2013 MEMISH, Ziad A.; MISHRA, Nischay; OLIVAL, Kevin J.
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus in bats, Saudi Arabia.
Dated November 2013. The authors collected bat feces from sites in Bisha, Saudi Arabia found less than 1-12 kilometers from the place of employment or home of an index case-patient there, and performed total nucleic a…
GMN 10878 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13074
2014 AZHAR, Esam I.; EL-KAFRAWY, Sherif; FARRAJ, Suma A.; ET AL
Brief report: Evidence for camel-to-human transmission of MERS coronavirus.
Dated June 26, 2014. Using viral genomics and PCR, the Saudi authors demonstrated that full genome sequences of a man, and the camel he had contact with, were identical. Available from nejm.org at this link. (Thanks t…
GMN 10879 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13075
2014 BAIZE, Sylvain; PANNETIER, Delphine; OESTEREICH, Lisa; ET AL
Emergence of Zaire Ebola virus disease in Guinea.
Order of authorship in the original paper: Baize, Pannetier, Oestereich. The authors used PCR, viral sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis to track down the index case, a two-year-old child in Meliandou village, Guéké…
GMN 10928 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13124
2014 SCHIEFFELIN, John S.; SCHAFFER, Jeffrey G.; GOBA, Augustine; ET AL
Clinical illness and outcomes in patients with Ebola in Sierra Leone.
Order of authorship in the original paper: Schieffelin, Shaffer, Goba. The authors used "quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assays to assess the load of Ebola virus (EBOV, Zaire species) in a…
GMN 10929 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13125
2014 LYON, G. Marshall; MEHTA, Aneesh K.; VARKEY, Jay B.; ET AL
Clinical care of two patients with Ebola virus disease in the United States.
Report on Ebola virus disease management from the Emory University unit and its specialists detailing the diagnosis, management, complications and expectations of this illness for infectious disease physicians. The au…
GMN 10930 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13126
2014 CRAWFORD, Dorothy H.; JOHANNESSEN, Ingófur; RICKINSON, Alan Bernard
Cancer virus: The story of Epstein-Barr virus.
GMN 11346 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13544
2014 TAYLOR, Milton W.
Viruses and man: A history of interactions.
GMN 12043 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14251
2015 KOSOY, Olga L.; LAMBERT, Amy J.; HAWKINSON, Dana J.; STAPLES, Jennifer Erin; ET AL
Novel thogotovirus associated with febrile illness and death, United States, 2014.
Order of authorship in the original paper: Kosoy, Lambert, Hawkinson, Staples. Discovery of a new tick-borne Thogotovirus named by the authors "Bourbon virus" after Bourbon County, Kansas. (Thanks to Juan Weiss for th…
GMN 10917 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13113
2015 LUO, Li-Mei; ZHAO, Li; WEN, Hong-Ling; ET AL
Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks as reservoir and vector of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in China.
Order of authorship in the original paper: Luo, Zhao, Wen. Discovery that the tick H longicornis can transmit the SFTSV transstadially and transovarially, and could potentially be both the reservoir and vector of the …
GMN 10919 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13115
2015 WHITWORTH, Kristin Marie; ROWLAND, Raymond R. R.; EWEN, Catherine L.; PRATHER, Randall S.; ET AL
Gene-edited pigs are protected from porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.
Order of authorship in the original publication: Whitworth, Rowland, Ewen, ... Prather. Using the CRISPR Cas molecular gene-editing tool, Prather and colleagues edited the gene that codes for the CD163 protein in adul…
GMN 11848 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14052
2016 ROOSSINCK, Marilyn J.
Virus: An illustrated guide to 101 incredible microbes.
Includes historical data, spectacular color photomicrographs, drawings, and geographical range maps for 101 viruses
GMN 7804 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9976
2016 PRITT, Bobbi S.; JOHNSON, Diep K. Hoang; MEAD, Paul S.; ET AL
Identification of a novel pathogenic Borrelia species causing Lyme borreliosis with unusually high spirochaetemia: A descriptive study.
