1950 PAN AMERICAN HEALTH ORGANIZATION
Bibliography of onchocerciasis.
Publication No. 242.
GMN 5352.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6918
1950 EDGCOMB, John Harold (1924 – 2007); ET AL
Primaquine, S.N. 13,272, a new curative agent in vivax malaria: a preliminary report.
Introduction of primaquine.
GMN 5262.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8552
1950 JARAMILLO-ARANGO, Jaime (1897 – 1962)
The conquest of malaria.
GMN 5264.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8558
1950 WOLF, Abner (1902 – 1983); COWEN, David (1907 – 2001)
Experimental congenital toxoplasmosis. 1. The vagina as a portral of entry of toxoplasma in the mouse. Experimental congenital toxomplasmosis II. Transmission of toxomplasmosis to the placenta and fetus following vaginal infection the the pregnant mouse. Experimental congenital toxoplasmosis III. Toxomplasmosis in the offspring of mice infected by the vaginal route. Incidence and manifestations of the disease.
"In 1950 and 1951, Drs. Cowen and Wolf published a series of 5 papers, super-titled, “Experimental Congenital Toxoplasmosis,” in which they demonstrated the intrauterine infection of placenta, fetus, and offspring wit…
GMN 13473 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15747
1950 ALIVIZATOS, G. P.
The early smallpox epidemics in Europe and the plague of Athens after Thucydides.
GMN 13804 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/16091
1951 HEAF, Frederick Roland George (1894 – 1973)
The multiple-puncture tuberculin test.
The Heaf multiple-puncture tuberculin test.
GMN 2352.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3135
1951 GREER, William Edward R. (1918 – ); KEEFER, Chester Scott (1897 – 1972)
Cat-scratch fever. A disease entity.
First description.
GMN 5546.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6769
1951 FALCO, E. A.
2:4-Diaminopyrimidines – a new series of antimalarials.
Preparation and laboratory tests of pyrimethamine. With L. G. Goodwin, G. H. Hutchings, I. M. Rollo, and P. B. Russell.
GMN 5262.4 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8553
1951 ROLLO, Ian McIntosh (1926 – 2015)
A 2:4-diamino pyrimidine in the treatment of proguanil-resistant laboratory malarial strains.
Pyrimethamine (daraprim).
GMN 5262.5 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8554
1952 ROBITZEK, Edward Heinrich (1912 – 1984); ET AL
Chemotherapy of human tuberculosis with hydrazine derivatives of isonicotinic acid. (Preliminary report of representative cases.)
Introduction of isoniazid. With I. J. Selikoff and G. G. Omstein. See also Amer. Rev. Tuberc., 1952, 65, 257-442.
GMN 2353 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3139
1952 DICK, George Williamson Auchinvole (1914 – 1997); KITCHEN, S. F.; HADDOW, Alexander John (1912 – 1978)
Zika virus (I). Isolations and serological specificity.
First description of Zika virus, an arbovirus native to Africa. The authors named the virus after the Zika forest in Uganda, where they were searching for Yellow Fever. Instead they isolated a new virus in samples tak…
GMN 7864 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/10036
1952 DICK, George Williamson Auchinvole (1914 – 1997)
Zika virus. (II). Pathogenicity and physical properties.
Dick's second paper on the Zika virus, immediately following his first paper in the same volume of the same journal (see no. 7864). First statement that the Aedes aegypti mosquito is the vector of transmission of the …
GMN 10939 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13135
1952 SMITHBURN, K. C.
Neutralizing antibodies against certain recently isolated viruses in the sera of human beings residing in East Africa.
First report of human illness caused by Zika virus, detected in Uganda and Tanzania. 38 patients had neutralizing antibodies to Zika virus in their blood serum, proving that they had been infected by the virus. (Thank…
GMN 10940 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13136
1952 ENDERS, John Franklin (1897 – 1985); WELLER, Thomas Huckle (1915 – 2008); ROBBINS, Frederick Chapman (1916 – 2003); ET AL
Studies on the cultivation of poliomyelitis viruses in tissue culture.
Order of authorship in the original publication: Weller, Enders, Robbins. In this paper the authors describe their improved method for culturing poliomyelitis viruses in "normal kidney tissue." Followed by Robbins, We…
GMN 11103 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13299
1953 SALK, Jonas Edward (1914 – 1995); ET AL
Studies in human subjects on active immunization against poliomyelitis. 1. A preliminary report of experiments in progress.
Killed-virus vaccine. With four co-authors.
GMN 4672.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/889
1953 HIRST, Leonard Fabian (1882 – 1964)
Conquest of plague. A study of the evolution of epidemiology.
GMN 5143 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6160
1953 WELLER, Thomas Huckle (1915 – 2008)
Serial propagation in vitro of agents producing inclusion bodies derived from varicella and herpes zoster.
Isolation of the varicella-herpes virus.
GMN 5440.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7466
1953 RODENWALDT, Ernst Robert Karl (1878 – 1965)
Pest in Venedig 1575-1577. Ein Beitrag zur Frage der Infektkette bei den Pestepidemien West-Europas.
Rodenwaldt studied of the course of plague in Venice from 1575-1577 and the measures taken to combat the epidemic, considering symptoms, transmitter, environment, climatic influences, and the success and failure of th…
GMN 10504 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/12697
1953 REEVES, William C. (1916 – 2004)
Quantitative field studies on a carbon dioxide chemotropism of mosquitoes.
