Diseases of the Liver · Garrison-Morton-Norman

Year	Title & Tags	Author(s)
1685	A remarkable account of a liver, appearing glandulous to the eye. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	BROWNE, John (1642 – 1702)
1819	De l’auscultation médiate, ou traité du diagnostic des maladies des poumons et du coeur. 2 vols. Plagues & Epidemics Instruments & Devices	LAENNEC, René Théophile Hyacinthe (1781 – 1826)
1833	Abscess of the liver, with hydatids. – Operation. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	STANLEY, Edward (1793 – 1862)
1836	Observations on jaundice. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	BRIGHT, Richard (1789 – 1858)
1842–1846	Handbuch der pathologischen Anatomie. 3 vols. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	ROKITANSKY, Carl Freiherr von (1804 – 1878)
1845	On diseases of the liver. Microbiology & Virology	BUDD, George (1808 – 1882)
1856	Clinica médica. Abcesos del higado. Americas (non-U.S.) Microbiology & Virology	JIMÉNEZ, Miguel Francisco (1813 – 1876)
1856	Тα ∑ωζομενα. The extant works of Aretaeus, the Cappadocian. Edited and translated by Francis Adams. Ancient Europe & United Kingdom Diabetes Encyclopedias & Collected Works Chemistry & Biochemistry Historiography & General Works	ARETAEUS OF CAPPADOCIA, (Ἀρεταῖος Καππάδοκος) (80 – 140) ADAMS, Francis (1796 – 1861)
1858–1861	Klinik der Leberkrankheiten. 2 vols. and atlas. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	FRERICHS, Friedrich Theodor von (1819 – 1885)
1868	Clinical lectures on diseases of the liver. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	MURCHISON, Charles (1830 – 1879)
1874	Contribution à l’étude de l’hépatite interstitielle chronique avec hypertrophie (sclérose ou cirrhose hypertrophique du foie). Gastroenterology & Hepatology	HAYEM, Georges (1841 – 1933)
1875	Remarks on the anatomy and pathological relations of a new species of liver fluke. Microbiology & Virology	MCCONNELL, James Frederick Parry (1848 – 1896)
1876	Étude sur une forme de cirrhose hypertrophique du foie (cirrhose hypertrophique avec ictère chronique). Gastroenterology & Hepatology	HANOT, Victor Charles (1844 – 1896)
1877	K voprosu o perevyazkie vorotnoi veni. Predvaritelnoye soobshtshenize. [On the ligature of the portal vein.] Europe & United Kingdom Gastroenterology & Hepatology	ECK, Nikolai Vladimirovich (1848 – 1908)
1878	Remarks on cholecystotomy in dropsy of the gall-bladder. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	SIMS, James Marion (1813 – 1883)
1888	Ueber den zungenförmigen Fortsatz des rechten Leberlappens und seine pathognostiche Bedeutung für die Erkrankung der Gallenblase nebst Bemerkungen über Gallensteinoperationen. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	RIEDEL, Bernhard Moritz Carl Ludwig (1846 – 1916)
1895	Sulla puntura del fegato a scopo diagnostico. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	LUCATELLO, Luigi (1863 – 1926)
1896	Ueber chronische unter dem Bilde der Leberzirrhose verlaufende Perikarditis (perikarditische Pseudoleberzirrhose) nebst Bemerkungen über die Zuckergussleber. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	PICK, Friedel (1867 – 1926)
1898	Ueber ein neues Operationsverfahren zur Entfernung von Echinococcus in der Leber und anderen parenchymatösen Bauchorganen. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	BOBROV, Alexander Alexievich (1850 – 1904)
1898	Chirurgische Oeffnung neuer Seitenbahnen für das Blut der Vena portae. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	TALMA, Sape (1847 – 1918)
1900–1901	Experimental bacillary cirrhosis of the liver. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	HEKTOEN, Ludvig (1863 – 1951)
1904	The aetiology of a parasitic disease (in Japanese) Asia & Pacific Microbiology & Virology	KATSURADA, Fujiro (1867 – 1946)
1906	A protozoon general infection producing pseudotubercles in the lungs and focal necroses in the liver, spleen and lymphnodes. Microbiology & Virology	DARLING, Samuel Taylor (1872 – 1925)
1912	The rapid cure of amoebic dysentery and hepatitis by hypodermic injections of soluble salts of emetine. Microbiology & Virology	ROGERS, Sir Leonard (1868 – 1962)
1925	Ueber eine neue kolloidchemische Liquorreaktion und ihre praktischen Ergebnisse. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	TAKATA, Maki (1892 – 1978) ARA, Kiyoshi (1894 – )
1929	Hepato-nephromegalia glykogenika (Glykogenspeicherkrankheit der Leber und Nieren). Gastroenterology & Hepatology	GIERKE, Edgar Otto Konrad von (1877 – 1945)
1929	Diseases of the liver, gall-bladder, and bile ducts. 3rd edition. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	ROLLESTON, Sir Humphrey Davy (1862 – 1944) MCNEE, Sir John William (1887 – 1984)
1937	Treatment of alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver with high vitamin therapy. Gastroenterology & Hepatology Pharmacology & Therapeutics	PATEK, Arthur Jackson Jr. (1904 – 1991)
1939	On aspiration biopsy of the liver, with remarks on its diagnostic significance. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	IVERSON, Poul (1889 – ) ROHOLM, Kaj (1902 – 1948)
1942	Zur Aetiologie der Hepatitis epidemica. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	VOEGT, H
1944	Transmission of infective hepatitis to human volunteers. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	MACCALLUM, Frederick Ogden BRADLEY, W. H.
1944	Homologous serum jaundice. Transmission experiments with human volunteers. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	MACCALLUM, Frederick Ogden BAUER, Denis John (1914 – 2001)
1951	La visualizzazione radiologica della porta pervia splenica. Gastroenterology & Hepatology Diagnostics & Imaging	ABEATICI, Sergio (1922 – 2000) CAMPI, L
1955	A note on transplantation of the whole liver in dogs. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	WELCH, Charles Stuart (1909 – )
1955	Diseases of the liver and biliary system. Gastroenterology & Hepatology Women & Gender	SHERLOCK, Sheila Patricia Violet Dame (1918 – 2001)
1959	One-stage homotransplantation of the liver following total hepatectomy in dogs. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	MOORE, Francis Daniels (1913 – 2001)
1963	Homotransplantation of the liver in humans. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	STARZL, Thomas Earl (1926 – 2017)
1965	A “new” antigen in leukemia sera. Microbiology & Virology	BLUMBERG, Baruch Samuel (1925 – 2011) ALTER, Harvey James (1935 – ) VISNICH, S. & et al.
1967	Infectious hepatitis. Evidence for two distinctive clinical, epidemiological, and immunological types of infection. Gastroenterology & Hepatology	KRUGMAN, Saul (1911 – 1995) & et al.
1969–1972	Vaccine against viral hepatitis and process. Serial No. 864,788 filed 10 /8 /[19]69. Patent 3636191 issued 1/ 18/ [19]72. Microbiology & Virology Ethics & Law	BLUMBERG, Baruch Samuel (1925 – 2011) MILLMAN, Irving (1923 – 2012)
1970	Chronic liver disease and primary liver-cell cancer with hepatitis-associated (Australia) antigen in serum. Oncology & Cancer	SHERLOCK, Sheila Patricia Violet Dame (1918 – 2001) NIAZI, S. P. FOX, R. A.

