1932 FLEMING, Sir Alexander (1881 – 1955)
On the specific antibacterial properties of penicillin and potassium tellurite. Incorporating a method of demonstrating some bacterial antagonisms.
In this paper Fleming first described the use of penicillin as an antibacterial agent in man, and reported on experiments using it as a wound dressing for septic wounds. He also corrected the species name from Penicil…
GMN 10784 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/12980
1933 CHOPRA, Ram Nath (1882 – 1973); ET AL
The pharmacological action of an alkaloid obtained from Rauwolfia serpentina Benth. A preliminary note.
R. N. Chopra, J. C. Gupta, and B. Mukherjee demonstrated the sedative and hypotensive effect of an alkaloid isolated from Rauwolfia serpentina (reserpine).
GMN 1923 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2706
1933 CLARK, Alfred Joseph (1885 – 1941)
The mode of action of drugs on cells.
GMN 1924 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2709
1933 TILLETT, William Smith (1892 – 1974); GARNER, Raymond Loraine (1906 – )
The fibrinolytic activity of hemolytic streptococci.
Tillett and Garner discovered a substance elaborated by a strain of haemolytic streptococcus which promoted lysis of fibrin and is now known as streptokinase.
GMN 1924.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2711
1933 VIALLI, Maffo (1897 – 1983); ERSPAMER, Vittorio (1909 – 1999)
Cellule enterocromaffini e cellule basigranulose acidofile nei vertebrati. (Ricerche istochimiche.)
Vialli and Erspamer reported “enteramine”, which Erspamer and B. Asero (Nature, Lond., 1952, 169, 800-01) found to be identical with 5-hydroxytryptamine, isolated and named serotonin by M. M. Rapport et al. in 1948 (J…
GMN 1924.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2713
1933 PIA, Pascal (1903 – 1979)
Bouquet poëtique des médecins, chirurgiens, dentistes et apothicaires.
GMN 6621 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7678
1933 SMITH, Huron Herbert (1883 – 1933)
Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians.
Digital facsimile from swsbm.com at this link.
GMN 9348 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11530
1933 MARTÍNEZ MARTÍNEZ, Maximino (1888 – 1964)
Las plantas medicinales de México.
Contains information on 833 species.
GMN 12802 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15048
1934 ÅGREN, Karl Gunnar (1907 – 1982)
Ueber die pharmakodynamischen Wirkungen und chemischen Eigenschaften des Secretins.
Preparation of crystalline secretin.
GMN 1039 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1024
1934 TATUM, Arthur Lawrie (1884 – 1955); COOPER, Garrett Arthur (1904 – )
An experimental study of mapharsen (meta-amino para-hydroxy phenyl arsine oxide) as an antisyphilitic agent.
Introduction of mapharsen.
GMN 2415 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3412
1934 RENAUD, Henri-Paul-Joseph (1881 – 1945); COLIN, Georges Séraphin (1893 – 1977)
Tuhfat al-ahbāb: Glossaire de la matière médicale Marocaine.
GMN 8533 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10710
1934 DIOSCORIDES, Pedanius [Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης] (40 – 90); GOODYER, John (1592 – 1664); GUNTHER, Robert William Theodore (1869 – 1940)
The Greek herbal of Dioscorides, illustrated by a Byzantine, A.D. 512; Englished by John Goodyer, A.D. 1655; edited and first printed, A.D. 1933, by Robert T. Gunther ... with three hundred and ninety-six illustrations.
Goodyer's translation is considered more of a paraphrase than a translation.
GMN 8564 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10741
1935 URDANG, George (1882 – 1960); ADLUNG, Alfred Artur Max (1875 – 1937)
Grundriss der Geschichte der deutschen Pharmazie.
GMN 2057 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2303
1935 DOMAGK, Gerhard Johannes Paul (1895 – 1964)
Ein Beitrag zur Chemotherapie der bakteriellen Infektionen.
Introduction of Prontosil, the first drug containing sulfanilamide. In 1939 Domagk was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for the discovery of the antibacterial effects of prontosil."
GMN 1949 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2824
1935 BOVET, Daniel (1907 – 1992); TRÉFOUËL, Jacques (1897 – 1977); TRÉFOUËL, Thérèse (1892 – 1978); NITTI, Federico (1903 – 1947)
Activité du p-aminophénylsulfamide sur les infections streptococciques expérimentales de la souris et du lapin.
The Tréfouëls and colleagues assumed that the sulfonamide group was responsible for the results obtained with Domagk’s Prontosil. Their work led them to introduce sulfanilamide.
GMN 1950 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2826
1935 DUDLEY, Harold Ward (1887 – 1935); MOIR, John Chassar (1900 – 1977)
The substance responsible for the traditional clinical effect of ergot.
Isolation and introduction of ergometrine.
GMN 6230 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7859
1935 UKERS, William Harrison (1873 – 1945)
All about tea. 2 vols.
Covers the historical, technical, scientific, commercial, social and artistic dimensions of tea. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
GMN 13845 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16135
1936 –1939 VAN DYKE, Harry Benjamin (1895 – 1971)
The physiology and pharmacology of the pituitary body. 2 vols.
