1834 GRAVES, George (1754 – 1839); MORRIES, John Davie
Hortus medicus, or figures and descriptions of the more important plants used in medicine, or possessed of poisonous qualities; with their medical properties, chemical analysis, &c. &c
This materia medica, with fine hand-colored plates, also includes and illustrates poisonous plants with detailed discussion of their properties. It includes recommended dosages for pharmaceutical preparations. Digital…
GMN 8662 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10839
1836 BOWKER, Pierpont F.
The Indian vegetable family instructer: Containing the names and descriptions of all the most useful herbs and plants that grow in this country, with their medicinal qualities annexed; also, a treatise on many of the lingering diseases to which mankind are subject, ... with a large list of recipes, which have been carefully selected from Indian prescriptions ... Designed for the use of families in the United States.
GMN 9524 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11710
1837 ROYLE, John Forbes (1798 – 1858)
An essay on the antiquity of Hindoo medicine, including an introductory lecture to the course of materia medica and therapeutics, delivered at King's College.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 8209 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10385
1839 –1840 PEREIRA, Jonathan (1804 – 1853)
The elements of materia medica, comprehending the natural history, preparation, properties, composition, effects and uses of medicines. 2 vols.
The first great English work on the subject, widely published and used in England and America. Pereira was Professor of Materia Medica at the School of Pharmacy set up by the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. D…
GMN 1856 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2375
1843 TORREY, John (1796 – 1873)
A flora of the state of New-York, comprising full descriptions of all the indigenous and naturalized plants hitherto discovered in the state; with remarks on their economical and medicinal properties. 2 vols.
For a long time this was the most comprehensive botany of any U.S. state. Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.
GMN 10512 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/12705
1844 –1850 SUŚRUTA, (Sushruta); HESSLER, Franz (1799 – 1890)
Suśrutas. Áyruvédas. Id est medicinae systema a venerabili d'hanvantare demonstratum a Suśruta discipulo compositum. Nunc primum ex Sanksríta in Latinum sermonem vertit, introductionem, annotationes et rerum indicem adjecit Dr. Franciscus Hessler. 3 vols.
First translation of the Suśruta Samhitā into Latin, and the first publication of this text in the West. Suśruta is said to have lived in the 6th or 5th centuries, BCE. The principal medical contribution of the ancien…
GMN 11 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/35
1847 –1852 CASSONE, Felice (1815 – 1854)
Flora medico-farmaceutica. 6 vols.
Digital facsimile of the complete set from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 11808 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14010
1851 GOMES, Bernardino António the younger (1806 – 1877)
Catalogus plantarum horti botanici medicocirurgicae Scholae Olisponensis anno MDCCCLII.
Lists 1,863 plants in the botanical garden at the Escola Medico-Cirurgica of Lisbon, arranged by genus and species according to Decandolle’s classification. The authors note in which part of Europe, India, the America…
GMN 9068 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11247
1851 HONIGBERGER, Johann Martin (1795 – 1869)
Früchte aus dem Morgenlande oder Reise-Erlebnisse. Nebst naturhistorisch-medicinischen Erfahrungen, einigen hundert erprobten Arzneimitteln und einer neuen Heilart dem Medial-Systeme. Mit vierzig lithographirten Tafeln: Porträte, Pflanzenabbildungen, sonstige Natur- und Kunstprodukte, Facsimile, Landkarte und Ansicht der Citadelle von Lahor; endlich als Anhang ein medizinisches Wörterbuch in mehreren europäischen und orientalischen Sprachen.
Digital facsimile from the Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link. Translated into English (1852) as Thirty-five years in the East. Adventures, discoveries, experiments, and historical sketches, relating to the Pu…
GMN 9515 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11700
1852 –1853 HAMILTON, Edward (1815 – 1903)
The flora homoeopathica: Or, illustrations and descriptions of the medicinal plants used as homoeopathic remedies. 2 vols.
Hamilton detailed the symptoms of poisoning, records of successful use of the plant, and a description of its homeopathic uses. Finely illustrated with hand-colored plates, mostly by Henry Sowerby and his sister Charl…
GMN 10129 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/12318
1860 WARING, Edward John (1819 – 1891)
Remarks on the uses of some bazaar medicines, and on a few of the common indigenous plants of India, according to European practice.