Order of authorship in the original publication: Pritt, Mead, Johnson. Discovery of Lyme Borreliosis or Borrelia mayonii, a new variant of B. burgdorferi. (Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)
GMN 10922 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13118
2016 BREMAN, Joel G.; HEYMANN, David L.; LLOYD, Graham; ET AL
Discovery and description of Ebola Zaire virus in 1976 and relevance to the West African epidemic during 2013-2016.
A first hand account of events as they occurred in Yambuku in 1976, including the causes and reasons for the spread of Ebola within the Yambuku Mission hospital, the probable index event/patient (not identified), and …
GMN 10925 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13121
2016 SIROHI, Devika; KUHN, Richard J.; ROSSMANN, Michael G. (1930 – 2019); ET AL
The 3.8Å resolution cryo-EM structure of Zika Virus.
Order of authorship in the original paper: Sirohi, Rossmann, Kuhn. Using cryogenic-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), the authors presented the molecular structure of the Zika virus at 3.8Å resolution. Digital facsimile f…
GMN 10941 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13137
2016 DUTRA, Heverton Leandor Carneiro; ROCHA, Marcele Neves; MOREIRA, Luciano Andrade; ET AL
Wolbachia blocks currently circulating Zika virus isololates in Brazilian Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.
Order of authorship in the original paper: Dutra, Rocha, Moreira. The authors infected lab populations of mosquitos with Wolbachia pipientis, a common parasitic microbe that infects a high proportion of insects. They …
GMN 10942 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13138
2016 CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION (CDC)
Local mosquito-borne transmission of Zika virus - Miami - Dade and Broward counties, Florida, June-August 2016.
First report on Zika virus infections in the U.S., tracing the area of infection to a specific square mile, creating a buffer zone around the area, targeting it for spraying and mosquito collection, intervention, mass…
GMN 10944 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13140
2017 SPINNEY, Laura
Pale Rider: The Spanish flu of 1918 and how It changed the world.
GMN 9691 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11878
2017 GRUBAUGH, Nathan D.; LADNER, Jason T.; KRAEMER, Moritz U.G.; ET AL
Genomic epidemiology reveals multiple introductions of Zika virus into the United States.
Order of authorship in the original publication: Grubaugh, Ladner, Kraemer. The authors found that the Zika virus was introduced into Florida at least 4 times, but perhaps as many as 40 times, before it was detected, …
GMN 10945 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13141
2017 KARIKÓ, Katalin (1955 – ); WEISSMAN, Drew; PARDI, Norbert; ET AL
Zika virus protection by a single low-dose nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccination.
Prior to their development of the mRNA vaccine for Covid-19, Karikó and Weissman (Nobel Prize 2023) and colleagues used a novel mRNA vaccine, with base modifications created in their laboratory, to generate a protecti…
GMN 14201 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16517
2018 PIERSON, Theodore C.; DIAMOND, Michael
The emergence of Zika virus and its new clinical syndromes.
Order of authorship in the original publication: Pierson, Diamond. Analyzes, and documents with 147 references, the variety of new clinical syndromes, including fetal / in utero effects, caused by the Zika virus. Also…
GMN 10946 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13142
2018 FOLEY, Paul Bernard
Encephalitis lethargica: The mind and brain virus.
Both an historical and a scientific study.
GMN 12636 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14877
2019 GREWER, Anna; BLEYER, Martina; MATZ-RENSING, Kerstin; ET AL
Kaposi sarcoma in mantled guereza.
Order of authorship in original publication: Grewer, Bleyer, Matz-Rensing. Further work on the CBGHV1 (Colobine gammherpesvirus 1) which causes a pathology in the Colobus monkey very similar to that seen humans. (Than…
GMN 10913 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13109
2019 WANG, Ze-Dong; WANG, Bo; WEI, Feng; ET AL
A new segmented virus associated with human febrile illness in China.
