1937 LEVADITI, Constantin (1874 – 1953); VAISMAN, A
La toxi-infection gonococcique expérimentale et son traitement chimiothérapique.
Levaditi and Vaisman showed that sulfanilamide protected mice against gonococcal infection.
GMN 5213.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7817
1937 DEES, John Essary (1910 – 1993); COLSTON, John Archibald Campbell (1886 – 1971)
The use of sulfanilamide in gonococcic infections. Preliminary report.
GMN 5214.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7818
1937 STEPHENS, John William Watson (1865 – 1946)
Blackwater fever, a historical survey and summary of observations made over a century.
GMN 5264.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8557
1937 ROLLESTON, John Davy (1873 – 1946)
The history of the acute exanthemata.
Smallpox, chicken pox, scarlet fever, measles and German measles. Rolleston was the brother of Sir Humphrey Davy Rolleston.
GMN 8751 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10929
1938 FOTHERGILL, Leroy Dryden (1901 – 1967); ET AL
Human encephalitis caused by the virus of the Eastern variety of equine encephalomyelitis.
Isolation of the virus of Eastern equine encephalitis from man. With J. H. Dingle, S. Farber, and M. L. Connerley.
GMN 4659.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/780
1938 HOWITT, Beatrice Fay (1891 – )
Recovery of the virus of equine encephalomyelitis from the brain of a child.
Western equine encephalitis virus recovered from man.
GMN 4660 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/783
1938 BUTTLE, Gladwin Albert Hurst (1899 – 1983); ET AL
The action of substances allied to 4:4'-diaminodiphenylsulphone in streptococcal and other infections in mice.
G. A. H. Buttle, T. Dewing, G. E. Foster, W. H. Gray, S. Smith, and D. Stephenson discovered the potency of dapsone (DDS).
GMN 1926 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2722
1938 WHITBY, Sir Lionel Ernest Howard (1895 – 1956)
Chemotherapy of pneumococcal and other infections with 2-(p-aminobenzenesulphonamido) pyridine.
Experimental proof of the efficacy of sulfapyridine (M & B 693) in pneumococcal pneumonia.
GMN 1951 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2827
1938 GAISFORD, Wilfrid Fletcher (1902 – 1988); EVANS, Gladys Mary (1897 – 1973)
Treatment of pneumonia with 2-(p-aminobenzenesulphonamido) pyridine.
Clinical proof of the value of sulphapyridine. M & B 693 (sulphapyridine) treatment of pneumonia. This followed the experimental work of L. E. H. Whitby (see No. 1951).
GMN 1952 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2829
1938 WEYMOUTH, Anthony [Pseudonym]
Through the leper-squint. A study of leprosy from pre-Christian times to the present day.
GMN 2446 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2942
1938 REIMANN, Hobart Ansteth (1897 – 1986)
An acute infection of the respiratory tract with atypical pneumonia: A disease entity probably caused by a filterable virus.
Atypical pneumonia.
GMN 3211 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4348
1938 FELIX, Arthur (1887 – 1956); PETRIE, George Ford (1863 – 1955)
The preparation of anti-typhoid serum in the horse for therapeutic use in man.
Typhoid antiserum.
GMN 5045.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5826
1938 HIRO, Y; TASAKA, S
Die Röteln sind eine Viruskrankheit.
Successful transfer of rubella to children by means of filtered nasal washings.
GMN 5506.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6497
1938 SAENZ RICART, Braulio (1886 – 1961)
Demonstratión de un treponema en el borde activo un caso de pinto de las manos y pies y en la linfa de ganglios superficiales (reporte preliminar).
B. Saenz, J. Grau Triana, and J. Alfonso Armenteros indicated that pinta is caused by a treponeme, T. carateum.
GMN 5308.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6564
1938 PLOTZ, Harry (1890 – 1947)
Culture “in vitro” du virus de la rougeole.
Successful cultivation of measles virus.
GMN 5449 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7492
1938 SHANNON, Raymond Corbett (1894 – 1945); ET AL
Yellow fever virus in jungle mosquitoes.
Haemagogus sp. shown to be vectors of yellow fever. With L. Whitman and M. Frania.
GMN 5467.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7600
1938 JAMES, Sydney Price (1870 – 1946); TAIT, P
Exo-erythrocytic schizogony in Plasmodium gallinaceum Brumpt, 1935.
