1891 BURCKHARDT, Johann Gottlieb (1836 – 1907)

Ueber Rindenexcisionen, als Beitrag zur operativen Therapie der Psychosen.

Burckhardt, physician at a Swiss mental hospital, performed frontal lobotomy on four patients in 1890, with good results in some cases. Digital facsimile from Universitätsbibliothek Bern at this link.

GMN 4864 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5661

1936 EGAS MONIZ, Antonio Caetano de Abreu Freire (1874 – 1955)

Essai d’un traitement chirurgical de certaines psychoses.

Prefrontal leucotomy (lobotomy). Translation in J. Neurosurg., 1964, 21, 1110-14. See also Egas Moniz's book Tentatives opératoires dans le traitement de certaines psychoses, Paris, 1936. His name was originally Anton…

GMN 4905 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5959

1936 FREEMAN, Walter Jackson II (1895 – 1972); WATTS, James Winston (1904 – 1994)

Prefrontal lobotomy in agitated depression. Report of a case.

See also the book by the same authors, Psychosurgery: Intelligence, emotion, and social behavior following prefrontal lobotomy for mental disorders. Springfield: Charles C Thomas, 1942. By the 1950s lobotomy was large…

GMN 4906 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5964

1947 SPIEGEL, Ernest Adolf (1895 – 1985); WYCIS, Henry T. (1911 – 1972); ET AL

Stereotaxic apparatus for operations on the human brain.

"The first successful cranial application of stereotactic surgery in humans is credited to the team of Ernest Spiegel and Henry Wycis in the Department of Experimental Neurology at Temple University in Philadelphia (S…

GMN 4912.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6004