Includes an extensive bibliography.
GMN 1172 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1574
1936 HAGEDORN, Hans Christian (1888 – 1971); ET AL
Protamine insulinate.
Hagedorn created NPH insulin and founded Nordisk Insulinlaboratorium, known today as Novo Nordisk. NPH insulin is one of the earliest examples of engineering drug delivery. Hagedorn became interested in modifying the …
GMN 3974 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5285
1936 COLEBROOK, Leonard (1883 – 1967); KENNY, Méave
Treatment of human puerperal infections, and of experimental infections in mice, with prontosil.
Chemotherapeutic treatment of puerperal sepsis.
GMN 6281 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8005
1936 –1949 LAIGNEL-LAVASTINE, Paul-Marie Maxime (1875 – 1953)
Histoire générale de la médecine, de la pharmacie, de l’art dentaire et de l’art véterinaire. 3 vols.
This splendidly produced work, beautifully illustrated, was written by experts in each branch of the subject, with Laignel-Lavastine as general editor.
GMN 6430 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8421
1937 GRIER, James
A history of pharmacy.
GMN 2058 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2310
1937 BOVET, Daniel (1907 – 1992); STAUB, Anne-Marie (1914 – 2012)
Action protectrice des éthers phénoliques au cours de l’intoxication histaminique.
First description of structure and action of an antihistamine. In 1957 Bovet was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine “for his discoveries relating to synthetic compounds that inhibit the action of certai…
GMN 1925 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2718
1937 GADDUM, Sir John Henry (1900 – 1965)
The quantitative effect of antagonistic drugs
Gaddum was the first to formulate the theory of competitive drug antagonism. See also No. 1917.
GMN 1925.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2720
1937 LEVADITI, Constantin (1874 – 1953); VAISMAN, A
La toxi-infection gonococcique expérimentale et son traitement chimiothérapique.
Levaditi and Vaisman showed that sulfanilamide protected mice against gonococcal infection.
GMN 5213.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7817
1937 DEES, John Essary (1910 – 1993); COLSTON, John Archibald Campbell (1886 – 1971)
The use of sulfanilamide in gonococcic infections. Preliminary report.
GMN 5214.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7818
1937 HOOPER, David (1858 – 1947); FIELD, Henry (1902 – 1986)
Useful plants and drugs of Iran and Iraq. By David Hooper with notes by Henry Field.
Digital facsimile from the Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.
GMN 9242 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11424
1937 –1969 BROOKS, Jerome E. (1895 – 1983); ARENTS, George Jr. (1875 – 1960)
Tobacco: Its history illustrated by the books, manuscripts and engravings in the library of George Arents, Jr. 5 vols. + 10 Supplements.
GMN 11629 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13829
1938 ARBER, Agnes Robertson (1879 – 1960)
Herbals: their origin and evolution. A chapter in the history of botany, 1470-1670. 2nd edition.
Includes an invaluable bibliography. Reprinted, with new introduction and additional references, 1987.
GMN 2059 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2316
1938 BUTTLE, Gladwin Albert Hurst (1899 – 1983); ET AL
The action of substances allied to 4:4'-diaminodiphenylsulphone in streptococcal and other infections in mice.
G. A. H. Buttle, T. Dewing, G. E. Foster, W. H. Gray, S. Smith, and D. Stephenson discovered the potency of dapsone (DDS).
GMN 1926 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2722
1938 WHITBY, Sir Lionel Ernest Howard (1895 – 1956)
Chemotherapy of pneumococcal and other infections with 2-(p-aminobenzenesulphonamido) pyridine.
Experimental proof of the efficacy of sulfapyridine (M & B 693) in pneumococcal pneumonia.
GMN 1951 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2827
1938 GAISFORD, Wilfrid Fletcher (1902 – 1988); EVANS, Gladys Mary (1897 – 1973)
Treatment of pneumonia with 2-(p-aminobenzenesulphonamido) pyridine.
Clinical proof of the value of sulphapyridine. M & B 693 (sulphapyridine) treatment of pneumonia. This followed the experimental work of L. E. H. Whitby (see No. 1951).
GMN 1952 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2829
1938 FERCHL, Fritz (1892 – 1953)
Chemisch-Pharmazeutisches Bio-und Bibliographikon. Herausgegeben von der Gesellschaft für Geschichte der Pharmazie durch Fritz Ferchl. 2 vols.
GMN 7016 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9182
1938 SEGRÈ, Emilio Gino (1905 – 1989); SEABORG, Glenn Theodore (1912 – 1999)
Nuclear isomerism in element 43.
Isolation of the metastable isotope technetium-99m, the most commonly used medical radioistope, used in tens of millions of medical diagnostic procedures annually. Segrè discovered the first artifical element Techneti…
GMN 9339 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11521
1938 LA BARRE, Raoul Weston (1911 – 1996)
The peyote cult.
The history of the study of the cult, the various botanical questions surrounding peyote, its physiological action and the various ethnological, psychological and historical questions involved in its diffusion.
