1947 HOWARD-JONES, Norman (1909 – 1985)
A critical study of the origins and early development of hypodermic medication.
GMN 2063 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2344
1947 BÉKÉSY, Georg von (1899 – 1972)
A new audiometer.
Semi-automatic (Békésy) audiometer.
GMN 3412.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5231
1947 SPIEGEL, Ernest Adolf (1895 – 1985); WYCIS, Henry T. (1911 – 1972); ET AL
Stereotaxic apparatus for operations on the human brain.
"The first successful cranial application of stereotactic surgery in humans is credited to the team of Ernest Spiegel and Henry Wycis in the Department of Experimental Neurology at Temple University in Philadelphia (S…
GMN 4912.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6004
1947 RADCLIFFE, Walter
The secret instrument. The birth of the midwifery forceps.
Reprinted with No. 6311.5, San Francisco, Norman Publishing, 1989.
GMN 6311 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8054
1949 RICCI, James Vincent (1890 – )
The development of gynaecological surgery and instruments… from the Hippocratic age to the Antiseptic period.
Reprint, San Francisco, Norman Publishing, 1990.
GMN 6310 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8053
1949 LEKSELL, Lars (1907 – 1986)
A stereotaxic apparatus for intracerebral surgery.
"In 1947 Leksell visited Wycis in Philadelphia and then developed and described his instrument in a publication in 1949. This was the first example of a stereotactic system based on the principle of ‘‘center-of-arc’’.…
GMN 11987 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14195
1952 HOWRY, Douglas Hamilton (1920 – ); BLISS, Wiliam Roderic
Ultrasonic visualization of soft-tissue structures of the body.
First tomogram of soft tissue.
GMN 2680.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3567
1952 ZOLL, Paul Maurice (1911 – 1999)
Resuscitation of the heart in ventricular standstill by external electric stimulation.
External cardiac pacemaker. "The medical world took notice when Zoll announced in 1952 that he had successfully kept a patient alive through numerous episodes of ventricular standstill using a bedside device that deli…
GMN 2883 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4237
1952 COLYER, Sir Frank James (1866 – 1954)
Old instruments used for extracting teeth.
GMN 3705 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5798
1954 GIBBON, John Heysham Jr. (1903 – 1973)
Application of a mechanical heart and lung apparatus to cardiac surgery.
First pump oxygenator used on humans. Performed on May 6, 1953, this was the first successful intracardiac operation in a patient with the use of total heart-lung bypass.
GMN 3047.5 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3564
1954 HOPKINS, Harold Horace (1918 – 1994); KAPANY, Narinder Singh (1926 – )
A flexible fibrescope, using static scanning.
GMN 3558.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4070
1955 LILLEHEI, Clarence Walton (1918 – 1999)
Controlled cross circulation for direct-vision intracardiac surgery; correction of ventricular septal defects, atrioventricularis communis, and tetralogy of Fallot.
Controlled cross circulation (human heart–lung “machine”) for intracardiac surgery.
GMN 3047.7 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3570
1955 KIRKLIN, John Webster (1917 – 2004); ET AL
Intracardiac surgery with the aid of a mechanical pump oxygenator system (Gibbon type): Report of eight cases.
Co-authored with JW Dushane, RT Patrick, DE Donald, PS Hetzel and EH Wood, "Kirklin refined the heart-lung machine (screen type) originally developed by Gibbon, to the point that it allowed the person to receive oxyge…
GMN 10995 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13191
1955 COHEN, Henry, 1st Baron Cohen of Birkenhead (1900 – 1977)
Old English silver and its medical interest. Presidential Address, Liverpool Medical Institution, 14th October 1954.
Digital facsimile from wellcomecollection.org at this link.
GMN 14036 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16344
1955 TOWNES, Charles Hard (1915 – 2015); GORDON, James Power (1928 – 2013); ZEIGER, Herbert (1925 – 2011)
The maser - new type of microwave amplifier, frequency standard, and spectrometer.
In 1964 Townes shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with Nicolay Gennadiyevich Basov and Alexandr Mihailovich Prokhorov "for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of osci…
GMN 14312 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16637
1956 DEWALL, Richard A. (1926 – 2016); ET AL
A simple, expendable, artificial oxygenator for open heart surgery.
DeWall bubble oxygenator. With six co-authors.
GMN 3047.9 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3585
1956 KOLFF, Willem Johann (1911 – 2009); WATSCHINGER, B
Further developments of a coil kidney. Disposable artificial kidney.
