1805 SERTÜRNER, Friedrich Wilhelm Adam (1783 – 1841)

Darstellung der reinen Mohnsäure (Opiumsäure); nebst einer chemischen Untersuchung des Opiums, mit vorzüglicher Hinsicht auf einen darin neu entdeckten Stoff.

Isolation of morphine from opium. This was the first isolation of an active ingredient from a plant.

GMN 1839 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2269

1832 ROBIQUET, Pierre Jean (1780 – 1840)

Nouvelles observations sur les principaux produits de l’opium.

Isolation of codeine.

GMN 1853 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2357

1872 LABBÉ, Léon (1832 – 1916); GUYON, E.

Sur l’action combinée de la morphine et du chloroforme.

Labbe and Guyon developed pre-anesthetic medication.

GMN 5670 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7336

1875 BERNARD, Claude (1813 – 1878)

Leçons sur les anesthésiques et sur l’asphyxie.

As early as 1864 Bernard discovered that chloroform anesthesia could be prolonged and intensified by the injection of morphine. J. N. von Nussbaum also observed this. English translation by B. Fink, Park Ridge, 1989.

GMN 5673 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7347

1954 KRAMER, Samuel Noah (1897 – 1990)

First pharmacopeia in man's recorded history.

The most ancient testimony concerning the opium poppy found to date was inscribed in cuneiform script on a small white clay tablet at the end of the third millennium BC. This tablet was discovered in 1954 during excav…

GMN 11916 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14121