1944 ALEXANDER, John (1891 – 1954); BYRON, Francis X.
Aortectomy for thoracic aneurysm.
Resection of saccular aneurysm of thoracic aorta.
GMN 2992.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5270
1945 RAAB, Wilhelm (1895 – 1970)
Thiouracil treatment of angina pectoris; rationale and results.
GMN 2900 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4847
1945 MAHAIM, Ivan (1897 – 1965)
Les tumeurs et les polypes du coeur: Étude anatomo-clinique.
A classical monograph on heart tumors with 1298 references on these relatively rare tumors.
GMN 11687 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13888
1947 BECK, Claude Schaeffer (1894 – 1971); PRITCHARD, Walter Herbert (1910 – 1982); ET AL
Ventricular fibrillation of long duration abolished by electric shock.
The first successful defibrillation of a surgical patient, with the chest opened, and the paddles applied directly to the heart. With H.S. Feil.
GMN 2878.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4214
1947 SANTOS, João Alfonso Cid dos (1907 – 1975)
Sur la désobstruction des thromboses artérielles anciennes.
In 1946 Santos removed a thrombus and atheroma plaque from an artery in order to unblock it, and, using the knowledge acquired from Gordon Murray, placed the patient on heparin in order to avoid re-thrombosis. Called …
GMN 3019.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5421
1948 BROCK, Russell Claude (1903 – 1980)
Pulmonary valvulotomy for the relief of congenital pulmonary stenosis. Report of three cases.
"Brock performed the first successful valvotomies for isolated pulmonary stenosis in 1948. He gained access to the blood-filled beating heart through a small incision in the right ventricle through which he passed a v…
GMN 3046 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3497
1948 HARKEN, Dwight Emary (1910 – 1993); ZARSKY, Leona Norman (1923 – 2013); ET AL
The surgical treatment of mitral stenosis. 1. Valvuloplasty.
Valvuloplasty for mitral stenosis. Harken reported the first successful intracardiac operation for treatment of this lesion--a procedure was first attempted in the 1920s. Charles Bailey in Philadelphia undertook a sim…
GMN 3046.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3527
1948 SELLORS, Sir Thomas Homes (1902 – 1987)
Surgery of pulmonary stenosis. A case in which the pulmonary valve was successfully divided.
Operation Dec. 4, 1947.
GMN 3046.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3532
1948 BLAND, Edward Franklin (1901 – 1992); SWEET, Richard Harwood (1901 – 1962)
A venous shunt for marked mitral stenosis.
First pulmonary-azygos shunt operation for relief of mitral stenosis. Two further patients were operated upon later the same year; all three are reported in J. Amer. med. Ass.,1949, 140, 1259. A similar procedure was …
GMN 3047 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3537
1948 BRODÉN, Bror Leonhardt Johan (1910 – ); ET AL
Thoracic aortography. Preliminary report.
With H. E. Hanson and J. Karnell.
GMN 2879 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4220
1948 CHRISTIE, Ronald Victor (1902 – 1986)
Penicillin in subacute bacterial endocarditis. Report to the Medical Research Council on 269 patients treated in 14 centres appointed by the Penicillin Clinical Trials Committee.
GMN 2880 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4224
1948 POPPE, John Karl (1911 – 2012)
Cellophane treatment of syphilitic aneurysms with report of results in six cases.
GMN 2993 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5273
1948 WRIGHT, Irving Sherwood (1901 – 1997); ET AL
Report of the Committee for the Evaluation of Anticoagulants in the Treatment of Coronary Thrombosis with Myocardial Infarction.
With C. D. Marple and D. F. Beck.
GMN 3020 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5425
1948 MASSELL, Benedict Frank (1906 – 2008); DOW, J. W.; JONES, Thomas Duckett (1899 – 1954)
Orally administered penicillin in patients with rheumatic fever.