Disposable twin coil kidney.
GMN 4257.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5201
1957 WATANABE, Masaki (1911 – 1995)
Atlas of arthroscopy.
The first atlas of arthroscopy, a major step in gaining wide acceptance of this operating technique. The color illustrations were prepared by an artist as available arthroscopes did not permit color photography. Watan…
GMN 4405.01 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6093
1958 LILLEHEI, Clarence Walton (1918 – 1999); WEIRICH, William L. (1924 – 2014); GOTT, Vincent Lynn (1927 – )
The treatment of complete heart block by the combined use of a myocardial electrode and artificial pacemaker.
Order of authorship in the original publication: Weirich, Gott, Lillehei. Attachment of a wire to the ventricular epicardium, and bringing it out percutaneously to an external pacemaker. This was a key development lea…
GMN 3047.11 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3603
1958 HIRSCHOWITZ, Basil Isaac (1925 – 2013)
Demonstration of the new gastroscope, the “fiberscope”.
The Hirschowitz fiber optic endoscope, the "Fiberscope." In February 1957 Hirschowitz passed the first prototype instrument down his own throat and, a few days later, down that of a patient. Hirschowitz gave the first…
GMN 3558.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4072
1959 FURMAN, Seymour (1931 – 2006); ROBINSON, George (1922 – )
The use of intracardiac pacemaker in the correction of total heart block.
First use of pacemaker for Stokes–Adams syndrome, using dogs as subjects. External power source. See also Furman and Scawadel, John B., "An intracardiac pacemaker for Stokes–Adams seizures ," New Engl. J. Med.,1959, 2…
GMN 3047.10 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3591
1959 HUNTER, Samuel Wynne (1921 – 2008); ET AL
A bipolar myocardial electrode for complete heart block.
With N. A. Roth, D. Bernardez, and J. L. Noble.
GMN 2883.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4261
1959 BAILEY, Percival (1892 – 1973); SCHALTENBRAND, Georges (1897 – 1979)
Einführung in die stereotaktischen Operationen mit einem Atlas des menschlichen Gehirns. Introduction to stereotaxis with an atlas of the human brain. Large folio text plus 2 large folio binders of plates with captions.
One of the most elaborately produced medical books of the 20th century, with numerous very large plates folding out to the size of four folio sheets, and numerous photographs with plastic overlays.
GMN 14227 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16544
1960 CHARDACK, William M. (1914 – 2006); GREATBATCH, Wilson (1919 – 2011); GAGE, Andrew A.
A transistorized, self-contained, implantable pacemaker for the long-term correction of complete heart block.
The first fully-implantable pacemaker.
GMN 3047.15 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3618
1960 ELMQVIST, Rune (1906 – 1996); SENNING, Åke (1915 – 2000)
An implantable pacemaker in the heart. IN: Medical electronics: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Medical Electronics, Paris 24-27 June 1959. Edited by C. N. Smyth.
"This is the original report of the first fully implantable pacemaker that was designed by Elmqvist and surgically inserted under the skin of a patient in October 1958. It is an abstract of their presentation that sig…
GMN 11590 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13789
1962 GALLETTI, Pierre M. (1927 – 1997); BRECHER, Gerhard A.
Heart-lung bypass: Principles and techniques of extracorporeal circulation.
GMN 11602 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13802
1963 GOLDMAN, Leon (1906 – 1997)
Effect of the laser beam on the skin.
One of the first papers on the application of lasers in medicine. In 1961 Goldman became the first researcher to use a laser to treat a human skin disease when he treated melanoma. The method later became popular in r…
GMN 6941 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9106
1965 KNIGHT, Geoffrey Cureton (1906 – 1993)
Stereotactic tractotomy in the surgical treatment of mental illness.
GMN 4914.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6022
1965 HEPBURN, Christian
Die Geschichte der Hersteller und Verkäufer zahnärztlicher Bedarfsartikel bis um 1900: eine historische Sammlung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der ältesten deutschen Dentaldepots.
GMN 13189 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15450
1967 GOLDMAN, Leon (1906 – 1997)
Biomedical aspects of the laser: The introduction of laser applications into biology and medicine.
The first book on the use of lasers in medicine and biology.
GMN 6942 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9107
1971 RUCKER, C. Wilbur (1900 – 1991)
A history of the ophthalmoscope.
GMN 6007.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7158
1971 HOGAN, Michael J. (1907 – 1976); ALVARADO, Jorge A.; WEDDELL, Joan Esperson
Histology of the human eye.