At the time of publication of this work, which contained texts in both Sanskrit and English, Waring was "Physician to His Highness The Maha Rajah of Travancore." Digital facsimile of the 1860 edition from the Biodiver…
GMN 8818 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10996
1860 POMPA, Gerónimo
Colección de medicamentos indigenas y sus aplicaciones, estraidos de los reinos vegetal, mineral y animal, recogidos y anotados por [...], segunda edición corregida y aumentada.
Digital facsimile of the 5th edition (1875) from the National Library of Medicine, Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 8971 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11150
1862 HANBURY, Daniel (1825 – 1875)
Notes on Chinese materia medica. Reprinted, with some corrections, from the Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions.
Reprinted, with continuous pagination, and index from the Pharmaceutical Journal for July and August, 1860, for November and December, 1861, and for February 1862. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this l…
GMN 9678 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11865
1863 PORCHER, Francis Peyre (1825 – 1895)
Resources of the southern fields and forests, medical, economical, and agricultural: Being also a medical botany of the Confederate States; with practical information on the useful properties of the trees, plants and shrubs.
The first extensive treatise on the botany of the Southern States of the US and the only Confederate manual of materia medica. This is also a manual of “survival information”, teaching how live off the land and how to…
GMN 1865.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2429
1864 –1866 COCKAYNE, Thomas Oswald (1807 – 1873)
Leechdoms, wortcunning, and starcraft of early England. Being a collection of documents, for the most part never before printed, illustrating the history of science in this country before the Norman Conquest. Collected and edited by Oswald Cockayne. 3 vols.
This set contains many texts relating to medieval English medicine and the Anglo-Saxon language. It contains the Herbal of Apuleius in Anglo-Saxon and modern English, the Leechbook of Bald, the text of Sextus Placitus…
GMN 6534 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8141
1867 STEINSCHNEIDER, Moritz (1816 – 1907); DONNOLO, Shabbethai (913 – 982)
Donnolo, Fragment des ältesten medicinischen Werkes in hebräischer Sprache.... von M. Steinschneider.
Written about 970 CE, this is the earliest surviving medical treatise written in Hebrew to which an approximate date can be assigned. Donnolo, who was at one time Byzantine court physician, is one of the earliest Jewi…
GMN 9019 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11198
1868 WHITE, James William (1826 – 1891)
Dental materia medica. Compiled by James W. White.
The first American treatise on materia medica written specifically for dentists. Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.
GMN 12887 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15134
1871 SMITH, Frederick Porter (1833 – 1888)
Contributions towards the materia medica & natural history of China for the use of medical missionaries & native medical students.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 9655 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11842
1874 FLÜCKIGER, Friedrich August (1828 – 1894); HANBURY, Daniel (1825 – 1875)
Pharmacographia. A history of the principal drugs of vegetable origin met with in Great Britain and British India.
Digital facsimile from the Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.
GMN 2032 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2157
1874 DABRY DE THIERSANT, Philibert (1826 – 1898); SOUBEIRAN, Jean-Léon (1827 – 1892)
La matière médicale chez les chinois.
Digital facsimile from BnFGallica at this link.
GMN 10127 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/12316
1875 ROSE, Valentin (1829 – 1916); MARTIALIS, Quintus Gargilius (250 – )
Plinii Secundi quae fertur una cum Gargilli Martialis medicina: Nunc primum edita a Valentino Rose.
Fragments of Martialis's work (probably called De hortis), which treated of the cultivation of trees and vegetables, and also of their medicinal properties, survived, chiefly in the body of and as an appendix to the M…
GMN 8443 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10620
1877 –1883 LECLERC, Lucien (1816 – 1893); IBN AL-BAYTĀR AL-MĀLAQĪ, Ḍiyāʾ Al-Dīn Abū Muḥammad ʿAbdllāh Ibn Aḥmad (Ibn al-Baytar) (1197 – 1248)
Traité des simples. 3 vols. Notices et extraits des manuscrits de la Bibliothèque nationale et autres bibliothèques, 1877, tome 23,1; tome 25,1; tome 26,1. Traduit par Lucien Leclerc.
Ibn al-Baytar systematically recorded the additions to pharmacy made by medieval Islamic physicians, who added between 300 and 400 types of medicines to the roughly one thousand known since antiquity. "Ibn al-Baitar’s…
GMN 8528 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10705
1877 DUTT, Uday Chand (1834 – 1884)
Materia medica of the Hindus compiled from Sanskrit medical works. With a glossary of Indian plants.
