1505 SAVONAROLA, Giovanni Michele (1385 – 1468)
De gotta la preservation e cura.
The earliest separately printed treatise on gout by the physician/humanist grandfather of the Dominican friar Girolamo Savonarola. Giovanni Savonarola emphasized the dietary causes of gout, and the dangers of eating r…
GMN 11107 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13303
1534 BURGAUER, Dominicus (1500 – )
Ob das Podagra möglich zu generen oder nit. Nutzlich zu wissen allen denen, die damit behafft.
Abridged English translation by W. S. C. Copeman and M. Winder in Med. Hist., 1969, 13, 288-93, who write: "This small treatise contains a surprising amount of sound advice regarding the prevention and cure of the dis…
GMN 4484.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8876
1567 PEPAGOMENOS, Demetrios (Demetrius Pepagomenus) (1200 – 1300); MUSURUS, Marcus (Μάρκος Μουσοῦρος) ) (1470 – 1517)
De podagra libellus incerti auctoris e graeco in latinum conversus. [Edited and translated by Marcus Musurus]. IN: Medicae artis principes post Hippocratum et Galenum. Graeci Latinitate donati. 2 vols.
This Byzantine treatise on gout underwent several editions between the 16th and 18th centuries. The translator Musurus worked with Aldus Manutius in the preparation of several editiones principes. The translation, for…
GMN 12711 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14957
1642 BAILLOU, Guillaume de [BALLONIUS] (1538 – 1616)
Liber de rheumatismo et pleuritide dorsale.
De Baillou is usually credited with introducing the term “rheumatism”. He was court physician in Paris at the time of Henri IV. His book, the first on rheumatism, was translated into English by C. C. Barnard in Brit. …
GMN 4485 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/548
1664 LA MARTINIÈRE, Pierre Martin de (1634 – 1690)
Traité de la maladie vénérienne, de ses causes et des accidens provenans du mercure, ou vif-argent.
First to describe gonococcal arthritis.
GMN 4485.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/344
1683 SYDENHAM, Thomas (1624 – 1689)
Tractatus de podagra et hydrope.
Of the many great works of Sydenham, this is considered his masterpiece. He clearly differentiated gout from rheumatism. For an English translation, see his Works, published by the Sydenham Society, 1850, 2, 123-84.
GMN 4486 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/89
1693 CONNOR [O’CONNOR], Bernard (1666 – 1698)
Lettre écrite à Monsieur le Chevalier Guillaume de Waidegrave …contenant une dissertation physique sur la continuité de plusieurs os, à l’occasion d’une fabrique surprenante d’un tronc de squelette humain, où les vertebres, les côtes, l’os sacrum, & les os des iles, qui naturellement sont distincts & separés, ne font qu’un seul os continu & inseparable.
First description of ankylosing spondylitis. The British Museum copy of the title page of this work has been mutilated, apparently deliberately, in two places; the author’s surname may originally have appeared as “O’C…
GMN 4298 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5451
1720 CHEYNE, George (1671 – 1743)
Observations concerning the nature and due method of treating the gout.
GMN 4487 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/345
1764 SWIETEN, Gerard L. B. van (1700 – 1772)
Podagra. In his Commentaria in Hermanni Boerhaave aphorismos de cognoscendis et curandis morbis, 4, 287-393
GMN 4488 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8878
1771 CADOGAN, William (1711 – 1797)
A dissertation on the gout, and all chronic diseases, jointly considered, as proceeding from the same causes; what those causes are; and a rational and natural method of cure proposed.
This book excited great attention and ran through eight editions in one year. Cadogan’s advice on moderate exercise and moderation in drinking as a cure for gout caused much criticism.
GMN 4489 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/90
1782 PERCIVAL, Thomas (1740 – 1804)
Observations on the medical uses of the oleum jecoris aselli, or cod liver oil, in the chronic rheumatism, and other painful disorders.
First record of the clinical use of cod liver oil in England.
GMN 1835 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2181
1791 BEER, Georg Joseph (1763 – 1821)
Praktische Beobachtungen über verschiedene, vorzüglich aber über jene Augenkrankheiten, welche aus allgemeinen Krankheiten des Körpers entspringen.
