1874 BILLROTH, Christian Albert Theodor (1829 – 1894)
Untersuchungen über die Vegetationsformen von Coccobacteria septica und den Antheil, Welchen sie an der Enstehung und Verbreitung der accidentellen Wundkrankheiten Haben. Versuch einer wissenschaftlichen Kritik der verscheidenen Methoden antiseptischer Wundbehandlung.
Billroth provided the first account of streptocci wound infection, calling the bacteria Coccobacteria septica. When Billroth introduced antisepic techniques in his surgical practice the number of surgical patients wit…
GMN 12064 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14273
1881 PARROT, Joseph (1829 – 1883)
L’organisme microscopique trouvé par M. Pasteur dans la maladie nouvelle provoquée par la salive d’un enfant mort de la rage.
Probably the earliest record of pneumococcus. Parrot reported the discovery made by Louis Pasteur.
GMN 3172 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4155
1881 STERNBERG, George Miller (1838 – 1915)
A fatal form of septicaemia in the rabbit, produced by the subcutaneous injection of human saliva.
In the same year as Pasteur, and independently, Sternberg discovered the pneumococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae) demonstrating its carriage in the healthy human mouth.
GMN 3173 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4159
1882 FEHLEISEN, Friedrich (1854 – 1924)
Ueber Erysipel.
Discovery of Strep pyogenes, infectious agent of scarlet fever and other streptococcal illnesses. Fehleisen cultured it from perierysipelas lesions on humans. English translation, 1886.
GMN 2496 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3168
1884 ROSENBACH, Anton Julius Friedrich (1842 – 1923)
Mikro-Organismen bei den Wund-Infections-Krankheiten des Menschen.
Rosenbach proved that streptococci and staphylococci are distinct and differentiated two strains of staphylococci (“aureus” and “albus”). He cultured cocci from a considerable range of septic conditions, thus more acc…
GMN 5619 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7159
1886 FRAENKEL, Albert (1848 – 1916)
Die Mikrococcen der Pneumonie.
Fraenkel showed definitely that the organism found by Pasteur (No. 3172) and Sternberg (No. 3173) was a cause of pneumonia.
GMN 3175 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4165
1886 KLEIN, Edward Emanuel (1844 – 1925)
Report on a disease of cows prevailing at a farm from which scarlatina had been distributed along with the milk of cows.
Contains the first suggestion of the streptococcal origin of scarlet fever.
GMN 5080 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5937
1898 TRIBOULET, Henri (1864 – 1920); COYON, Amand (1871 – 1928)
Bactériologie du rhumatisme articulaire. Endocardite végétante mitrale provoquée chez le lapin par inoculation intra-veineuse d’un cocco-bacille en points doubles extraits du sang du rhumatisme articulaire aigu de l’homme.
Isolation of streptococci from patients with acute rheumatism reported.
GMN 4504.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/99
1913 DOCHEZ, Alphonse Raymond (1882 – 1964); GILLESPIE, Louis John (1886 – 1941)
A biological classification of pneumococci by means of immunity reactions.
Dochez and Gillespie differentiated four types of pneumococci.
GMN 3192.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4234
1919 BROWN, James Howard (1884 – 1956)
The use of blood agar for the study of streptococci.
In this monograph with numerous charts and 34 full-page plates Brown classified streptococci into α, β, A prime and γ based on the type and degree of hemolysis produced by the bacteria on a blood agar plate. He also d…
GMN 12006 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14214
1924 DICK, George Frederick (1881 – 1967); DICK, Gladys Rowena Henry (1881 – 1963)
A skin test for susceptibility to scarlet fever.
The “Dick test” for the determination of individual susceptibility to scarlet fever.
GMN 5082 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5946
1924 DICK, George Frederick (1881 – 1967); DICK, Gladys Rowena Henry (1881 – 1963)
The etiology of scarlet fever.
Proof that streptococcus is the cause of scarlet fever.
GMN 5082.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5949
1926 PLACE, Edwin Hemphill (1880 – ); ET AL
Erythema arthriticum epidemicum; preliminary report.
“Haverhill fever” first reported. The writers isolated an organism, later found to be identical with Streptothrix muris ratti and Streptobacillus moniliformis. With L. E. Sutton and O. Willner.
GMN 5328 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6636
1928 –1929 THOMSON, David (1884 – 1969); THOMSON, Robert (1888 – )
The pathogenic streptococci. An historical survey of their role in human and animal disease.
Documents over 1,600 studies.
GMN 2523 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3321
1932 THOMSON, David (1884 – 1969); THOMSON, Robert (1888 – )
The common cold, with special reference to the part played by streptococci, pneumococci, and other organisms.
Annals of the Pickett-Thomson Research Lab., Vol. 8.
GMN 3204 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4321
1933 LANCEFIELD, Rebecca Craighill (1895 – 1981)
A serological differentiation of human and other groups of hemolytic streptococci.
Lancefield determined the principal pathogenic strains of hemolytic streptococci and subdivided them into types. All important strains pathogenic to humans fall into Lancefield’s Group A.
GMN 2524.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3337
1934 GRIFFITH, Frederick (1879 – 1941)
The serological classification of Streptococcus pyogenes.
Griffith’s classification of streptococci. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.
GMN 2524.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3346
1935 KLIENEBERGER-NOBEL, Emmy (1892 – 1985)
The natural occurrence of pleuropneumonia-like organisms in apparent symbiosis with Streptobacillus moniliformis and other bacteria.
Klieneberger isolated typical strains of pleuropneumonia-like organisms from Strep, moniliformis.
GMN 2524.4 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3350
1937 LEMIERRE, André (1875 – 1956); ET AL
Sur une nouvelle fièvre par morsure de rat.
A. Lemierre, J. Reilly, A. Laporte, and M. Morin isolated Streptobacillus moniliformis from a case of rat-bite fever.
GMN 5329 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6643
1945 FELDMAN, William Hugh (1892 – 1974); HINSHAW, Horton Corwin (1902 – 2001)
Streptomycin in treatment of clinical tuberculosis: a preliminary report.
GMN 2350 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3125
