1838 RATHKE, Martin Heinrich (1793 – 1860)
Ueber die Entstehung der Glandula pituitaria.
Important description of the pituitary.
GMN 1156 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1489
1892 VASSALE, Giulio (1862 – 1912); SACCHI, Ercole
Sulla distruzione della ghiandola pituitaria.
Vassale and Sacchi showed water and mineral metabolism to be affected by hypophysectomy.
GMN 1157 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1493
1901 STARLING, Ernest Henry (1866 – 1927); MAGNUS, Rudolf (1873 – 1927)
The action of pituitary extracts on the kidney.
Magnus and Starling reported that pituitary extracts caused expansion of the kidney and a marked and often prolonged diuresis. This was the first indication that the neurohypophysis plays a part in the regulation of u…
GMN 1236.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1977
1908 PAULESCO, Nicolas Constantin (1869 – 1931)
L’hypophyse du cerveau. I. Physiologie.
Paulesco found that the removal of the anterior pituitary had fatal results, while removal of the posterior lobe had negative results.
GMN 1158 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1495
1909 DALE, Sir Henry Hallett (1875 – 1968)
The action of extracts of the pituitary body.
Oxytocic action of posterior pituitary injection.
GMN 1159 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1500
1910 CUSHING, Harvey Williams (1869 – 1939); CROWE, Samuel James (1883 – 1955); HOMANS, John (1877 – 1955)
Experimental hypophysectomy.
First experimental evidence of the relationship between the pituitary and the reproductive system; demonstration that hypophysectomy causes genital atrophy.
GMN 1160 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1504
1910 CUSHING, Harvey Williams (1869 – 1939)
The functions of the pituitary body.
See No. 3896.
GMN 1161 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1505
1912 ASCHNER, Bernhard (1883 – 1960)
Über die Funktion der Hypophyse.
Aschner was able to keep his hypophysectomized dogs alive indefinitely. He found that they developed genital hypoplasia.
GMN 1162 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1509
1915 GAINES, Walter Lee (1881 – )
A contribution to the physiology of lactation.
Gaines demonstrated the action of the pituitary in lactation.
GMN 1162.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1527
1921 EVANS, Herbert McLean (1882 – 1971); LONG, Joseph Abraham (1879 – 1953)
The effect of the anterior lobe administered intraperitoneally upon growth, maturity and oestrus cycles of the rat.
Evans and Long discovered the growth hormone of the anterior pituitary, showing that continued injections of an anterior pituitary extract produced an acceleration in the growth-rate of laboratory animals.
GMN 1163 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1531
1922 –1923 ABEL, John Jacob (1857 – 1938); ROUILLER, Charles August (1883 – )
Evaluation of the hormone of the infundibulum of the pituitary gland in terms of histamine, with experiments on the action of repeated injections of the hormone on the blood pressure.
GMN 1164 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1535
1923 –1924 ABEL, John Jacob (1857 – 1938); ROUILLER, Charles August (1883 – ); GEILING, Eugene Maximilian Karl (1891 – 1971)
Further investigations on the oxytocic-pressor-diuretic principle of the infundibular portion of the pituitary gland.
GMN 1165 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1540
1927 SMITH, Philip Edward (1884 – 1970)
The induction of precocious sexual maturity by pituitary homeotransplants.
Smith was able to induce precocious sexual maturity in mice and rats by the implantation of pituitary tissue.
GMN 1166 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1542
1927 SMITH, Philip Edward (1884 – 1970); ENGLE, Earl Theron (1896 – 1957)
Experimental evidence regarding the rôle of the anterior pituitary in the development and regulation of the genital system.
Pituitary tissue implanted in the immature mouse was found by these writers to cause precocious sexual maturity. Thus they showed that the activity of the gonads is maintained by the anterior lobe of the pituitary.
GMN 1167 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1546
1927 ZONDEK, Bernhard (1891 – 1966); ASCHHEIM, Selmar (1878 – 1965)
Das Hormon des Hypophysenvorderlappens.
Isolation of the gonadotrophic hormone of the anterior pituitary (Prolan A & B).
GMN 1168 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1550
1928 KAMM, Oliver (1888 – 1965); ET AL
The active principles of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. I. The demonstration of the presence of two active principles. II. The separation of the two principles and their concentration in the form of potent solid preparations.
Isolation of vasopressin and oxytocin. With T. B. Aldrich, I. W. Grote, L. W. Rowe, and E. P. Bugbee.
GMN 1168.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1554
1929 LOEB, Leo (1869 – 1959); BASSETT, R. B.
Effect of hormones of anterior pituitary on thyroid gland in the guinea pig.
