1827 SÉGALAS D'ETCHÉPARE, Pierre Salomon (1792 – 1875)

Un moyen d’éclairer l’urètre et la vessie de manière à voir dans l’intérieur de ces organes.

Urethro-cystic speculum (endoscope).

GMN 4165.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5982

1865 DESORMEAUX, Antonin Jean (1815 – 1894)

De l’endoscope et de ses applications au diagnostic et au traitement des affections de l’urèthre et de la vessie.

Desormeaux was a pioneer of endoscopy. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

GMN 4172 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6019

1881 MIKULICZ-RADECKI, Jan (Johann Freiherr von) (1850 – 1905)

Ueber Gastroskopie und Oesophagoskopie.

Mikulicz was the first to use the electric oesophagoscope invented by Leiter in 1880. He was among the most distinguished of Billroth’s pupils and contributed much to cancer surgery.

GMN 3475 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5660

1900 –1901 KILLIAN, Gustav (1860 – 1921)

Ueber Magenspiegelung.

Describes the first clinical use of the oesophagoscope by Kussmaul in 1867-68. The latter made only brief mention of it himself in his paper on the stomach pump, Dtsch. Arch. klin. Med., 1869, 6, 456.

GMN 3521 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4010

1907 JACKSON, Chevalier (1865 – 1958)

Tracheo-bronchoscopy, esophagoscopy and gastroscopy.

First textbook on endoscopy.

GMN 3337 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4599

1923 MCCARTHY, Joseph Francis (1874 – 1965)

A new type of observation and operating cysto-urethroscope.

McCarthy foroblique pan-endoscope.

GMN 4198.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6163

1958 HIRSCHOWITZ, Basil Isaac (1925 – 2013)

Demonstration of the new gastroscope, the “fiberscope”.

The Hirschowitz fiber optic endoscope, the "Fiberscope." In February 1957 Hirschowitz passed the first prototype instrument down his own throat and, a few days later, down that of a patient. Hirschowitz gave the first…

GMN 3558.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4072