Massell and colleagues demonstrated that rheumatic fever could be prevented by penicillin treatment of streptococcal throat infections. (Order of authorship in the original publication: Massell, Dow, Jones.) See also:…
GMN 12359 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14583
1949 KUNLIN, Jean (1904 – 1991)
Le traitement de l’artérite oblitérante parla greffe veineuse.
Kunlin, an associate of R. Leriche, first reported the use of a bypass venous graft for femoropopliteal occlusive arterial disease.
GMN 2924.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4925
1949 BAILEY, Charles Philamore (1910 – 1993)
The surgical treatment of mitral stenosis (mitral commissurotomy).
Pioneering work in mitral valve surgery.
GMN 10654 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/12847
1950 PRINZMETAL, Myron (1908 – 1987); ET AL
Mechanism of the auricular arrythmias.
With E. Corday, I. C. Brill, A. L. Seller, R. W. Oblath, W. A. Flieg, and H. E. Kruger.
GMN 2881 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4228
1951 HUFNAGEL, Charles Anthony (1916 – 1989)
Aortic plastic valvular prosthesis.
Hufnagel designed and inserted the first workable prosthetic heart valve in man.
GMN 3047.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3551
1951 DUBOST, Charles (1914 – 1991); ET AL
A propos du traitement des anévrysmes de l’aorte. Ablation de l’anévrysme. Rétablissement de la continuité par greffe d’aorte humaine conservée.
First successful resection of abdominal aortic aneurysm and insertion of a homologous graft. With M. Allary and N. Oeconomos.
GMN 2993.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5279
1951 OUDOT, Jacques (1913 – 1953)
La greffe vasculaire dans les thromboses du carrefour aortique.
Arterial homograft on aorta.
GMN 3020.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5430
1951 GORLIN, Richard (1926 – 1997); GORLIN, S. G.
Hydraulic formula for calculation of the area of the stenotic mitral valve; other cardiac valves, and central circulatory shunts.
In collaboration with his father, S. G. Gorlin, a mechanical engineer who designed hydraulic systems for gasoline engines at the beginning of the century, Richard Gorlin developed a formula to calculate the area of st…
GMN 12238 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14452
1952 VOORHEES, Arthur Jr. (1921 – 1992); ET AL
The use of tubes constructed from Vinyon “N” cloth in bridging arterial defects.
Introduction of plastic material to repair arterial defects. Voorhees later abandoned this material in favour of Dacron. With A. Jaretzki and A. W. Blakemore.
GMN 3047.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3556
1952 ZOLL, Paul Maurice (1911 – 1999)
Resuscitation of the heart in ventricular standstill by external electric stimulation.
External cardiac pacemaker. "The medical world took notice when Zoll announced in 1952 that he had successfully kept a patient alive through numerous episodes of ventricular standstill using a bedside device that deli…
GMN 2883 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4237
1953 DEBAKEY, Michael Ellis (1908 – 2008); COOLEY, Denton Arthur (1920 – 2016)
Successful resection of aneurysm of thoracic aorta and replacement by graft.
GMN 3047.4 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3559
1953 SELDINGER, Sven Ivar (1921 – 1998)
Catheter replacement of the needle in percutaneous angiography. A new technique.
Percutaneous arterial catheterization.
GMN 2924.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4927
1954 TEXON, Meyer (1910 – 2006)
Heart disease and industry with particular reference to workmen's compensation cases.
"The first monograph on the subject" (W. Bruce Fye).
GMN 11714 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13915
1955 LADUE, John Samuel (1911 – 1980); WROBLEWSKI, Felix (1921 – 2013)
The significance of the serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activity following acute myocardial infarction.
Diagnostic test for myocardial infarction.
GMN 2883.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4246
1955 DEBAKEY, Michael Ellis (1908 – 2008); COOLEY, Denton Arthur (1920 – 2016); MAHAFFEY, D. E.
Total excision of the aortic arch for aneurysm.