“This is the first monograph ever published dealing with ocular signs of systemic disease. It deals with lacrimal fistulas, trichiasis, adhesions of the lids, lid ulcers, ephiphora, and ocular inflammations. He illust…
GMN 5833.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7103
1797 WOLLASTON, William Hyde (1766 – 1828)
On gouty and urinary concretions.
Wollaston showed that, in addition to stones consisting of uric acid, renal calculi might also consist of calcium phosphate, magnesium, ammonium phosphate, and calcium oxalate, or a mixture of these.
GMN 4287 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5346
1798 PERKINS, Benjamin Douglas (1774 – 1810)
The influence of metallic tractors on the human body, in removing various painful inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatism, pleurisy, some gouty affections, &c. &c: Lately discovered by Dr. Perkins, of North America; and demonstrated in a series of experiments and observations....by which the importance of the discovery is fully ascertained, and a new field of enquiry opened in the modern science of Galvanism, or animal electricity
In 1795 Dr. Elisha Perkins (1741-1799) of Connecticut introduced the use of “Metallic Tractors” for the treatment of a wide range of disorders, including pains in the head, face, teeth, breast, side, stomach, back, rh…
GMN 8654 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10831
1800 LANDRÉ-BEAUVAIS, Augustin Jacob (1772 – 1840)
Doit-on admettre une nouvelle espèce de goutte sous la dénomination de goutte asthénique primitive? an VIII
Landré-Beauvais gave the first reasonably accurate description of rheumatoid arthritis.
GMN 4490 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8879
1802 HEBERDEN, William Sr. (1710 – 1801)
Commentarii de morborum historia et curatione.
Samuel Johnson called Heberden “the last of our learned physicians”. The above work included all his important papers, which had earned him his great reputation, and which are dealt with elsewhere in this database (se…
GMN 2207 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3677
1805 HAYGARTH, John (1740 – 1827)
A clinical history of diseases. Part first: being 1. A clinical history of the acute rheumatism. 2. A clinical history of the nodosity of the joints.
The first monograph on acute rheumatism.
GMN 4492 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/91
1812 WELLS, William Charles (1757 – 1817)
On rheumatism of the heart.
David Pitcairn is accredited with the first reference to rheumatism as a cause of cardiac disease, in a lecture given in 1788. Jenner read a paper on the same subject in 1789, but the first clinical report on the subj…
GMN 2740 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4578
1816 BERLIOZ, Louis V. J. (1776 – 1848)
Mémoires sur les maladies chroniques, les évacuations sanguines et l’acupuncture.
Berlioz, father of the composer, published the first French monograph on acupuncture. He had his best success with muscle and joint stiffness after falls, and rheumatic and arthritic states. Digital facsimile from Goo…
GMN 6374.13 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8319
1821 CHURCHILL, James Morss (1796 – 1863)
A treatise on acupuncturation, being a description of a surgical operation originally peculiar to the Japonese and Chinese, and by them denominated zin-king, now introduced into European practice, with directions for its performance, and cases illustrating its success.
The first English monograph on acupuncture. Churchill had most success with rheumatic conditions, sciatica, back-pain, etc. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link. The German translation of Churchill…
GMN 6374.14 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8321
1825 SARLANDIÈRE, Jean-Baptiste (1787 – 1838)
Mémoires sur l’électro-puncture, considerée comme moyen nouveau de traiter efficacement la goutte, les rheumatisme et les affections nerveuses…
The first treatise on electro-puncture – the only significant Western contribution to acupuncture, and one of the most widely used methods of acupuncture today.
GMN 6374.16 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8328
1831 MITCHELL, John Kearsley (1793 – 1858)
On a new practice in acute and chronic rheumatism.
First description of the neurotic spinal arthropathies.
GMN 4493 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/92
1839 –1841 RAYER, Pierre François Olive (1793 – 1867)
Traité des maladies des reins. 3 vols, and atlas.
Rayer insisted on the exhaustive analysis of the urine as an aid to the diagnosis of lesions. He classified “albuminus nephritis” into six distinct forms and distinguished these from other forms of nephritis associate…
GMN 4208 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6240
1840 BOUILLAUD, Jean Baptiste (1796 – 1881)
Traité clinique du rhumatisme articulaire.
