1953 MCCLINTOCK, Barbara (1902 – 1992)
Induction of instability at selected loci in maize.
McClintock (Nobel Prize 1983) discovered transposable elements or jumping genes. She found that certain parts of chromosome had switched position. This refuted the then-popular theory that genes were fixed in their po…
GMN 14072 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16383
1959 BENZER, Seymour (1921 – 2007)
On the topology of the genetic fine structure.
Benzer developed "the T4 rII system, a new genetic technique involving recombination in T4 bacteriophage rII mutants. After observing that a particular rII mutant, a mutation that caused the bacteriophage to eliminate…
GMN 13942 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16240
1960 JACOB, François (1920 – 2013); MONOD, Jacques (1910 – 1976); ET AL
L'opéron: Groupe de gènes à expression coordonnée par un opérateur.
Jacob and Monod received their share of the Nobel Prize in 1965 for their discoveries concerning the operon and viral synthesis. The first operon they described was the lac operon in E. coli. Their operon theory sugge…
GMN 13995 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16299
1987 CAPECCHI, Mario Ramberg (1937 – ); THOMAS, Kirk R.
Site-directed mutagenesis by gene targeting in mouse embryo-derived stem cells.
In 2007 Capecchi shared the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Martin J. Evans and Oliver Smithies "for their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of em…
GMN 13931 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16226
2022 KORZH, Vladimir P.; GASANOV, Eugene V.
Genetics of atavism.
Abstract: "Atavisms have attracted people’s attention for a long time. First, atavisms excited their imagination and created fertile ground for myths and superstitions. With the development of science, atavisms became…
GMN 14107 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16418
12963 PAULING, Linus Carl (1901 – 1994); ZUCKERKANDL, Émile (1922 – 2013)
Chemical paleogenetics: Molecular "restoration studies' of extinct forms of life.
Coinage of the term "paleogenetics" in what may be the first publication on the possibility of reconstructing extinct life forms through molecular biology. "Attention is attracted to the possibility of reconstructing …
GMN 14368 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16700