GMN 13781 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16068
1878 –1879 WARING, Edward John (1819 – 1891)
Bibliotheca therapeutica, or bibliography of therapeutics, chiefly in reference to articles of the materia medica, with numerous critical, historical, and therapeutical annotations, and an appendix containing the bibliography of British mineral waters. 2 vols.
References to over 10,000 items, ‘arranged under 660 separate headings or articles,’ some with comments by the compiler. Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.
GMN 2034 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2173
1881 MURRAY, James A.
The plants an drugs of sind; being a systematic account, with descriptions, of the indigenous flora, and notices of the value and uses of their products in commerce, medicine and the arts.
GMN 13050 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15301
1885 SMITH, Andrew (1828 – 1898)
A contribution to South African materia medica, chiefly from plants in use among the natives.
The first edition was a pamphlet of 23 pp. Smith issued a much-expanded second edition with 163 pp., also at Lovedale in 1888, and a further expanded third edition with 262 pp. (Cape Town, 1895). Digital facsimile of …
GMN 9500 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11685
1887 MILLSPAUGH, Charles Frederick (1854 – 1923)
American medicinal plants; an illustrated and descriptive guide to the American plants used as homoeopathic remedies: Their history, preparation, chemistry and physiological effects. Illustrated by the author.
Plates printed by chromolithography. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 8716 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10894
1889 MERCK & CO.
Merck's index of fine chemicals and drugs for the materia medica and the arts: Comprising a summary of whatever chemical products are to-day adjudged as being useful in either medicine or technology, with average values and synonyms affixed; a guide for the physician, apothecary, chemist, and dealer.
First edition of the Merck Manual. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 9525 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11711
1890 –1893 HOOPER, David (1858 – 1947); DYMOCK, William (1834 – 1892); WARDEN, Charles James Hislop (1851 – 1900)
Pharmacographia indica: A history of the principal drugs of vegetable origin, met with in British India. 3 vols.
On the title page Dymock is identified as "Brigade Surgeon, Bombay Army, Principal Medical Storekeeper to Government." Warden is identified as "Surgeon-Major, Bengal Army, Professor of Chemistry in the Calcutta Medica…
GMN 9246 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11428
1895 JELLIFFE, Smith Ely (1866 – 1945); RUSBY, Henry Hurd (1855 – 1940)
Essentials of vegetable pharmacognosy: A treatise on structural botany, designed especially for pharmaceutical and medical students, pharmacists and physicians. Part 1. The gross structure of plants by Henry H. Rusby. Part 2. The minute structure of plants by Smith Ely Jelliffe.
A detailed guide to the way that botanic drugs were identified and produced in America at the end of the 19th century. Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.
GMN 11890 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14095
1896 HOLMES, Edward Morrell (1843 – 1930)
Catalogue of the medicinal plants in the Museum of the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 10382 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/12574
1897 WELLMANN, Max (1863 – 1933); KRATEUAS, [Kratevas, Crateuas, Cratevas; Κρατεύας ὁ Ῥιζότομος] ( – 95)
Krateuas. Von M. Wellmann.
Crateuas was the personal physician of Mithridates VI. Of Pontos. He wrote a three-part herbal book describing the medicinal properties of plants. This work, which was illustrated, is the earliest known herbal book to…
GMN 9015 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11194
1898 DRAGENDORFF, Georg Johann Noel (1836 – 1898)
Die Heilpflanzen der verschiedenen Volker und Zeiten.
GMN 2039 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2202
1899 HENSLOW, George (1835 – 1925)
Medical works of the fourteenth century; together with a list of plants recorded in contemporary writings, with their identification.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 6519 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8090
1901 PARDO DE TAVERA, Trinidad Hermenegildo José Maria Francisco (1857 – 1925); THOMAS, Jerome B. Jr.
The medicinal plants of the Philippines. Translated and revised by Jerome B. Thomas, Jr.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 8540 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10717
1902 BERENDES, Julius (1837 – 1914)
Des Pedanios Dioskurides aus Anazarbos Arzneimittellehre in fünf Büchern. Übersetzt und mit Erklärungen Versehen.
Analysis of Dioscordes from the pharmacological standpoint, including determination of his units of measurements, critical in dosage. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
GMN 8569 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10746
1902 FÜHNER, Hermann (1871 – 1944)
Lithotherapie: Historische Studien über die medizinische Verwendung der Edelsteine.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 8961 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11140
1903 –1910 DOMÍNGUEZ, Juan Aníbal (1876 – 1946)
Datos par la materia médica Argentina. 2 vols. (Vol. 2: Trabajos de Instituto de Farmacología de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Buenos Aires No. 25).