Extension of Bouillaud’s work on the coincidence of heart disease and acute rheumatism. He regarded fever as the effect of endocarditis (see also No. 2749).
GMN 4494 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/93
1843 FRORIEP, Robert Friedrich (1804 – 1861)
Die rheumatische Schweile. Ein Beitrag zur Pathologie und Therapie des Rheumatismus.
Froriep described what would later be known as fibromyalgia, describing it as "rheumatism with painful, hard places" that could be felt in many locations on the body. He characterized the condition as muskelschwiele (…
GMN 12749 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14995
1844 SYDENHAM, Thomas (1624 – 1689); GREENHILL, William Alexander (1814 – 1894)
Thomae Sydenham, M. D., Opera omnia. Edidit Gulielmus Alexander Greenhill.
Sydenham has been called the “Father of English Medicine”. His reputation rests on his first-hand accounts of such conditions as the malarial fevers of his times, gout, scarlatina, measles, etc. A better edition of th…
GMN 63 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/991
1848 GARROD, Sir Alfred Baring (1819 – 1907)
Observations on certain pathological conditions of the blood and urine in gout, rheumatism and Bright’s disease.
The “thread test” in gout was introduced by Garrod. Later he wrote more fully on gout and rheumatism (see No. 4497).
GMN 4495 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8881
1849 DAY, George Edward (1815 – 1872)
A practical treatise on the domestic management and most important diseases of advanced life. With an appendix, containing a series of cases illustrative of a new and successful mode of treating lumbago and other forms of chronic rheumatism, sciatica and other neuralgic affections, and certain forms of paralysis.
Digital facsimile from wellcomelibrary.org at this link.
GMN 13167 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15427
1856 ARETAEUS OF CAPPADOCIA, (Ἀρεταῖος Καππάδοκος) (80 – 140); ADAMS, Francis (1796 – 1861)
Тα ∑ωζομενα. The extant works of Aretaeus, the Cappadocian. Edited and translated by Francis Adams.
Aretaeus left many fine descriptions of disease; in fact Garrison ranks him second only to Hippocrates in this respect. In the printed editions of this bibliography, before the present online version, the Adams editio…
GMN 22 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8934
1857 ADAMS, Robert (1791 – 1875)
A treatise on rheumatic gout, or chronic rheumatic arthritis, of all the joints.
An excellent description of chronic rheumatic arthritis. Adams also published Illustrations of the effects of rheumatic gout, London, 1857.
GMN 4496 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/94
1859 GARROD, Sir Alfred Baring (1819 – 1907)
The nature and treatment of gout and rheumatic gout.
Garrod was the leading authority of his time on gout, which he separated from other forms of arthritis by his discovery of excess of uric acid in the blood of gouty sufferers. He gave to rheumatoid arthritis its prese…
GMN 4497 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/95
1864 CHARCOT, Jean Martin (1825 – 1893); CORNIL, André Victor (1837 – 1908)
Contributions à l’étude des altérations anatomiques de la goutte.
Charcot and Cornil gave an important description of the renal lesions in gout.
GMN 4498 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8882
1864 CORNIL, André Victor (1837 – 1908)
Mémoire sur les coincidences pathologiques du rhumatisme articulaire chronique.
First description of chronic arthritis in childhood.
GMN 4499 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8883
1866 PAGET, Sir James (1814 – 1899)
On gouty and some other forms of phlebitis
Paget-Schroetter syndrome, venous obstruction in the upper extremity.
GMN 2996 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5298
1875 MEYNET, Paul (1831 – 1892)
Rhumatisme articulaire subaigu avec production de tumeurs multiples dans les tissus fibreux périarticulaires et sur le périoste d’un grand nombre d’os.
Meynet was the first to draw special attention to the subcutaneous fibroid nodules in rheumatism.
GMN 4499.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/347
1876 BESNIER, Ernest (1831 – 1909)
Rhumatisme.
Besnier wrote an important description of rheumatism.
GMN 4500 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8885
1876 MACLAGAN, Thomas John (1838 – 1903)
The treatment of acute rheumatism by salicin.
