1717 BLAIR, Patrick (1660 – 1728)

An account of the dissection of a child.

First description of congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Reprinted in Mark M. Ravitch, "The story of pyloric stenosis," Surgery, 48 (1960) 1117-1143.

GMN 3419 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5338

1733 CALDER, James

Two examples of children born with preternatural conformations of the guts.

First description of congenital atresia of the ileum.

GMN 3422 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5345

1742 VELSE, Cornelius Henrik

De mutuo intestinorum ingressu.

First recorded successful operation for intussusception in an adult. The paper is also included in Haller’s Disputationes, vol. 1.

GMN 3423 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5347

1777 ARMSTRONG, George (1719 – 1789)

An account of the diseases most incident to children, from their birth till the age of puberty.

This is an enlarged and more important (third) edition of his An essay on the diseases most fatal to infants (1767) No. 6324. Page 49: Important description of congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.

GMN 3425 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5358

1788 BEARDSLEY, Hezekiah (1748 – 1790)

Case of a scirrhus in the pylorus of an infant.

First American case report on congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Cases and observations by the Medical Society of New-Haven County…was the first American medical periodical. Only one volume was published. Beard…

GMN 3426 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5363

1793 BAILLIE, Matthew (1761 – 1823)

The morbid anatomy of some of the most important parts of the human body.

Baillie was a nephew and pupil of William Hunter. The above is the first systematic textbook of morbid anatomy, treating the subject for the first time as an independent science. See also Nos. 2736, 3167.1. Baillie wa…

GMN 2281 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2898

1794 BAYFORD, David (1739 – 1790)

An account of a singular case of obstructed deglutition.

Bayford reported a a fatal case of "obstructed deglutition" caused by compression of the oesophagus by an aberrant right subclavian artery. This he called Dysphagia lusoria. See the account by N. Asherson in Ann. roy.…

GMN 3428.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5375

1805 SMITH, Thomas (1785 – 1831)

An essay on wounds of the intestines.

The first serious attempt at repairing intestinal injuries in America, and the first use of dogs for experimental surgery in America.

GMN 3430.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5384

1810 MERREM, Daniel Carl Theodor (1790 – 1859)

Animadversiones quaedam chirurgicae experimentis in animalibus factis illustratae.

Experimental excision of the pylorus.

GMN 3431 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5387

1812 –1813 PHYSICK, Philip Syng (1768 – 1837)

Account of a new mode of extracting poisonous substances from the stomach.

Physick was the first, in 1805, to use a stomach tube for gastric lavage in a case of poisoning. He acknowledged the priority of Monro secundus in the invention of a similar instrument in 1767. For history of the stom…

GMN 3432 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5391

1812 TRAVERS, Benjamin (1783 – 1858)

An inquiry into the process of nature in repairing injuries of the intestines.

Travers’s researches on intestinal sutures recorded the first accurate knowledge on this subject.

GMN 3433 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5395

1826 LEMBERT, Antoine (1802 – 1851)

Mémoire sur l’entéroraphie avec la description d’un procédé nouveau pour pratiquer cette opération chirurgicale.

Description of what is now known as Lembert’s suture, which ensures that serous surface is applied to serous surface in suturing intestine – the foundation of all modern gastric and intestinal surgery. Dieffenbach (se…

GMN 3435 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5400

1829 JOBERT DE LAMBALLE, Antoine Joseph (1799 – 1867)

Traité théorique et pratique des maladies chirurgicales du canal intestinal. 2 vols.

Jobert, famous French surgeon, made his reputation on this book. He was at one time Consulting Physician to Louis XVIII.

GMN 3439 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5433

1835 WILSON, John R. W.

A case of introsussception in which an operation was successfully resorted to…in December, 1831.

First operation for intussusception in the United States, performed in Rutherford County, Tennessee. The patient was a negro slave; the operation was a complete success. Reported by Wilson’s pupil, W.W. Thompson.

GMN 3440.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5440

1836 DIEFFENBACH, Johann Friedrich (1792 – 1847)

Glückliche Heilung nach Ausscheidung eines Theiles des Darms und Netzes.

First account of a resection in which Lembert’s suture was successfully employed.

GMN 3441 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5441

1843 GROSS, Samuel David (1805 – 1884)

An experimental and critical inquiry into the nature and treatment of wounds of the intestines.

Reports of a series of experiments upon dogs to determine the best way to treat intestinal wounds. First published in West. J. Med. Surg., 1843. 7, 1-50, [81]-141, [161]-224.