Order of authorship in the original paper: Wang, Ze-Dong; Wang, Bo; Wei, Feng. Discovery of a new tick-borne virus that the authors name the "Alongshan virus" (ALSV) in the family Flaviridae. Digital facsimile from ne…
GMN 10916 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13112
2020 HAMPTON, Hannah G.; WATSON, Bridget N. J.; FINERAN, Peter C.
The arms race between bacteria and their phage foes.
Order of authorship in the original publication: Hampton, Watson, Fineran. Summarizes, and documents with 173 references, the extensive research on the multitude of methods that bacteriophages use to disable the CRISP…
GMN 11868 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14072
2020 MENDOZA, Senen D.; NIEWEGLOWSKA, Eliza S.; GOVINDARAJAN, Sutharsan; ET AL
A bacteriophage nucleus like compartment shields DNA from CRISPR nucleases.
Order of authorship in the original publication: Mendoza, Nieweglowska, Govindarajan. The authors showed that the large phage that specifically infects a Pseudomonas bacterium segregates its DNA, which the phage CRISP…
GMN 11876 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14080
2020 DOUDNA, Jennifer Anne (1964 – ); AL-SHAYEB, Basem; SACHDEVA, Rohan; CHEN, Lin-Xin; ET AL
Clades of huge phages from across Earth's ecosystems.
Order of authorship in the original publication: Al-Shayeb, Sachdeva, Chen.... Doudna. Open access, available from nature.com at this link. This paper was a collaboration of about 50 scientists of diverse regions and …
GMN 11877 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14081
2020 HOLSHUE, Michelle L.; DEBOLT, Chas; LINDQUIST, Scott; COHN, Amanda C.; ET AL
First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States.
Published on March 5, 2020. Order of authorship in the original publication: Holshue, DeBolt, Lindquist....Cohn. "Summary "An outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) that began in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly, w…
GMN 12073 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14282
2020 SHI, Zhengli (1964 – ); ZHOU, Peng; YANG, Xing-Lou
A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin.
This article was published in Nature on 3 February 2020. Prior to that a version with a different title and numerous other co-authors was published in bioRxiv on 23 January 2020, as "Discovery of a novel coronavirus a…
GMN 12074 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14283
2020 MURRAY, Christopher J. L.
IHME COVID-19 health service utilization forecasting team. Forecasting COVID-19 impact on hospital bed-days, ICU-days, ventilator days and deaths by US state in the next 4 months.
This paper was published online on March 26, 2020 and updated periodically. When I added it to this database on April 2, 2020 it had been updated on March 31, 2020. At that time the paper was available from healthdata…
GMN 12100 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14309
2020 HOLMES, Edward Charles (1965 – ); WU, Fan; ZHAO, Su; ZHANG, Yong-Zhen (Zhang Yongzhen) (1964 – ); ET AL
A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China.
Order of authorship in the original publication: Wu, Zhao...Holmes, Zang. This was the first paper written in China, and published in a Western language, on the first COVID-19 patient admitted to any Wuhan hospital on…
GMN 12119 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14328
2020 MOFFATT, Christie
Archiving web content on the Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19).
https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2020/03/26/archiving-web-content-on-the-coronavirus-disease-covid-19/ "The National Library of Medicine is archiving web and social media documenting the Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbr…
GMN 12156 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14366
2020 DOCUMENTING THE NOW
Documenting COVID-19, [a collaborative document.]
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1v5tso8spFq6SpW53h2OJULcdRoPEbyI6xpah31kW-H0/edit [I copied this document into this database on April 9, 2020.] "Documenting COVID-19 "https://bit.ly/doc-covid19 #doccovid19 This is …
GMN 12157 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14367
2020 APUZZO, Mark (1978 – ); KIRKPATRICK, David D. (1970 – )
Covid-19 changed how the world does science, together. Never before, scientists say, have so many of the world's researchers focused so urgently on a single topic. Nearly all other research has ground to a halt.
April 1, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/01/world/europe/coronavirus-science-research-cooperation.html "Using flag-draped memes and military terminology, the Trump administration and its Chinese counterparts hav…
GMN 12190 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14400
2020 JIANG, Chenyang; LIAN, Xiadong; GAO, Ce; ET AL
Distinct viral reservoirs in individuals with spontaneous control of HIV-1.