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 8543 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10720
1906 –1914 DIOSCORIDES, Pedanius [Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης] (40 – 90); WELLMANN, Max (1863 – 1933); KRATEUAS, [Kratevas, Crateuas, Cratevas; Κρατεύας ὁ Ῥιζότομος] ( – 95)
De materia medica. Edidit Max Wellmann. 3 vols.
Dioscorides’ work is the authoritative source on the materia medica of antiquity. He described over 600 plants and plant principles. The above edition by Wellman is the definitive Greek text. It also contains the Frag…
GMN 1786 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1853
1911 CHAMBERLIN, Ralph Vary (1879 – 1967)
The ethno-botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 9347 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11529
1913 ORTA, Garcia de [Garcia d'Orta] (1501 – 1568); BREYNER, Francesco Manuel de Melo, Conde de Ficalho (1837 – 1903); MARKHAM, Sir Robert Clements (1830 – 1916)
Garci da Orta: Colloquies on the simples & drugs of India. New edition (Lisbon, 1895) edited and annotated by the Conde de Ficalho. Translated with an introduction and index by Sir Clements Markham.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 8974 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11153
1916 ROBBINS, Wilfred William (1884 – 1952); HARRINGTON, John Peabody (1884 – 1961); FREIRE-MARRECO, Barbara (1879 – 1967)
Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 55.
Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
GMN 9346 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11528
1921 LLOYD, John Uri (1849 – 1936)
Origin and history of all the pharmacopeial vegetable drugs, chemicals and preparations with bibliography... Prepared under the auspices of and published by the American Drug Manufacturers' Association, Washington, D.C. Vol. 1 Vegetable drugs
Lloyd comprehensively collected and studied the historical literature, citing it throughout the text and in the numerous bibliographies of specific drugs in this work. The book includes a bibliography of historical so…
GMN 12446 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14678
1922 ROHDE, Eleanour Sophy Sinclair (1881 – 1950)
The old English herbals.
Reprinted London, Minerva Press, 1972.
GMN 2048 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2258
1924 THOMPSON, Reginald Campbell (1876 – 1941)
The Assyrian herbal: A monograph on the Assyrian vegetable drugs, the subject matter of which was communicated in a paper to the Royal Society, March 20, 1924.
A study of Assyrian material medical reproduced by cyclostyle, in the author's handwriting.
GMN 1787 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1841
1925 KLEBS, Arnold Carl (1870 – 1943)
Catalogue of early herbals.
GMN 2050 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2262
1927 SINGER, Charles Joseph (1876 – 1960)
The herbal in antiquity and its transmission to later ages.
GMN 11383 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13582
1927 IBN BAKHTYASHU, Abu Sa'id Ubaid Allah ( Bukhtishu, Bukhtyashu, and Bakhtshooa) (940 – 1058); SBATH, Paul (Būlus Sbāt) (1887 – 1945)
Ar-Raoudat at-tibbiyya (Le jardin médical) par Ubaîd-Allah Ben Gibraîl Ben Bakhtichoû, Chrétien décédé en 1058: Texte arabe, publié pour la première fois d’après trois manuscrits conservées dans la Bibliothèque des Manuscrits.
GMN 12674 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14918
1928 WITHINGTON, Edward Theodore (1860 – 1947); BACON, Roger (1219 – 1292); LITTLE, A. G. (1863 – 1945)
De retardatione accidentium senectutis cum aliis opusculis de rebus medicinalibus. Nunc primum ediderunt A. G. Little [and] E. Withington.
New edition edited from the 1590 printed edition in comparison with existing medieval manuscripts.
GMN 10950 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13146
1928 BUDGE, Sir Ernest Alfred Thompson Wallis (1857 – 1934)
The divine origin of the craft of the herbalist.
A semi-popular account useful for its surveys of the earliest herbal literature: Egyptian, Sumerian, Assyrian, Greece, Syriac, Arabic, Coptic, Ethiopian (Abyssinian). Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at thi…
GMN 12678 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14923
![DIOSCORIDES, Pedanius [Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης] (40 – 90)](/media/portraits/2028)
![ORTA, Garcia de [Garcia d'Orta] (1501 – 1568)](/media/portraits/2236)