GMN 3446 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5491

1844 REYBARD, Jean François (1790 – 1863)

Mémoire sur une tumeur cancéreuse affectant l’iliaque du colon; ablation de la tumeur et de l’intestin; réunion directe et immédiate des deux bouts de cet organe. Guérison.

First intestinal resection for cancer.

GMN 3447 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5500

1847 BIRD, Golding (1814 – 1854); HILTON, John (1804 – 1878)

Case of internal strangulation of intestine relieved by operation.

Records the first operation for intestinal strangulation of the small intestine by Hilton at Guy’s Hospital. No anaesthetic was used; the patient died nine hours afterwards.

GMN 3449 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5507

1848 –1849 LEIDY, Joseph (1823 – 1891)

On the existence of Entophyta in healthy animals, as a natural condition.

Discovery of the bacterial flora of the intestines.

GMN 3450 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5518

1849 SÉDILLOT, Charles Emmanuel (1804 – 1883)

Opération de gastrostomie pratiquée pour la première fois le 13 novembre 1849.

First gastrostomy.

GMN 3451 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5571

1854 FENGER, Carl Emil (1814 – 1884)

Ueber Anlegung einer künstlichen Magenöffnung am Menschen durch Gastrotomie.

Fenger’s operation.

GMN 3452 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5572

1857 MALMSTEN, Pehr Henrik (1811 – 1883)

Infusorier, sasom intestinaldjur hos menniskan.

Discovery of Balantidium coli, the first parasitic protozoon to be discovered and recognized as such. German translation in Virchows Arch. path. Anat., 1857, 12, 302-09. English translation in Kean et al. (No. 2268.1).

GMN 3455 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5581

1858 FORSTER, John Cooper (1824 – 1896)

Description of the operation of gastrotomy.

First gastrostomy in Britain.

GMN 3457 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5588

1859 MIDDELDORPF, Albrecht Theodor (1824 – 1868)

Commentatio de fistulis ventriculi externis et chirurgica earum sanatione.

First operation for gastric fistula.

GMN 3459 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5593

1867 BRINTON, William (1823 – 1867)

Intestinal obstruction.

GMN 3462 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5605

1869 KUSSMAUL, Adolf (1822 – 1902)

Ueber die Behandlung der Magenerweiterung durch eine neue Methode (mittelst der Magenpumpe).

In 1867 Kussmaul used the stomach pump for gastric dilatation due to pyloric obstruction. Although his advocacy of gastric lavage established this method of treatment in medical practice, the instrument had already be…

GMN 3463 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5607

1870 –1871 ANNANDALE, Thomas (1839 – 1908)

Case in which an intestinal obstruction was removed by the operation of gastrotomy.

GMN 3463.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5609

1870 MAURY, Frank Fontaine (1840 – 1879)

Case of stricture of the oesophagus in which gastrotomy was performed.

First gastrostomy for obstruction of the esophagus performed in America.

GMN 3464 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5613

1874 HUTCHINSON, Sir Jonathan (1828 – 1913)

A successful case of abdominal section for intussusception.

In 1871 Hutchinson was the first successfully to operate on a case of intussusception in a two year-old infant. Preliminary account in Med. chir. Trans., 1876, 41 (2nd ser.), 99-102.

GMN 3466 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8226

1875 JONES, Sydney (1831 – 1913)

Gastrostomy for stricture (cancerous?) of oesophagus; death from bronchitis forty days after operation.

Successful human gastrostomy by the older (Sédillot’s) method. Reported by S. Osborne.

GMN 3467 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5623

1876 GUSSENBAUER, Carl (1842 – 1903); WINIWARTER, Alexander von (1848 – 1917)

Die partielle Magenresektion; eine experimentelle operative Studie.

A practical method for excision of the pylorus, as demonstrated in dogs, was published by these two assistants of Billroth.

GMN 3467.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5627

1876 VERNEUIL, Aristide Auguste Stanislaus (1823 – 1895)

Observation de gastro-stomie pratiquée avec succès pour un rétrécissement cicatriciel infranchissable de l’oesophage.

Verneuil’s gastrostomy operation, a modification of Sédillot’s method.

GMN 3468 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5629

1878 –1879 LINDSTEDT, Adolf Fredrik (1847 – 1915); WALDENSTRÖM, Johan Anton (1839 – 1879)

Volvulus flexurae sigmoideae coli – Laparo-colotomia – Helsa.

First recorded operation for volvulus.