1685 BROWNE, John (1642 – 1702)

A remarkable account of a liver, appearing glandulous to the eye.

First description of cirrhosis of the liver.

GMN 3613 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4538

1819 LAENNEC, René Théophile Hyacinthe (1781 – 1826)

De l’auscultation médiate, ou traité du diagnostic des maladies des poumons et du coeur. 2 vols.

This book revolutionized the study of diseases of the chest. Auscultation in the instrumental sense dates from Laennec’s invention of the stethoscope (at first merely a roll of stiff paper) with a view to amplifying t…

GMN 2673 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3518

1833 STANLEY, Edward (1793 – 1862)

Abscess of the liver, with hydatids. – Operation.

Diagnostic liver puncture.

GMN 3616 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4548

1836 BRIGHT, Richard (1789 – 1858)

Observations on jaundice.

Original description of acute yellow atrophy of the liver.

GMN 3617 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4551

1842 –1846 ROKITANSKY, Carl Freiherr von (1804 – 1878)

Handbuch der pathologischen Anatomie. 3 vols.

Rokitansky ranks with Morgagni as among the greatest of all writers on gross pathology. He is said to have performed over 30,000 autopsies himself. His Handbuch was for many years pre-eminent among its contemporaries.…

GMN 2293 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2924

1845 BUDD, George (1808 – 1882)

On diseases of the liver.

Budd was Professor of Medicine at King’s College, London. Section III of the above book includes a description of that form of cirrhosis to which the name “Budd’s disease” has been applied. In the second edition, 1852…

GMN 3619 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4559

1856 JIMÉNEZ, Miguel Francisco (1813 – 1876)

Clinica médica. Abcesos del higado.

Jimenez gave a classic account of liver abscess in amoebiasis.

GMN 5183.2 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6317

1856 ARETAEUS OF CAPPADOCIA, (Ἀρεταῖος Καππάδοκος) (80 – 140); ADAMS, Francis (1796 – 1861)

Тα ∑ωζομενα. The extant works of Aretaeus, the Cappadocian. Edited and translated by Francis Adams.