Total excision and replacement by polyvinyl sponge (Ivalon) prosthesis.
GMN 2993.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5283
1955 GOFMAN, John William (1918 – 2007); LINDGREN, Frank T. (1924 – 2007); ET AL
The serum lipoprotein transport system in health, metabolic disorders, atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease.
Gofman, a nuclear and physical chemist as well as a physician, has been called the "father of clinical lipidology." He discovered and described the major classes of plasma lipoproteins: intermediate-density lipoprotei…
GMN 7757 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/9929
1956 MURRAY, Donald Walter Gordon (1894 – 1976)
Homologous aortic-valve-segment transplants as surgical treatment for aortic and mitral insufficiency.
First successful aortic valve homograft. For report of six-year follow-up, see A. J. Kerwin, et al., New Engl. J. Med.,1962, 266,852.
GMN 3047.8 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3579
1956 RUSKIN, Arthur
Classics in arterial hypertension.
GMN 3160.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4097
1958 LILLEHEI, Clarence Walton (1918 – 1999); WEIRICH, William L. (1924 – 2014); GOTT, Vincent Lynn (1927 – )
The treatment of complete heart block by the combined use of a myocardial electrode and artificial pacemaker.
Order of authorship in the original publication: Weirich, Gott, Lillehei. Attachment of a wire to the ventricular epicardium, and bringing it out percutaneously to an external pacemaker. This was a key development lea…
GMN 3047.11 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3603
1958 SZILAGYI, D. Emerick (1910 – 2009); ET AL
Clinical use of an elastic Dacron prosthesis.
Arterial prosthesis. With L. C. France, R. F. Smith, and J. G. Whitcomb.
GMN 3047.12 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3607
1959 FURMAN, Seymour (1931 – 2006); ROBINSON, George (1922 – )
The use of intracardiac pacemaker in the correction of total heart block.
First use of pacemaker for Stokes–Adams syndrome, using dogs as subjects. External power source. See also Furman and Scawadel, John B., "An intracardiac pacemaker for Stokes–Adams seizures ," New Engl. J. Med.,1959, 2…
GMN 3047.10 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3591
1959 COOLEY, Denton Arthur (1920 – 2016); ET AL
Ventricular aneurysm following myocardial infarction: Results of surgical treatment.
Cardiopulmonary bypass and open excision of the aneurysm. With W.S. Henly, K.H. Amad, & D.W. Chapman.
GMN 3047.13 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3611
1959 HUNTER, Samuel Wynne (1921 – 2008); ET AL
A bipolar myocardial electrode for complete heart block.
With N. A. Roth, D. Bernardez, and J. L. Noble.
GMN 2883.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4261
1959 LINK, Karl Paul Gerhard (1901 – 1978)
The discovery of Dicumarol and its sequels.
An historical account of the discovery of the anticoagulant Warfarin by the primary investigator. The first use for this substance was rat poison. Digital facsimile from ahajournals.org at this link.
GMN 11405 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13604
1959 PRINZMETAL, Myron (1908 – 1987); KENNAMER, Rexford (1920 – 2013); BOR, Naci (1928 – ); ET AL
Angina pectoris.I. A variant form of angina pectoris. Preliminary report.
Prinzmetal angina. "Dr. Prinzmetal and his collaborators focus upon an interesting variant of angina pectoris which appears to be associated with temporary, recurrent spasm of a partially occluded coronary artery. In …
GMN 12277 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14496
1960 CHARDACK, William M. (1914 – 2006); GREATBATCH, Wilson (1919 – 2011); GAGE, Andrew A.
A transistorized, self-contained, implantable pacemaker for the long-term correction of complete heart block.
The first fully-implantable pacemaker.
GMN 3047.15 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3618
1960 BLOOMFIELD, Arthur Leonard (1888 – 1962)
A bibliography of internal medicine: Selected diseases.
