1851 PARKER, Willard (1800 – 1884)
Cystitis; lateral operation on the bladder, death; tuberculous kidney.
First cystotomy for inflammation and rupture of the bladder.
GMN 4169 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5997
1852 SIMON, Sir John (1816 – 1904)
Ectropia vesicae (absence of the anterior walls of the bladder and pubic abdominal parietes); operation for directing the orifices of the ureters into the rectum; temporary success; subsequent death; autopsy.
First uretero-intestinal anastomosis.
GMN 4169.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6003
1854 DRESSLER, Lucas Anton (1815 – 1896)
Ein Fall von intermittirender Albumenurie und Chromaturie.
Paroxysmalcold hemoglobinuria described. English translation in No. 2241.
GMN 4169.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6007
1859 PANCOAST, Joseph (1805 – 1882)
Plastic operation for exstrophy of the bladder in the male; reported by S. D. Gross.
Pancoast performed the first successful operation for exstrophy of the bladder (ectopia vesicae).
GMN 4170 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6012
1860 HELLER, Johann Florian (1813 – 1871)
Die Harnconcretionen.
Heller introduced several urine tests and wrote (above) an important work on urinary calculi.
GMN 4291 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5368
1865 HARLEY, George (1829 – 1896)
On intermittent haematuria; with remarks upon its pathology and treatment.
Harley’s classic description of paroxysmal hemoglobinuria, “Harley’s disease”.
GMN 4171 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6015
1865 DESORMEAUX, Antonin Jean (1815 – 1894)
De l’endoscope et de ses applications au diagnostic et au traitement des affections de l’urèthre et de la vessie.
Desormeaux was a pioneer of endoscopy. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
GMN 4172 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6019
1868 THOMPSON, Sir Henry (1820 – 1904)
Clinical lectures on diseases of the urinary organs.
Thompson was Professor of Clinical Surgery at University College, London, and an eminent genito-urinary surgeon. He performed the operation of lithotrity upon Leopold I and Napoleon III; he also developed the two-glas…
GMN 4173 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6044
1870 SIMON, Gustav (1824 – 1876)
Exstirpation einer Niere am Menschen.
First successful planned nephrectomy for urinary tract fistula. A more detailed, illustrated account of the case appears in No. 4214.
GMN 4213 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6266
1874 BOTTINI, Enrico (1837 – 1903)
Di un nuovo cauterizzatore ed incisore termo-galvanico contro le iscurie da ipertrofia prostatica.
Bottini’s galvano-cautery for relief of prostatic obstruction.
GMN 4261 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5218
1875 GUSSENBAUER, Carl (1842 – 1903)
Exstirpation eines Harnblasenmyoms nach vorausgehendem tiefen und hohen Blasenschnitt. Heilung.
First abdominal resection of a tumor of the bladder. The operation was performed by Billroth.
GMN 4174 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6048
1876 GRÜNFELD, Joseph (1840 – 1910)
Sondirung des Harnleiters mit Hilfe des Endoskops.
Successful catheterization of the ureter under vision.
GMN 4174.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6051
1878 BIGELOW, Henry Jacob (1818 – 1890)
Lithotrity by a single operation.
Introduction of litholapaxy at one sitting.
GMN 4292 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5372
1879 NITZE, Maximilian Carl-Friedrich (1848 – 1906)
Eine neue Beobachtungs- und Untersuchungsmethode für Harnröhre, Harnblase und Rectum.
Nitze devised an electrically lighted cystoscope in 1877, which made possible great improvements in the surgery of the bladder.
GMN 4175 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6055
1881 FLEISCHER, Richard (1848 – 1909)
Ueber eine neue Form von Haemoglobinurie beim Menschen.
First description of “march hemoglobinuria” – the condition in which physical exertion gives rise to the passage of red urine containing hemoglobin in solution.
GMN 4176 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6058
1881 GUYON, Jean Casimir Félix (1831 – 1920)
Leçons cliniques sur les maladies des voies urinaires.
Guyon was the outstanding French urologist of his day, an operator of great skill and a brilliant lithotomist.
GMN 4177 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6062
1881 ROBERTS, Sir William (1830 – 1899)
On the occurrence of micro-organisms in fresh urine.
