1925 MARTLAND, Harrison Stanford (1883 – 1954)
Some unrecognized dangers in the use and handling of radioactive substances.
From autopsies on several young women who had painted radium dials, and ingested large cumulative doses by licking their brushes, Martland, medical examiner of Essex County, New Jersey, provided evidence that ingestio…
GMN 7785 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9957
1931 BROWN, Percy (1875 – 1950)
American martyrs to science through the Roentgen rays.
GMN 7788 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9960
1947 UNITED STATES STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEY, MEDICAL DIVISION
The effects of atomic bombs on health and medical services in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The United States Strategic Bombing Survey, Medical Division.
Digital facsimile from U.S. National Library of Medicine at this link.
GMN 13113 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15366
1948 BRADLEY, David John (1915 – 2008)
No place to hide.
Bradley's autobiographical account of his work in the Radiological Safety Section in the Pacific in the aftermath of the Bikini atomic bomb tests, Operation Crossroads, alerted the world to the dangers of radioactive …
GMN 7786 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9958
1952 FOLLEY, J. H.; BORGES, T.; YAMASAKI, T.
Incidence of leukemia in survivors of the atom bomb in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan.
Leukemia was the first cancer to be linked with radiation exposure in atomic bomb survivors.
GMN 7764 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9936
1956 STEWART, Alice Mary (1906 – 2002); ET AL
Preliminary communication: Malignant disease in childhood and diagnostic irradiation in-utero.
Stewart was one of the earliest to study the effect of prenatal X-rays, later replaced by ultrasound. She found that the children of mothers who received these X-rays were almost twice as likely to develop leukemia or…
GMN 7782 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9954
1965 DOLL, Sir William Richard Shaboe (1912 – 2005); BROWN, William Michael Court (1918 – 1968)
Mortality from cancer and other causes after radiotherapy for ankylosing spondylitis.
GMN 7790 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9962
1968 MAKI, Hiroshi; ISHIMARU, Toranosuke; KATO, Hiroo; WAKABAYASHI, Toshiro
Carcinogenesis in atomic bomb survivors. Technical report 24-68. Atomic Bomb Casuality Commission.
Published 23 years after the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, allowing for carcinogenesis after the latency period. Digital facsimile available from the Radiation Effects Research Foundation at this link.
GMN 7789 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9961
1970 GOFMAN, John William (1918 – 2007); TAMPLIN, Arthur R.
Low dose radiation and cancer.
This paper, delivered at the 1969 Nuclear Science Symposium and Nuclear Power Systems Engineering Symposium, October, 1969, provided powerful scientific evidence that the then currently allowable radiation dose (Feder…
GMN 7761 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9933
1970 STEWART, Alice Mary (1906 – 2002); KNEALE, George W.
Radiation dose effects in relation to obstetric X-rays and childhood cancers.
In this study of ten million children Stewart and Kneale showed that obstetric X-rays significantly increased the rate of childhood leukemia and cancer.
GMN 7783 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9955
1981 GOFMAN, John William (1918 – 2007)
Radiation and human health.
The first comprehensive book summarizing the evidence relating low-level ionizing radiation to cancer and other diseases.
GMN 7760 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9932
1986 LEAF, Alexander (1920 – 2012)
New perspectives on the medical consequences of nuclear war.
Leaf helped found Physicians for Social Responsibility (PSR) in 1961 and became a prominent member of International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW). This paper highlighted "new research on estimat…
GMN 11476 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13675
1995 SCHULL, William Jackson (1922 – 2017)
Effects of atomic radiation: A half-century of studies from Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
GMN 7787 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9959
1995 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, Assistant Secretary for Environment, Safety, and Health
Human radiation experiments: The Department of Energy roadmap to the story and the records.
GMN 7795 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9967
1996 U.S. ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON HUMAN RADIATION EXPERIMENTS
Final report of the Advisory Committee on human radiation experiments.
Report of "an intensive inquiry into the history of government-sponsored human radiation experiments and intentional environmental releases of radiation that occurred between 1944 and 1974. We have studied the ethical…
GMN 7794 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9966
2000 WALKER, J. Samuel (1946 – )
Permissible dose: A history of radiation protection in the twentieth century.
GMN 7784 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9956
2009 WALKER, J. Samuel (1946 – )
The road to Yucca Mountain: The development of radioactive waste policy in the United States,
"In The Road to Yucca Mountain, Walker covers the U.S. government's controversial attempts to address the engineering and social issues associated with high-level radioactive waste repository (HLRWR) management and sp…
GMN 11856 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14060