Aretaeus left many fine descriptions of disease; in fact Garrison ranks him second only to Hippocrates in this respect. In the printed editions of this bibliography, before the present online version, the Adams editio…

GMN 22 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8934

1858 –1861 FRERICHS, Friedrich Theodor von (1819 – 1885)

Klinik der Leberkrankheiten. 2 vols. and atlas.

Frerichs’s classic monograph on diseases of the liver summarized the existing knowledge and included his own important work on the subject. He discovered leucine and tyrosine in the liver in acute yellow atrophy (Dtsc…

GMN 3620 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4561

1868 MURCHISON, Charles (1830 – 1879)

Clinical lectures on diseases of the liver.

GMN 3622 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4566

1874 HAYEM, Georges (1841 – 1933)

Contribution à l’étude de l’hépatite interstitielle chronique avec hypertrophie (sclérose ou cirrhose hypertrophique du foie).

Classic description of chronic interstitial hepatitis.

GMN 3623 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4568

1875 MCCONNELL, James Frederick Parry (1848 – 1896)

Remarks on the anatomy and pathological relations of a new species of liver fluke.

First complete description of Chlonorchis sinensis.

GMN 5344.9 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6786

1876 HANOT, Victor Charles (1844 – 1896)

Étude sur une forme de cirrhose hypertrophique du foie (cirrhose hypertrophique avec ictère chronique).

“Hanot’s disease”. First description of hypertrophic cirrhosis of the liver with icterus. Thesis publication, 1875; published in book form, Paris, 1876. Digital facsimile of the book form edition from the Internet Arc…

GMN 3624 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4571

1877 ECK, Nikolai Vladimirovich (1848 – 1908)

K voprosu o perevyazkie vorotnoi veni. Predvaritelnoye soobshtshenize. [On the ligature of the portal vein.]

Eck developed the “Eck fistula” for the experimental study of diseases of the liver and the relation of the liver to metabolism. English translation in Surg. Gynec. Obstet., 1953, 96, 375.

GMN 630 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/586

1878 SIMS, James Marion (1813 – 1883)

Remarks on cholecystotomy in dropsy of the gall-bladder.

Sims’ operation of cholecystotomy.

GMN 3625 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4573

1888 RIEDEL, Bernhard Moritz Carl Ludwig (1846 – 1916)

Ueber den zungenförmigen Fortsatz des rechten Leberlappens und seine pathognostiche Bedeutung für die Erkrankung der Gallenblase nebst Bemerkungen über Gallensteinoperationen.

“Riedel’s lobe”, a form of constriction lobe of the liver.

GMN 3631 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4614

1895 LUCATELLO, Luigi (1863 – 1926)

Sulla puntura del fegato a scopo diagnostico.

Liver puncture biopsy.

GMN 3635 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4632

1896 PICK, Friedel (1867 – 1926)

Ueber chronische unter dem Bilde der Leberzirrhose verlaufende Perikarditis (perikarditische Pseudoleberzirrhose) nebst Bemerkungen über die Zuckergussleber.

“Pick’s disease” – pericardial pseudocirrhosis of the liver.

GMN 2803 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3431

1898 BOBROV, Alexander Alexievich (1850 – 1904)

Ueber ein neues Operationsverfahren zur Entfernung von Echinococcus in der Leber und anderen parenchymatösen Bauchorganen.

Important work on surgical treatment of hydatids of the liver. Originally appeared in Russian in Khirurgiya, 1898, 3, 3-9.

GMN 3637 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4635

1898 TALMA, Sape (1847 – 1918)

Chirurgische Oeffnung neuer Seitenbahnen für das Blut der Vena portae.

Talma’s operation for the relief of ascites in cirrhosis of the liver.

GMN 3639 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4638

1900 –1901 HEKTOEN, Ludvig (1863 – 1951)

Experimental bacillary cirrhosis of the liver.

Hektoen produced experimental cirrhosis of the liver. His notable work in pathology includes the foundation of the Archives of Pathology.

GMN 3640 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4650

1904 KATSURADA, Fujiro (1867 – 1946)

The aetiology of a parasitic disease (in Japanese)

First description of Schistosoma japonicum. Translation in Kean (No. 2368.1), p. 518.

GMN 5349.1 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6829

1906 DARLING, Samuel Taylor (1872 – 1925)

A protozoon general infection producing pseudotubercles in the lungs and focal necroses in the liver, spleen and lymphnodes.

Histoplasmosis (Histoplasma capsulatum), “Darling’s disease”.

GMN 5532 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6676

1912 ROGERS, Sir Leonard (1868 – 1962)

The rapid cure of amoebic dysentery and hepatitis by hypodermic injections of soluble salts of emetine.