Roberts reported a relationship between the finding of bacteria in the urine and the development of cystitis after catheterization.
GMN 4177.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6065
1882 SENATOR, Hermann (1834 – 1911)
Die Albuminurie im gesunden und kranken Zustande.
GMN 4178 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6069
1883 HAMMOND, William Alexander (1828 – 1900)
Sexual impotence in the male.
One of the earliest serious medical studies of the subject from the anatomical, physiological, emotional, and psychological points of view. In the second edition (1887) retitled Sexual impotence in the male and female…
GMN 12752 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14998
1884 OTIS, Fessenden Nott (1825 – 1900)
The hydrochlorate of cocaine in genito-urinary procedures.
Local anesthesia first employed in urology.
GMN 4179 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6073
1884 THOMPSON, Sir Henry (1820 – 1904)
On tumours of the bladder.
Includes description of Thompson’s operation for tumors of the bladder.
GMN 4180 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6078
1885 PAVY, Frederick William (1829 – 1911)
On cyclic albuminuria (albuminuria in the apparently healthy).
“Pavy’s disease” – recurrent albuminuria.
GMN 4181 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6081
1886 MACCORMAC, Sir William (1836 – 1901)
Some observations on rupture of the urinary bladder, with an account of two cases of intra-peritoneal rupture successfully treated by abdominal section and subsequent suture of the vesical rent.
MacCormac introduced an operation for the treatment of intraperitoneal rupture of the bladder.
GMN 4182 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6083
1888 MCGILL, Arthur Ferguson (1846 – 1890)
On supra-pubic prostatectomy, with three cases in which the operation was successfully performed for chronic prostatic hypertrophy.
McGill pioneered the operation of suprapubic prostatectomy, first performed by him in March 1887.
GMN 4262.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5225
1888 GUYON, Jean Casimir Félix (1831 – 1920)
Leçons cliniques sur les affections chirurgicales de la vessie et de la prostate.
Guyon was Professor of genitourinary surgery at Paris, and a great teacher (see also No. 4177).
GMN 4183 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6085
1888 BOZEMAN, Nathan (1825 – 1905)
Chronic pyelitis, successfully treated by kolpo-uretero-cystotomy.
Bozeman treated vesical and fecal fistulae in women, dealing with the complication of pyelitis by catheterization of the ureter through a vesicovaginal opening.
GMN 4221 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6309
1889 MIKULICZ-RADECKI, Jan (Johann Freiherr von) (1850 – 1905)
Zur Operation der angeborenen Blasenspalte.
First enterocystoplasty.
GMN 4183.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6087
1889 NITZE, Maximilian Carl-Friedrich (1848 – 1906)
Lehrbuch der Kystoskopie.
Nitze introduced the cystoscope in 1877 (see No. 4175) and in 1889 published his important monograph on cystoscopy.
GMN 4184 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6089
1890 BOTTINI, Enrico (1837 – 1903)
Ueber radicale Behandlung der auf Hypertrophie der Prostata beruhenden Ischurie.
Bottini’s Operation for hypertrophy of the prostate.
GMN 4262 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5221
1891 PAWLIK, Karel (1849 – 1914)
Über Blasenekstirpation.
First successful total cystectomy.
GMN 4184.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6090
1891 ALBARRAN Y DOMINGUEZ, Joaquin Maria (1860 – 1912)
Les tumeurs de la vessie.
Includes description of “Albarran’s glands”, subtrigonal glands in the bladder. He introduced a classification based on embryological origin. See also No. 4195.
GMN 4185 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6094
1891 REMONDINO, Peter Charles
History of circumcision from the earliest times to the present. Moral and physical reasons for its performance with a history of eunuchism, hermaphrodism, etc., and of the different operations practiced upon the prepuce.
Digital edition from Gutenberg.org at this link.
GMN 11124 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13320
1893 BROWN, James (1854 – 1895)
Catheterization of the male ureters. A preliminary report.
First catheterization of male ureters.
GMN 4185.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6096
1893 VAN HOOK, Weller (1862 – 1933)
The surgery of the ureters. A clinical, literary, and experimental research.
Uretero-ureterostomy. Van Hook originated modern methods of ureteral repair.