GMN 3469 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5636

1879 PÉAN, Jules-Émile (1830 – 1898)

De l’ablation des tumeurs de l’estomac par la gastrectomie.

First gastrectomy for carcinoma; unsuccessful.

GMN 3472 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5644

1880 RYDYGIER, Ludwik (1850 – 1920)

Wyçiecie raka odźwiernika zoladkowego, śmierćw 12 godzinach.

First extirpation of carcinomatous pylorus. Death after 12 hours. German translation in Dtsch. Z. Chir., 1881, 14, 252-60.

GMN 3473.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5651

1881 BILLROTH, Christian Albert Theodor (1829 – 1894)

Offenes Schreiben an Herrn Dr. L. Wittelshöfer.

First successful resection of the pylorus for cancer, the Billroth I operation.

GMN 3474 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5656

1881 MIKULICZ-RADECKI, Jan (Johann Freiherr von) (1850 – 1905)

Ueber Gastroskopie und Oesophagoskopie.

Mikulicz was the first to use the electric oesophagoscope invented by Leiter in 1880. He was among the most distinguished of Billroth’s pupils and contributed much to cancer surgery.

GMN 3475 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5660

1881 WÖLFLER, Anton (1850 – 1917)

Gastro-Enterostomie.

Wölfler perfected the operation of gastro-enterostomy.

GMN 3476 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5664

1881 CLARK, Henry Edward (1845 – 1909)

On a case of obstruction of the bowels due to volvulus, treated by abdominal section; recovery.

First successful operation in Britain for treatment of volvulus, performed 20 February, 1883.

GMN 3479 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5677

1882 LORETA, Pietro (1831 – 1889)

Intorno alla divulsione digitale del pilore; osservazione cliniche.

First pyloroplasty, 1882. Abstract in English in Brit. med.J., 1885, 1, 372-74.

GMN 3477 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5669

1882 REJCHMANN, Mikolaj (Rajchman, Reichmann, Reichman, Reychman) (1851 – 1918)

Przypadek chorobowo wzmoźonego wydzielania soku zoladkowego.

First description of gastrosuccorrhoea (“Reichmann’s disease”). German translation in Berl. klin. Wschr., 1882, 19, 606.

GMN 3478 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5674

1884 HAUER, Ernst

Darmresektion und Enterorhaphieen, 1878-83.

Billroth was a pioneer in visceral surgery. Above is an account of many intestinal resections and enterorrhaphies carried out by him.

GMN 3480 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5680

1884 TREVES, Sir Frederick (1853 – 1923)

Intestinal obstruction

Jacksonian Prize essay.

GMN 3482 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5691

1885 GREVES, Edwin Hyla (1856 – 1932)

On a case of acute intestinal obstruction in a boy, with remarks upon the treatment of acute obstruction.

Abdominal section and ileostomy for intestinal obstruction; surgeon’s report on pp. 130-35.

GMN 3482.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5698

1885 HACKER, Viktor von (1852 – 1933)

Zur Casuistik und Statistik der Magenresectionen und Gastro-enterostomieen.

Billroth II pylorectomy, reported by von Hacker. Also published in Arch. klin. Chir., 1885, 32, 616-25.

GMN 3483 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5701

1885 GLÉNARD, Frantz (1848 – 1920)

Application de la méthode naturelle à l’analyse de la dyspepsie nerveuse. – Détermination d’une espèce.

Important description of enteroptosis and gastroptosis.

GMN 3484 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5704

1886 HACKER, Viktor von (1852 – 1933)

Ueber die Verwendung des Musculus rectus abdominis zum Verschlusse der künstlichen Magenfistel.

Von Hacker’s method of gastrostomy.

GMN 3486 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3879

1887 HALSTED, William Stewart (1852 – 1922)

Circular suture of the intestines; an experimental study.

Halsted set down some of the fundamental rules regarding intestinal anastomosis.

GMN 3488 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3883

1888 HIRSCHSPRUNG, Harald (1830 – 1916)

Fälle von angeborener Pylorusstenose, beobachtet bei Säuglingen.

Hirschsprung first made the medical world aware of congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis as a distinct clinical entity. In this paper he made no suggestions concerning therapy.

GMN 3489.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3888

1888 GEE, Samuel Jones (1839 – 1911)

On the coeliac affection.

Coeliac disease (non-tropical sprue, idiopathic steatorrhoea) was first described by Gee. Later Thaysen (No. 3550) studied the disease, which acquired the eponym “Gee-Thaysen disease”.

GMN 3491 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3892