Introduction of salicylates in the treatment of rheumatism.
GMN 4501 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8886
1880 FOWLER, Sir James Kingston (1852 – 1934)
On the association of affections of the throat with acute rheumatism.
Fowler drew attention to the association of throat infections with acute rheumatism.
GMN 4501.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8887
1883 –1884 STRÜMPELL, Ernst Adolf Gustav Gottfried (1853 – 1925)
Lehrbuch der speciellen Pathologie und Therapie der inneren Krankheiten. 2 vols.
Strümpell gave an excellent description of ankylosing spondylitis (“Strümpell’s disease”, the “spondylose rhizomélique” of Pierre Marie, No. 4368) on p. 152 of his Lehrbuch. See No. 2229. He published an important pap…
GMN 2229 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3786
1885 EBSTEIN, Wilhelm (1836 – 1912)
Das Regimen bei der Gicht.
A pupil of Frerichs, Virchow, and Romberg, Ebstein became Professor of Medicine at Göttingen.
GMN 4502 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/96
1892 BECHTEREV, Vladimir Michailovich [BEKHTEREV] (1857 – 1927)
Oderevenielost pozvonochnika s iskrivleniyem yevo, kak osobaya forma zabolievaniya. [Ankylosis of the spine with curvature as a special form of disease.]
Bechterev’s disease – ankylosing spondylitis, previously described by Strümpell. A German translation of the paper is in Neurol. Zbl., 1893, 12, 426-34.
GMN 4360 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5805
1892 KLIPPEL, Maurice (1858 – 1942)
De la pseudo-paralysie générale arthritique.
First description of “Klippel’s disease”, arthritic general pseudoparalysis.
GMN 4362 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5810
1893 HÖCK, Heinrich
Ein Beitrag zur Arthritis blennorrhoica.
Gonococci isolated from an arthritic joint.
GMN 4502.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/97
1896 –1897 STILL, Sir George Frederic (1868 – 1941)
On a form of chronic joint disease in children.
“Still’s disease”, chronic articular rheumatism in children. See also Nos. 4499 and 6356.
GMN 4503 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/98
1897 PONCET, Antonin (1849 – 1913)
Polyarthrite tuberculeuse simulant des lésions rhumatismales chroniques déformantes.
Tuberculous rheumatism (“Poncet’s disease”). See also his later paper in Bull. Acad. Méd. (Paris), 1902, 3 sér., 48, 97-114.
GMN 4504 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8888
1898 TRIBOULET, Henri (1864 – 1920); COYON, Amand (1871 – 1928)
Bactériologie du rhumatisme articulaire. Endocardite végétante mitrale provoquée chez le lapin par inoculation intra-veineuse d’un cocco-bacille en points doubles extraits du sang du rhumatisme articulaire aigu de l’homme.
Isolation of streptococci from patients with acute rheumatism reported.
GMN 4504.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/99
1898 MARIE, Pierre (1853 – 1940)
Sur la Spondylose rhizomélique.
Marie described as “spondylose rhizomélique” the ankylosing spondylitis or spondylitis deformans originally reported by Strümpell and called variously “Strümpell’s disease”, “Bechterev’s disease”, “Marie’s disease”.
GMN 4368 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5842
1908 NICOLAIER, Arthur (1862 – 1942); DOHRN, Max (1874 – 1943)
Ueber die Wirkung von Chinolincarbonsäuren und ihrer Derivate auf die Ausscheidung der Harnsäure.
Introduction of cinchophen in the treatment of gout.
GMN 4505.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/350
1910 PERTHES, Georg Clemens (1869 – 1927)
Ueber Arthritis deformans juvenilis.
See No. 4380.
GMN 4382 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5895
1916 REITER, Hans Conrad Julius (1881 – 1969)
Ueber eine bisher unerkannte Spirochäteninfektion (Spirochaetosis arthritica).
“Reiter’s syndrome”, a disease of males characterized by initial diarrhea, urethritis, conjunctivitis, and arthritis. Reiter was a German Nazi physician and war criminal who conducted medical experiments at Buchenwald…
GMN 6371 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8304