The term “exo-erythrocytic stage” introduced to describe the unpigmented schizonts found in tissue cells. The parasite Plasmodium gallincaceum described by Alexandre Joseph Emile Brumpt causes malaria in poultry.
GMN 5258 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8541
1939 ZILBER, Lev Aleksandrovich (Alexandrovich) (1894 – 1966)
Vesennij (vesenne-letnij) endemiceskij klescevoj encefalit. [Vernal (verno-aestival) endemic tick-borne encephalitis.]
Isolation of the virus of spring–summer (Russian Far East) encephalitis.
GMN 4660.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/785
1939 HEFFRON, Roderick (1901 – )
Pneumonia. With special reference to pneumococcus lobar pneumonia.
GMN 3212 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4352
1939 KENDRICK, Pearl Louella (1890 – 1980); ELDERING, Grace (1900 – 1988)
A study in active immunization against pertussis.
Pertussis vaccine.
GMN 5087.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5978
1939 STERNE, Max (1905 – 1997)
The use of anthrax vaccines prepared from avirulent (uncapsulatec) variants of Bacillus anthracis.
Nonencapsulated spore vaccine.
GMN 5172.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6264
1939 DAWSON, James Robertson Jr. (1908 – 1986)
Infection of chicks and chick embryos with rabies.
Cultivation of rabies virus in the chick embryo. Soon afterwards I. J. Kligler and H. Bernkopf, Nature, 1939, 143, 899, made a similar report.
GMN 5484.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6391
1940 WHITWELL, James Richard (1863 – 1945)
Syphilis in earlier days.
GMN 2431 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2889
1940 FELDMAN, William Hugh (1892 – 1974); ET AL
The effect of promin (sodium salt of P. P’-diamino-diphenyl-sulfone-N, N’-dextrose sulfonate) on experimental tuberculosis: a preliminary report.
Experimental evidence of the value of promin (sodium glucosulphone) in tuberculosis. With H. C. Hinshaw and H.E. Moses. See also Amer. Rev. Tuberc., 1942, 45, 303-33.
GMN 2349 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3120
1940 FRANCIS, Thomas Jr. (1900 – 1969)
A new type of virus from epidemic influenza.
Recovery of influenza B virus.
GMN 5498 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6460
1940 MAGILL, Thomas Pleines (1903 – 1999)
A virus from cases of influenza-like upper-respiratory infection.
Recovery of influenza B virus.
GMN 5499 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6462
1940 COX, Herald Rea (1907 – 1986); BELL, E. John
Epidemic and endemic typhus. Protective value for guinea pigs of vaccines prepared from infected tissues of the developing chick embryo.
Typhus vaccine.
GMN 5398.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7191
1940 LEWTHWAITE, Raymond (1894 – 1972); SAVOOR, S. R. (1900 – 1980)
Rickettsia disease of Malaya. Identity of tsutsugamushi and rural typhus.
Lewthwaite and Savoor showed scrub typhus to be identical to tsutsugamushi fever.
GMN 5398.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7195
1940 MCKEE, Clara M.
Complement-fixation test in lymphogranuloma venereum.
Diagnosis of lymphogranuloma venereum by complement-fixation test. With G. W. Rake and M. F. Shaffer.
GMN 5224 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7840
1940 MUDROW, Lilly (1908 – 1957)
Klinische und parasitologische Befunde und chemotherapeutische Ergebnisse bei der Hühnermalaria.
Discovery of the developmental forms of P. gallinaceum in the incubation period.
GMN 5259 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8542
1940 SHORTT, Henry Edward (1887 – 1987); ET AL
The form of Plasmodium, gallinaceum present in the incubation period of the infection.
Independently of Mudrow, H. E. Shortt, K. P. Menon, and P. V. Seetharama Iyer found pre-erythrocytic forms of P. gallinaceum in the tissues.
GMN 5259.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8543
1940 SMITHBURN, K. C.; HUGHES, T. P.; BURKE, A. W.; ET AL
A neurotropic virus isolated from the blood of a native in Uganda.
Order of authorship in the original paper: Smithburn, Hughes, Burke. In 1937 the authors isolated a virus from the blood of an adult female with fever from the Omogo West Nile district of Uganda, and named it West Nil…
GMN 10951 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13147
1941 PANGBORN, Mary Candace (1907 – 2003)
A new serologically active phospholipid from beef heart.
Cardiolipin antigen for serological diagnosis of syphilis. For isolation and purification see J. biol. Chem., 1942, 143, 247-56.