Literature on "selected diseases" presented in chronological order, beginning with auricular fibrillation and ending with trichinosis, emphasizing cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
GMN 11219 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13416
1960 ELMQVIST, Rune (1906 – 1996); SENNING, Åke (1915 – 2000)
An implantable pacemaker in the heart. IN: Medical electronics: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Medical Electronics, Paris 24-27 June 1959. Edited by C. N. Smyth.
"This is the original report of the first fully implantable pacemaker that was designed by Elmqvist and surgically inserted under the skin of a patient in October 1958. It is an abstract of their presentation that sig…
GMN 11590 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13789
1960 BRAUNWALD, Nina Starr (1928 – 1992); COOPER, Theodore (1929 – 1993); MORROW, Andrew G. (1922 – 1982)
Complete replacement of the mitral valve. Successful clinical application of a flexible polyurethane prosthesis.
Braunwald was the first woman to perform open heart surgery. She was the first woman surgeon certified by the American Board of Thoracic Surgery, and the first woman elected to the American Association for Thoracic Su…
GMN 12221 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14433
1961 STARR, Albert (1926 – ); EDWARDS, Miles Lowell (1898 – 1982)
Mitral replacement: The shielded ball valve prothesis.
On September 21, 1960, Starr successfully inserted a “ball-in-cage” prosthetic valve (the Starr-Edwards heart valve) into a patient’s mitral valve, which was severely diseased as a result of rheumatic fever. This was …
GMN 3047.16 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3624
1961 KOUWENHOVEN, William Bennett (1886 – 1975); JUDE, James R. (1928 – 2015); KNICKERBOCKER, G. Guy (1932 – 2022)
A new approach to cardiac resuscitation.
"The pioneers of modern cardiopulmonary resucitation describe their breakthrough technique of combining mouth-to-mouth ventilation, closed chest compressions, and transthoracic defibrillation to treat cardiac arrest" …
GMN 11671 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13872
1962 ROSS, Donald Nixon (1922 – 2014)
Homograft replacement of the aortic valve.
Homograft valve placed below coronary orifice, a single page report. The first complete report on the "Ross procedure" was "Homotransplantation of the aortic valve in the subcoronary posittion," J. thorac. cardiovasc.…
GMN 3047.17 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3626
1962 LOWN, Bernard (1921 – ); AMARASINGHAM, Raghavan; NEUMAN, Jose
New method for terminating cardiac arrythmias; use of synchronized capacitor discharge.
Use of transthoracic direct current countershock of very short duration to avoid the vulnerable period in the cardiac cycle.
GMN 2883.5 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4272
1963 FOGARTY, Thomas J. (1934 – )
A method for extraction of arterial emboli and thrombi.
Introduction of the balloon catheter in arterial embolectomy. With J. J. Cranley, R. J. Krause, E. S. Strasser and C. D. Hafner.
GMN 3020.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5435
1963 BARLOW, John Brereton (1924 – 2008); POCOCK, Wendy A.
The significance of late systolic murmurs and mid-late systolic clicks.
See also J. B. Barlow, W.A. Pocock P. Marchand, M. Denny, "The significance of late systolic murmurs," Am Heart J., 66 (1963) 443- 452 Barlow revolutionized thinking about the pathophysiology of mitral regurgitation w…
GMN 12217 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14428
1963 HARKEN, Dwight Emary (1910 – 1993); LOWN, Bernard (1921 – ); ABE, Tadaaki
"Cardioversion" of atrial fibrillation: A report on the treatment of 65 episodes in 50 patients.
"In 1959 Bernard Lown commenced research in his animal laboratory in collaboration with engineer Barouh Berkovits into a technique which involved charging of a bank of capacitors to approximately 1000 volts with an en…
GMN 12259 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14475
1964 CRANEFIELD, Paul Frederick (1925 – 2003); HOFFMAN, Brian Francis (1925 – 2013)
The physiological basis of cardiac arrhythmias.
GMN 2883.7 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4281