GMN 4186 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6098
1893 KELLY, Howard Atwood (1858 – 1943)
The examination of the female bladder and the catheterization of the ureters under direct inspection.
Kelly introduced aeroscopic examination of the bladder and catheterization of the ureters. See also Ann. Surg., 1898, 27, 475-86.
GMN 4187 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6099
1894 KELLY, Howard Atwood (1858 – 1943)
Uretero-ureteral anastomosis; uretero-ureterostomy.
Kelly’s method of uretero-ureteral anastomosis included the use of the catheter as a temporary ureteral splint.
GMN 4188 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6102
1894 MAYDL, Karel (1853 – 1913)
Ueber die Radikaltherapie der Ektopia vesicae urinariae.
Maydl’s operation, uretero-intestinal anastomosis.
GMN 4188.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6104
1894 NITZE, Maximilian Carl-Friedrich (1848 – 1906)
Kystophotographischer Atlas.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 8970 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11149
1895 FULLER, Eugene (1858 – 1930)
Six successful and successive cases of prostatectomy.
Fuller was the first to accomplish the removal of both intra-vesical and intra-urethral enlargements of the prostate by the process of suprapubic enucleation.
GMN 4263 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5228
1895 PÉAN, Jules-Émile (1830 – 1898)
Vessie et urètre surnuméraires.
Péan was first to operate on diverticula of the bladder.
GMN 4189 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6106
1896 MACINTYRE, John (1857 – 1928)
Roentgen rays. Photography of renal calculus.
First radiogram of renal calculus.
GMN 4293 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5383
1897 NITZE, Maximilian Carl-Friedrich (1848 – 1906)
Eine neue Modifikation des Harnleiterkatheters.
With Nitze’s operative cystoscope it became possible to excise bladder tumors in situ.
GMN 4190 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6110
1899 BEVAN, Arthur Dean (1860 – 1943)
Operation for undescended testicle and congenital inguinal hernia.
Bevan’s operation for undescended testicle.
GMN 4191 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6114
1899 TUFFIER, Théodore (1857 – 1929)
Sonde urétérale opaque. In Traité de chirurgie, 2e ed. vol. 7, p. 414.
Tuffier made the first pioneer attempt to visualize the urinary tract by the combination of an opaque ureteral styletted catheter and radiography.
GMN 4191.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6119
1900 PROUST, Robert Emile Sigismond Léon (1873 – 1935)
De la prostatectomie périnéale totale. Thèse de doctorat en médecine.
Proust performed the first radical perineal prostatectomy. He was the younger brother of the writer Marcel Proust. Digital facsimile from BnFgallica at this link.
GMN 11136 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13332
1901 FREYER, Sir Peter Johnston (1851 – 1921)
A clinical lecture on total extirpation of the prostate for radical cure of enlargement of that organ with four successful cases.
Freyer claimed priority over Fuller (No. 4263) in originating the rectovesical method of prostatectomy. Although mistaken in this claim, Freyer certainly popularized the operation. Regarding the controversy, see Brit.…
GMN 4264 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5232
1901 ILLYÉS, Géza (1870 – 1951)
Uretercatheterezés és radiographia.
Géza von Illyés showed that ureteral calculi could be accurately demonstrated by x rays with the help of an indwelling opaque catheter. German translation in Dtsch. Z. Chir., 1901, 62, 132-40.
GMN 4294 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5388
1901 KELLY, Howard Atwood (1858 – 1943)
Scratch-marks on the wax-tipped catheter as a means of determining the presence of stone in the kidney and in the ureter.
Kelly tipped the catheter with wax, so that it registered clearly any pressure from sharp stones. This became an important means of diagnosing calculi.
GMN 4295 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5393
1902 MARTIN, Edward (1859 – 1938); CARNETT, John Benton (1890 – 1988)
The surgical treatment of sterility due to obstruction at the epididymis. Together with a study of the morphology of human spermatozoa.
Martin and colleagues reported on the study of 192 sterile couples. Martin pointed out "that 33 (17%) of the men in this group were azoospermic and two more could produce no ejaculate at all. From an examination of th…
GMN 12790 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15036
1903 YOUNG, Hugh Hampton (1870 – 1945)
Conservative perineal prostatectomy.
Young’s operation of perineal prostatectomy.
GMN 4265 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5234