Hogan and Alvarado's work was the first book on histology of the eye to include electron microscopy. It also reproduced spectacular three-dimensional representations of ocular ultrastructures by Joan Esperson Weddell.
GMN 7405 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9577
1973 KELLY, Desmond Hamilton Wilson (1934 – )
Stereotactic limbic leucotomy: Neurophysiological aspects and operative technique.
With A. Richardson and N. Mitchell-Heggs.
GMN 4914.6 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6033
1973 ABULCASIS (ABU AL-QASIM KHALAF IBN AL-ABBAS AL-ZAHRAWI; أبو القاسم خلف بن العباس الزهراوي), [Albucasis] (936 – 1013); SPINK, Martin S.; LEWIS, Geoffrey Lewis (1920 – 2008)
Albucasis on surgery and instruments. A definitive edition of the Arabic text, with English translation and commentary by M. S. Spink and G. L. Lewis.
GMN 9353 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11535
1978 REISER, Stanley Joel
Medicine and the reign of technology.
GMN 2682.52 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3661
1979 DAVIS, Audrey B. ( – 2006); APPEL, Toby A. (1945 – )
Bloodletting instruments in the National Museum of History and Technology.
Digital facsimile from Smithsonian Research Online at this link.
GMN 2682.54 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4107
1979 BENNION, Elisabeth
Antique medical instruments
Well-illustrated work coving the history of medical and surgical instruments from the Middle Ages to 1870, with emphasis on pre-19th century material. Includes useful information on instrument makers.
GMN 2682.53 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6972
1981 DAVIS, Audrey B. ( – 2006)
Medicine and its technology: an introduction to the history of medical instrumentation.
GMN 2682.55 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4111
1981 HAUGWITZ, Thilo von
Ophthalmologisch-optische Untersuchungsgeräte.
English translation by F.C. Blodi as The history of optical instruments for the examination of the eye, Bonn: J. P. Wayenborgh, 1986.
GMN 6007.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7162
1982 LAENNEC, René Théophile Hyacinthe (1781 – 1826); GRMEK, Mirko Dražen (1924 – 2000); BOULLE, Lydie; LUPOVICI, Catherine; SAMION-CONTET, Janine
Laennec: Catalogue des manuscrits scientifiques
Documents manuscripts by Laennec preserved in the Archives de l'Académie des Sciences, and Musée Laennec de la Bibliothèque Universitaire de Nantes, Section médecine-pharmacie.
GMN 11055 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13251
1983 KÜNZEL, Ernst (1939 – )
Medizinische Instrumente aus Sepulkralfunden der römischen Kaiserzeit.
GMN 6485.63 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7968
1984 BIGELOW, Wilfred Gordon (1913 – 2005)
Cold hearts: The story of hypothermia and the pacemaker in heart surgery.
GMN 12333 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14557
1985 HALLER, John S. Jr. (1940 – )
Medical thermometry--a short history.
Available from PubMedCentral at this link.
GMN 11533 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13732
1986 DAVIS, Audrey B. ( – 2006); DREYFUSS, Mark S.
The finest instruments ever made. A bibliography of medical, dental, optical and pharmaceutical company trade literature; 1700-1939.
GMN 6786.32 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8409
1986 NIELSEN, Arnold B. W.; RØNNE, Paul
Development of the ion X-ray tube: With a description of the Collection in the Medical Historical Museum, University of Copenhagen.
GMN 13185 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15446
1987 SEILER, Theo (1949 – ); WOLLENSAK, J
Correction of astigmatism with the excimer laser.
In 1985 Seiler performed the first large area ablation in a human eye to remove a corneal scar, having previously performed T-incisions with an excimer laser to correct for astigmatism.
GMN 7136 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9303
1988 WEBSTER, John G.
Encyclopedia of medical devices and instrumentation. 4 vols
Some of the articles in this work include historical references, useful for the recent history of this rapidly evolving field.
GMN 2682.56 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4157
1988 KWOH, Yik San
A robot with improved absolute positioning accuracy for CT guided stereotactic brain surgery.
With Jin Hou, E. A. Jonckheere, and S. Hyati.
GMN 7952 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10127
1988 BOROBIA MELENDO, Enrique Luis
Instrumental medico-quirurgico en la hispania romana.
GMN 8949 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11128
1989 HOWELL, Joel D.
Technology and American medical practice, 1880-1930: An anthology of sources. Edited by Joel D. Howell.
GMN 12354 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14578