The authors describe a mechanism for the observed natural viral "immunity" of individuals with spontaneous control of HIV-1. A very few exceptional people have the molecular ability to steer the incoming/infecting cel…
GMN 13479 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15753
2020 WRAPP, Daniel; WANG, Nianshuang; CORBETT, Kizzmekia Shanta (1986 – ); GRAHAM, Barney S.; ET AL
Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation.
Posted online on February 17, 2020. 2019-nCoV was an interim name for the Novel Coronavirus. These studies, which included the 3D structure of the RBD (receptor binding domain) within the S protein, provided informati…
GMN 13483 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15757
2020 SHIN, Matthew D.; SHUKLA, Sourabh; CHUNG, Young Hun; STEINMETZ, Nicole F.; ET AL
COVID-19 vaccine development and a potential nanomaterial path forward.
Published 15 July 2020. Order of authorship in original publication: Shin, Shukla, Chung....Steinmetz. Probably the first publication on the type of nanotechnology involved in production of the Moderna and Pfizer mRNA…
GMN 13484 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15758
2020 HOLMES, Edward Charles (1965 – ); ZHANG, Yong-Zhen (Zhang Yongzhen) (1964 – )
Novel 2019 coronavirus genome.
https://virological.org/t/novel-2019-coronavirus-genome/319 "Novel 2019 coronavirus genome "10th January 2020 "This posting is communicated by Edward C. Holmes, University of Sydney on behalf of the consortium led by …
GMN 13485 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15759
2020 POLACK, Fernando P.; THOMAS, Stephen J.; KITCHIN, Nicholas; ET AL
Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine.
BNT162b2 is synonomous with the Pfizer BioNTech mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. The Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine was produced from theoretical design to finished product and distribution in less than one year. This was the fir…
GMN 13506 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15781
2020 ROTHE, Camilla (1974 – ); SCHUNK, Mirjam; SOTHMANN, Peter; ET AL
Correspondence. Transmission of 2019 nCoV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany.
Posted online 1-30-20, updated 2-6-20, and published in print on March 5, 2020. First report of the "asymptomatic transmission" of Covid-19. The authors wrote, “The fact that asymptomatic persons are potential sources…
GMN 13519 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15794
2021 SLAVITT, Andrew M.
Preventable: The inside story of how leadership failures, politics, and selfishness doomed the U.S. coronavirus response.
GMN 13401 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15673
2021 BADEN, Lindsey Robert; EL SAHLY, Hana M.; ESSINK, Brandon; ET AL
Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARSCov-2 vaccine.
mRNA-1273 is synonymous with the Moderna mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. The Moderna mRNA vaccine was produced from theoretical design to finished product and distribution in less than one year. This was the first published pa…
GMN 13507 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15782
2021 WEINREICH, David. M.; SIVAPALASINGAM, Sumathi; NORTON, Thomas; ET AL
REGN-COV-2, a neutralizing antibody cocktail, in outpatients with Covid-19.
The authors showed that the Regeneron antibody cocktail has a low incidence of side effects and a profound and rapid effect on viral load, with most reduction occurring within 48 hours, even in patents with the highes…
GMN 13524 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15800
2021 OWEN, Dafydd R.; ALLERTON, Charlotte M. N.; ANDERSON, Annaliesa S.
An oral SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor clinical candidate for the treatment of COVID-19.
The authors showed how a coronavirus specific protease inhibitor designed in the lab, that could be administered by mouth to humans, achieved excellent plasma concentrations and antiviral potency. This drug, marketed …
GMN 14023 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16330
2022 WOROBEY, Michael; PEKAR, Jonathan E.; PARKER, Edyth; ET AL
The molecular epidemiology of multiple zoonotic origins of SARS-Co-V-2.
Abstract: "We analyzed the genomic diversity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) early in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We show that SARS-CoV-2 genomic diversity before …
GMN 14169 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16484
