafe, (Camelopardalis giraffa, Gmelin).
First comprehensive (124pp., 17 plates) anatomical study of the giraffe, conducted during a 20 day dissection of the huge animal in Toulouse. The authors entrusted the dissection to the Toulouse taxidermist, H. Traver…
GMN 13543 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15820
1847 SAVAGE, Thomas Staughton (1804 – 1880); WYMAN, Jeffries (1814 – 1874)
A description of the characters and habits of troglodytes gorilla, a new species of orang from the Gaboon River, by Thomas S. Savage; Osteology of the same by Jeffries Wyman.
First description of the gorilla. Savage, an American physician/clergyman, worked extensively as a missionary physician in Africa. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
GMN 329.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/185
1847 –1847 HOLBROOK, John Edwards (1794 – 1871)
Southern ichthyology; or a description of the fishes inhabiting the waters of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida. Pt. 2, 1847, Pt. 3, 1848.
Holbrook never published part one of this work.
GMN 10336 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/12528
1847 –1887 SOWERBY, George Brettingham II (1812 – 1884); SOWERBY, George Brettingham III (1843 – 1921)
Thesaurus conchyliorum, or monographs of the genera of shells. 5 vols. text, each with an accompanying volume of plates.
Completed by G. B. Sowerby III after the death of G.B.S. II. Since "III" was color blind, his daughter did most of the coloring of his engravings. Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.
GMN 13751 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16035
1848 –1854 AGASSIZ, Louis Jean Rodolphe (1807 – 1873); STRICKLAND, Hugh Edwin (1811 – 1853); JARDINE, Sir William (1800 – 1874)
Bibliographia zoologiae et geologiae. A general catalogue of all books, tracts, and memoirs on zoology and geology by Louis Agassiz. Corrected, enlarged and edited by H. E. Strickland. 4 vols. Vol. 4 edited by Strickland and Jardine.
Digital facsimile of the 4 vols. from the Hathi Trust at this link.
GMN 7092 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9259
![AELIANUS, Claudius [Κλαύδιος Αἰλιανός] (175 – 235)](/media/portraits/10094)