GMN 13291 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15557
1938 ANDERSEN, Dorothy Hansine (1901 – 1963)
Cystic fibrosis of the pancreas and its relation to celiac disease: A clinical and pathological study.
Andersen was the first to describe the characteristic cystic fibrosis of the pancreas, and to correlate it with the lung and intestinal disease prominent in CF. She also was the first to hypotheize that cystic fibrosi…
GMN 13827 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16117
1939 EISLER, O; SCHAUMANN, O
Dolantin, ein neuartiges Spasmolytikum und Analgetikum. (Chemisches und pharmakologisches.)
Synthesis of pethidine (dolantin) (Demoral).
GMN 1927 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2723
1939 GUNN, James Andrew (1882 – 1958)
The pharmacological actions and therapeutic uses of some compounds related to adrenaline.
GMN 1928 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2725
1939 DUBOS, René Jules (1901 – 1982)
Bactericidal effect of an extract of a soil bacillus on gram-positive cocci.
Isolation of gramicidin.
GMN 1933.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2776
1939 OXFORD, Albert Edward; ET AL
Studies in the biochemistry of micro-organisms. LX. Griseofulvin, C17H17O6Cl, a metabolic product of Penicillium griseo-fulvum Dierckx.
Isolation of griseofulvin. With H. Raistrick and P. Simonart.
GMN 1933.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2780
1939 MÜLLER, Franz Hermann
Tabakmissbrauch und Lungencarcinom.
In the first case-control epidemiological study of the effects of tobacco Müller recorded a statistically significant correlation between cigarette smoking and lung cancer. See Alfredo Morabia, "Quality, originality, …
GMN 3213 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4354
1939 PLATEARIUS, Matthaeus (1130 – 1180); WÖLFEL, Hans
Das Arzneidrogenbuch Circa Instans in einer Fassung des XIII. Jahrhunderts aus der Universitätsbibliothek Erlangen. Text und Kommentar als Beitrag zur Pflanzen- und Drogenkunde des Mittelalters by Hans Wölfel.
GMN 8449 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10626
1940 CRUZ, Martin De La; EMMART, Emily Walcott (1898 – ); BADIANO, Juan (1484 – 1552)
The Badianus manuscript. (Codex Barberini, Latin, 241) Vatican Library. An Aztec herbal of 1552. Edited and translated by Emily W. Emmart.
The earliest complete Mexican medical text and the only medical text known to be the work of native Aztecs. Written by an Aztec physician named by the Spanish Martin de la Cruz, and translated into Latin by another na…
GMN 1811.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2009
1940 ABRAHAM, Sir Edward Penley (1913 – 1999); CHAIN, Sir Ernst Boris (1906 – 1979)
An enzyme from bacteria able to destroy penicillin.
Penicillinase.
GMN 1933.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2781
1940 CHAIN, Sir Ernst Boris (1906 – 1979); FLOREY, Howard Walter (1898 – 1968); HEATLEY, Norman George (1911 – 2004); GARDNER, Andrew Duncan (1884 – 1977); SANDERS, A. G.; JENNINGS, Margaret Augusta (1904 – 1994); ORR-EWING, J.
Penicillin as a chemotherapeutic agent.
Proof of the therapeutic action in vivo of penicillin against streptococcal and other bacterial infections. Building upon Fleming’s work (No. 1933 and 10784), the consequences of which had originally been widely unapp…
GMN 1934 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2783
1940 GSELL, Otto (1902 – 1990)
Chemotherapie akuter Infektionskrankheiten durch Ciba 3714 (Sulfanilamidothiazol).
First important clinical trial of sulfathiazole.
GMN 1953 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2831
1940 MARSHALL, Eli Kennerly Jr. (1889 – 1966); ET AL
Sulfanilylguanidine: a chemotherapeutic agent for intestinal infections.
Sulphaguanidine was introduced by E. K. Marshall, A. C. Bratton, H. J. White, and J. T. Litchfield.
GMN 1954 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2833
1940 ROBLIN, Richard Owen Jr. (1907 – 1985); ET AL
Chemotherapy, II. Some sulfanilamido heterocycles.
Synthesis of sulphamerazine, by R. O. Roblin, J. H. Williams, P. S. Winnek, and J. P. English.
GMN 1955 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2835
1940 WOODS, Donald Devereux (1912 – 1964)
The relation of p-amniobenzoic acid to the mechanism of the action of sulphanilamide.
Isolation of p-aminobenzoic acid, a structural analog of sulfanilamide.
GMN 1955.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2837
1940 MEYERHOF, Max (1874 – 1945); MAIMONIDES, (Moses ben Maimon; מֹשֶׁה בֶּן־מַימוֹן; Mōšeh bēn-Maymōn; موسى بن ميمون Mūsā bin Maymūn) (1135 – 1204)
Sarh Asma Al-Uqqar (L'Explication des noms de drogues) Un glossaire de matière medicale composé par Maïmonide. Texte publié pour la première fois d'après le manuscrit unique
GMN 11241 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13438
![DIOSCORIDES, Pedanius [Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης] (40 – 90)](/media/portraits/2028)