Following up the work of Vedder, Rogers showed that the soluble salts of emetine could be safely injected subcutaneously. The general use of emetine, introduced by Rogers, diminished the incidence of liver abscess – a…

GMN 5190 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7047

1925 TAKATA, Maki (1892 – 1978); ARA, Kiyoshi (1894 – )

Ueber eine neue kolloidchemische Liquorreaktion und ihre praktischen Ergebnisse.

Takata-Ara reaction for the diagnosis of liver disease.

GMN 3654 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4759

1929 GIERKE, Edgar Otto Konrad von (1877 – 1945)

Hepato-nephromegalia glykogenika (Glykogenspeicherkrankheit der Leber und Nieren).

“Von Gierke’s disease”, glycogen disease of hepatomegalic type. See also the review by S. van Creveld, Medicine, 1939, 18, 1-128.

GMN 3656 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4767

1929 ROLLESTON, Sir Humphrey Davy (1862 – 1944); MCNEE, Sir John William (1887 – 1984)

Diseases of the liver, gall-bladder, and bile ducts. 3rd edition.

GMN 3657 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4771

1937 PATEK, Arthur Jackson Jr. (1904 – 1991)

Treatment of alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver with high vitamin therapy.

A pioneer paper on the dietary treatment of cirrhosis.

GMN 3661 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4808

1939 IVERSON, Poul (1889 – ); ROHOLM, Kaj (1902 – 1948)

On aspiration biopsy of the liver, with remarks on its diagnostic significance.

Modern method of liver puncture.

GMN 3664 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4812

1942 VOEGT, H

Zur Aetiologie der Hepatitis epidemica.

Transmission of infective hepatitis agent.

GMN 3664.1 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4813

1944 MACCALLUM, Frederick Ogden; BRADLEY, W. H.

Transmission of infective hepatitis to human volunteers.

MacCallum and Bradley finally proved the nature of both serum and infective hepatitis.

GMN 3664.2 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4815

1944 MACCALLUM, Frederick Ogden; BAUER, Denis John (1914 – 2001)

Homologous serum jaundice. Transmission experiments with human volunteers.

GMN 3664.3 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4816

1951 ABEATICI, Sergio (1922 – 2000); CAMPI, L

La visualizzazione radiologica della porta pervia splenica.

Introduction of portal venography for investigation of portal hypertension.

GMN 2725.1 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4463

1955 WELCH, Charles Stuart (1909 – )

A note on transplantation of the whole liver in dogs.

Placement of auxiliary whole liver.

GMN 3666.1 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4819

1955 SHERLOCK, Sheila Patricia Violet Dame (1918 – 2001)

Diseases of the liver and biliary system.

13th edition, 2018. "In 1959 she [Sherlock] became the United Kingdom's first ever female Professor of Medicine when she was appointed at the Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine in London. She founded the liver uni…

GMN 10994 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13190

1959 MOORE, Francis Daniels (1913 – 2001)

One-stage homotransplantation of the liver following total hepatectomy in dogs.

With nine co-authors.

GMN 3666.2 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4820

1963 STARZL, Thomas Earl (1926 – 2017)

Homotransplantation of the liver in humans.

First human liver transplant (three patients; one died during operation, the second after 7.5 days, and the third after 22 days). With five co-authors.

GMN 3666.3 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4821

1965 BLUMBERG, Baruch Samuel (1925 – 2011); ALTER, Harvey James (1935 – ); VISNICH, S.; ET AL

A “new” antigen in leukemia sera.

(Order of authorship in the original publication: Blumberg, Alter, Visnich.) Discovery of Australia antigen, hepatitis B antigen, Aa, later called HBsAg. Blumberg received half of the Nobel Prize for Medicine in Biolo…

GMN 3666.4 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4823

1967 KRUGMAN, Saul (1911 – 1995); ET AL

Infectious hepatitis. Evidence for two distinctive clinical, epidemiological, and immunological types of infection.

With J. P. Giles and J. Hammond.

GMN 3666.5 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4824

1969 –1972 BLUMBERG, Baruch Samuel (1925 – 2011); MILLMAN, Irving (1923 – 2012)

Vaccine against viral hepatitis and process. Serial No. 864,788 filed 10 /8 /[19]69. Patent 3636191 issued 1/ 18/ [19]72.

First description of the hepatitis B vaccine, the first cancer vaccine, US patent 3636191A. Millman and Blumberg discovered that the blood of individuals carrying the hepatitis B virus contained particles of the outsi…

GMN 6841 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9005

1970 SHERLOCK, Sheila Patricia Violet Dame (1918 – 2001); NIAZI, S. P.; FOX, R. A.

Chronic liver disease and primary liver-cell cancer with hepatitis-associated (Australia) antigen in serum.

(Order of authorship in the original publication: Sherlock, Niazi, Fox...). The authors demonstrated that the hepatitis B virus can cause cancer. (Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)

GMN 12306 https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14528