GMN 2417 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3420
1941 HIRST, George Keble (1909 – 1994)
The agglutination of red cells by allantoic fluid of chick embryos infected with influenza virus.
Discovery of virus hemagglutination. Between 1941 and 1942 Hirst developed the hemagglutination assay for quantifying the relative concentration of viruses, bacteria or antibodies.
GMN 2577 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4130
1941 MARSHALL, Eli Kennerly Jr. (1889 – 1966); ET AL
Sulfanilylguanidine in the treatment of acute bacillary dysentery in children.
E. K. Marshall, A. C. Bratton, L. B. Edwards, and E. L. Walker were the first to use sulphaguanidine in the treatment of bacillary dysentery.
GMN 5096 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6014
1941 GREGG, Sir Norman McAlister (1892 – 1966)
Congenital cataract following German measles in the mother.
Gregg drew attention to congenital defects in infants following rubella in the mother during the early part of pregnancy.
GMN 5507 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6499
1941 ADLER, Saul (1895 – 1956); BER, Mordechai ( – 1952)
The transmission of Leishmania tropica by the bite of Phlebotomus papatasii.
Proof of the transmission of L. tropica by P. papatasii.
GMN 5301.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6543
1941 OTTOLINA, Carlos (1903 – 1960)
The vesicular test. Diagnostic method of infection by poradenic (lymphogranuloma inguinale)virus.
Vesicular test for diagnosis of lymphogranuloma venereum.
GMN 5224.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7841
1942 VOEGT, H
Zur Aetiologie der Hepatitis epidemica.
Transmission of infective hepatitis agent.
GMN 3664.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4813
1942 HABEL, Karl (1908 – 1991)
Transmission of rubella to Macacus mulatta monkeys.
Successful transmission of rubella.
GMN 5508 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6501
1942 SWAMINATH, C. S.
Transmission of Indian kala-azar to man by the bites of Phlebotomus argentipes, Ann. and Brun.
Successful transmission of kala-azar to man by the bite of Phlebotomus argentipes reported, showing it to be the vector of Leishmania. With H. E. Shortt and L. A. P. Anderson.
GMN 5302 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6545
1942 BURNET, Sir Frank Macfarlane (1899 – 1985); CLARKE, Ellen
Influenza: A survey of the last fifty years in the light of modern work on the virus of epidemic influenza.
GMN 12108 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14317
1943 WINSLOW, Charles-Edward Amory (1877 – 1957)
The conquest of epidemic diseases. A chapter in the history of ideas.
Reprinted 1980.
GMN 1666 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2229
1943 FAGET, Guy Henry (1891 – 1947); ET AL
The promin treatment of leprosy. A progress report.
Promin (sodium glucosulphone) introduced in the treatment of leprosy. With R. C. Pogge, F. A. Johansen, J. F. Dinan, B. M. Prejean, and C. G. Eccles.
GMN 2441 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2921
1943 MAHONEY, John Friend (1889 – 1957); ARNOLD, Richard C. (1906 – 1992); HARRIS, Ad
Penicillin treatment of early syphilis. A preliminary report.
Mahoney and colleagues introduced penicillin in treatment of syphilis. This was the report of the first four cases of patients with early stages of the disease. Digital facsimile of the version published in the the Am…
GMN 2418 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3422
1943 SWAN, Charles Spencer (1912 – 1963)
Congenital defects in infants following infectious diseases during pregnancy.
Figures demonstrating that rubella in the first or second month of pregnancy always results in an abnormal infant. With A. L. Tostevin, B. Moore, H. Mayo, and G. H. B. Black.
GMN 5509 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6503
1943 HERRELL, Wallace Edgar (1909 – 1992); ET AL
Use of penicillin in sulfonamide resistant gonorrheal infections.
With E. N. Cook and L. Thompson.
GMN 5214.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7820
1943 SMADEL, Joseph Edwin (1907 – 1963); PHILIP, C. B.
Transmission of West Nile virus by infected Aedes albopictus.
The authors demonstrated that the Aedes albopictus mosquito is the vector of West Nile virus. (Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)
GMN 10952 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13148
1944 ROSENBERG, David Harry (1903 – ); ARLING, Philip Arthur (1908 – 1955)
Penicillin in the treatment of meningitis.
GMN 4689.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/970
1944 GOODMAN, Herman (1894 – 1971)
Notable contributors to the knowledge of syphilis.
GMN 2432 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2890
