1656 WHARTON, Thomas (1614 – 1673)
Adenographia: sive, glandularum totius corporis descriptio.
Wharton described the duct of the submaxillary salivary gland (“Wharton’s duct”). He described the thyroid more accurately than his predecessors, naming it. He also described “Wharton’s jelly” of the umbilical cord (p…
GMN 1116 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1196
1855 ADDISON, Thomas (1793 – 1860)
On the constitutional and local effects of disease of the supra-renal capsules.
Addison was the first to draw attention to the importance of the adrenals in clinical medicine. The above work first appeared in the Lond. med. Gaz., 1849, 43, 517-18, and was later expanded into book form. It describ…
GMN 3864 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4914
1886 FRÄNKEL, Felix
Ein Fall von doppelseitigem, völlig latent verlaufenen Nebennieren-tumor und gleichzeitiger Nephritis mit Veränderungen am Circulationsapparat und Retinitis.
Pheochromocytoma first described. Republished in book form.
GMN 3865 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4915
1901 PEPPER, William Jr. (1843 – 1898)
A study of congenital sarcoma of the liver and suprarenal. With report of a case.
Pepper’s type of adrenal medullary tumor.
GMN 3866 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4917
1905 BULLOCH, William (1868 – 1941); SEQUEIRA, James Harry (1865 – 1948)
On the relation of the suprarenal capsules to the sex organs.
First recognition of the “adrenogenital syndrome”. This paper showed a relationship to exist between the adrenals and the sex organs.
GMN 3867 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4918
1907 HUTCHISON, Sir Robert (1871 – 1960)
On suprarenal sarcoma in children with metastases in the skull.
Hutchison’s tumors.
GMN 3868 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4920
1910 BIEDL, Artur (1869 – 1933)
Innere Sekretion.
Biedl showed that the adrenal cortex is essential for life. His classic work shows the rapid development of the knowledge concerning endocrinology. In 1890 there were few publications dealing with internal secretion, …
GMN 1123 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1239
1911 WATERHOUSE, Rupert (1873 – 1958)
A case of suprarenal apoplexy.
Waterhouse–Friderichsen (WFS) syndrome (see also Nos. 4679, 4686).
GMN 4685 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8875
1921 ACHARD, Émile Charles (1860 – 1944); THIERS, Joseph (1885 – )
La virilisme pilaire et son association à l’insuffisance glycolytique (Diabète des femmes à barbe).
“Achard–Thiers syndrome”. These writers established as a definite syndrome the combination of hirsutism with diabetes.
GMN 3870 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4923
1922 LABBÉ, Ernest Marcel (1870 – 1939); ET AL
Crises solaires et hypertension paroxystique en rapport avec une tumeur surrénale.
First full description of chromaffin cell tumors of the adrenal medulla. With J. Tinel and E. Doumer.
GMN 3871 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4924
1925 HOLMES, Sir Gordon Morgan (1876 – 1965)
A case of virilism associated with a suprarenal tumour: recovery after its removal.
Records the first removal (by P. Sargent) of an adrenal cortical tumor. This was followed by disappearance of the heterosexual symptoms, thus establishing the relationship of sexual abnormality and adrenal tumors.
GMN 3872 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4926
1929 ROGOFF, Julius Moses (1883 – 1966); STEWART, George Neil (1860 – 1930)
Suprarenal cortical extracts in suprarenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease).
Rogoff and Stewart were the first to use adrenal cortical extract (“inter-renalin”) in the treatment of adrenal insufficiency. See also No. 1148.
GMN 3873 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4928
1932 PFIFFNER, Joseph John (1903 – 1975); SWINGLE, Wilbur Willis (1891 – 1975)
The adrenal cortical hormone.
The cortical hormone prepared by Swingle and Pfiffner (“eschatin”) was found to be very effective in the treatment of Addison’s disease. Their first paper on the subject appeared in Science, 1930, 71, 321.
GMN 3874 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4930
1933 BROSTER, Lennox Ross (1889 – 1965); VINES, Howard William Copland (1893 – )
The adrenal cortex; a surgical and pathological study.
Includes the demonstration, by Vines, of virilism with the aid of a new stain; cortical cells of the adrenals removed at operation stained an abnormal (red) color – the so-called Ponceau fuchsin stain.
GMN 3875 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4932
1937 YOUNG, Hugh Hampton (1870 – 1945)
Genital abnormalities, hermaphroditism and related adrenal diseases.
GMN 3876 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4934
1939 THORN, George Widmer (1906 – 2004); ET AL
Treatment of adrenal insufficiency by means of subcutaneous implants of pellets of desoxycorticosterone acetate (a synthetic adrenal cortical hormone).
With L. L. Engel and H. Eisenberg. For treatment of Addison’s disease by the same method, see the same journal, pp. 339-65.
GMN 3877 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4936
1945 ROTH, Grace M. (1894 – 1982); KVALE, Walter Frederick (1907 – 1970)
A tentative test for pheochromocytoma.
The Roth–Kvale histamine test for the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.
GMN 3869 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4921
1955 CONN, Jerome W. (1907 – 1994)
Primary aldosteronism, a new clinical syndrome.
Primary aldosteronism (“Conn’s syndrome”).
GMN 3877.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4937
2013 HOFFMAN, Brian Benjamin
Adrenaline.
A history and survey.
GMN 14353 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16683