Loeb and Aron (No.1138.2) demonstrated the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the anterior pituitary.
GMN 1138.01 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1342
1929 ARON, Max Raymond Emile (1892 – 1974)
Action de la préhypophyse sur le thyroïde chez le cobaye.
Simultaneously with Loeb (No. 1138.1) Aron demonstrated the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the anterior pituitary.
GMN 1138.02 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1345
1929 STRICKER, P; GRUETER, F
Action du lobe antérieur de l’hypophyse sur la montée laiteuse.
Demonstration of the existence of a pituitary lactogenic hormone (prolactin).
GMN 1168.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1558
1930 HOUSSAY, Bernardo Alberto (1887 – 1971); BIASOTTI, Alfredo Benito (1903 – 1991)
La diabetes pancreática de los perros hipofisoprivos.
Houssay’s depancreatized hypophysectomized dog. This work led to Houssay’s demonstration of the importance of the anterior pituitary in sugar metabolism. See also Endocrinology, 1931,15, 511-23. In 1947 Houssay shared…
GMN 1169 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1562
1932 CUSHING, Harvey Williams (1869 – 1939)
Papers relating to the pituitary body, hypothalamus, and para-sympathetic nervous system.
Cushing advanced the theory that the hypothalamus is responsible for the development of peptic ulcer (see p. 175 et seq.). This work contains his four principal contributions to pituitary-hypothalamic interrelationshi…
GMN 3552 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4063
1933 COLLIP, James Bertram (1892 – 1965); ET AL
The adrenotropic hormone of the anterior pituitary lobe.
Isolation of an impure “adrenotropic hormone” containing adrenocorticotropic principle. With E. M. Anderson and D. L. Thomson.
GMN 1170 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1568
1933 RIDDLE, Oscar (1877 – 1968); ET AL
The preparation, identification and assay of prolactin – a hormone of the anterior pituitary.
With R. W. Bates and S. W. Dykshorn.
GMN 1171 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1570
1936 –1939 VAN DYKE, Harry Benjamin (1895 – 1971)
The physiology and pharmacology of the pituitary body. 2 vols.
Includes an extensive bibliography.
GMN 1172 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1574
1937 YOUNG, Sir Frank George (1908 – 1988)
Permanent experimental diabetes produced by pituitary (anterior lobe) injections.
Anterior pituitary diabetogenic hormone.
GMN 1173 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1576
1940 EVANS, Herbert McLean (1882 – 1971); LI, Choh Hao (1913 – 1987); SIMPSON, Miriam Elizabeth (1894 – 1991)
Interstitial cell stimulating hormone. II. Method of preparation and some physico-chemical studies.
Choh Hao Li and colleagues isolated of the interstitial cell stimulating (luteinizing) hormone.
GMN 1173.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1578
1943 EVANS, Herbert McLean (1882 – 1971); LI, Choh Hao (1913 – 1987); SIMPSON, Miriam Elizabeth (1894 – 1991)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone.
Choh Hao Li and colleagues Isolated pure adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from sheep pituitary glands.
GMN 1174 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1580
1943 SAYERS, George (1914 – ); LONG, Cyril Norman Hugh (1901 – 1970); WHITE, Abraham
Preparation and properties of pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone.
Isolation of ACTH from swine pituitaries.
GMN 1175 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1583
1945 EVANS, Herbert McLean (1882 – 1971); LI, Choh Hao (1913 – 1987); SIMPSON, Miriam Elizabeth (1894 – 1991)
Isolation and properties of the anterior hypophyseal growth hormone.
Choh Hao Li and colleagues isolated the anterior pituitary growth hormone.
GMN 1175.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1585
1949 EVANS, Herbert McLean (1882 – 1971); LI, Choh Hao (1913 – 1987); SIMPSON, Miriam Elizabeth (1894 – 1991)
Isolation of pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
By Choh Hao Li and colleagues.
GMN 1175.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1588
1953 VIGNEAUD, Vincent du (1901 – 1978)
The synthesis of an octapeptide amide with the hormonal activity of oxytocin.
Synthesis of oxytocin. With C. Ressler, J. M. Swan, C. W. Roberts, P. G. Katsoyannis, and S. Gordon. In 1955 Vigneaud was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his work on biochemically important sulphur compounds…
GMN 1175.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1591
1954 VIGNEAUD, Vincent du (1901 – 1978)
A synthetic preparation possessing biological properties associated with arginine-vasopressin.
Synthesis of vasopressin. With D. T. Gish and P. G. Katsoyannis.
GMN 1175.4 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1594