Reeves demonstrated that mosquitoes detect their prey by sensing the carbon dioxide that animals exhale. (It was later shown that some mosquitoes can detect their prey from more than 165 feet away.) (Thanks to Juan We…
GMN 11075 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13271
1954 SCHÖNFELD, Walther Heinrich Paul (1888 – 1977)
Kurze Geschichte der Dermatologie und Venereologie und ihre kulturgeschichtliche Spiegelung.
GMN 4158.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5933
1954 POLLITZER, Robert (1885 – 1968)
Plague.
Includes a section on the history of plague. WHO Monograph Series, No. 22.
GMN 5131 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6138
1954 –1960 IYENGAR, Mandayam Osuri Tirunarayana (1895 – 1963)
Annotated bibliography of filariasis and elephantiasis. 5 parts.
South Pacific Commission Technical Papers, Nos. 65, 88, 109 (and Supplement), 124, and 160.
GMN 5352.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6921
1954 ENDERS, John Franklin (1897 – 1985); PEEBLES, Thomas C. (1921 – 2010)
Propagation in tissue cultures of cytopathogenic agents from patients with measles.
Isolation of measles virus.
GMN 5449.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7498
1954 ALLISON, Anthony Clifford (1925 – 2014)
Protection afforded by sickle-cell trait against subtertian malarial infection.
Allison was the first to connect a hereditary disease (sickle cell disease) to an infectious disease (malaria). He proved that heterozygous and homozygous individuals to the sickle cell trait or disease respectively s…
GMN 11887 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14091
1954 IBSEN, Bjørn Aage (1915 – 2007)
The anaesthetist's viewpoint on the treatment of respiratory complications in poliomyelitis during the epidemic in Copenhagen, 1952.
Ibsen developed the first Intensive Care Unit (ICU) during the polio epidemic in Copenhagen in 1952, formally setting up the unit in 1953 in a converted student nurse classroom in the Municipal Hospital in Copenhagen.…
GMN 12968 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15216
1955 SABIN, Albert Bruce (1906 – 1993)
Immunization of chimpanzees and human beings with avirulent strains of poliomyelitis virus.
Sabin reported the successful immunization of chimpanzees by oral and I.M. route using the Brunhilde, Mahoney and Leon strains of polio virus. On p. 1055 he reported the experimental results on humans given a "single …
GMN 4672.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/894
1955 BURKE, Richard Michael (1903 – )
Historical chronology of tuberculosis. 2nd ed.
GMN 2360 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3172
1955 SCHÄFER, Werner (1912 – 2000)
Vergleichende sero-immunologische Untersuchungen über die Viren der Influenza und klassischen Geflügelpest.
Schäfer showed the close serological relationship between human influenza viruses and their avian counterparts and suggested that members of this group might change their host specificity.
GMN 5500.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6467
1955 HENLE, Gertrude Szpingier (1912 – 2006); DEINHARDT, Friedrich W. (1926 – 1992)
Propagation and primary isolation of mumps virus in tissue culture.
GMN 5546.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6771
1955 RUSSELL, Paul Farr (1894 – 1983)
Man’s mastery of malaria.
Heath Clark Lectures, 1953.
GMN 5264.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8559
1955 WELLS, William Firth ( – 1963)
Airborne contagion and air hygiene: An ecological study of droplet infections.
"In 1954, Wells began a long-term experiment to demonstrate that tuberculosis could be transmitted through air. At the VA Hospital in Baltimore, collaborating with Riley, John Barnwell, and Cretyl C. Mills, he built a…
GMN 13140 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15398
1956 DAVEY, Thomas Frank (1908 – 1983); CURRIE, Gordon
Clinical trials of diphenyl thiourea compound SU 1906 (Ciba 1509E) in the treatment of leprosy. Progress during the first year.
Introduction of diphenylthiourea (thiambutosine) therapy.
GMN 2442.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2927
1956 GRIFFITHS, Margaret Isabel (1902 – 1996); GAISFORD, Wilfrid Fletcher (1902 – 1988)
Freeze-dried B.C.G. vaccination of newborn infants with a British vaccine.
Freeze-dried B.C.G. vaccine.
GMN 2353.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3142
1957 GAJDUSEK, Daniel Carleton (1923 – 2008); ZIGAS, Vincent (1920 – 1983)
Degenerative disease of the central nervous system in New Guinea. The endemic occurrence of “Kuru” in the native population.
First description of Kuru, a disease occurring in natives of New Guinea. Cause of the disease was unknown. "It is now widely accepted that kuru was transmitted among members of the Fore tribe of Papua New Guinea via f…
GMN 4729.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1253
1957 CANNEFAX, George Radford (1911 – ); GARSON, Warfield (1918 – 2007)
Reiter protein complement fixation test for syphilis.
See also H. Reiter, Brit. J. vener. Dis., 1960, 36, 18-20.
GMN 2419.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2876
1957 DEACON, Wilbur Eugene (1907 – ); ET AL
A fluorescent test for treponemal antibodies.
Fluorescent treponemal antibody test. With V. H. Falcone and A. Harris.
GMN 2419.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2877
1957 ISAACS, Alick (1921 – 1967); LINDENMANN, Jean (1924 – 2015)
Virus interference. I. The interferon.
Discovery of interferon type I, a protein that interferes with viral replication. "While working together at the NIMR, Lindenmann and Isaacs noticed that if they killed viruses using heat and applied the dead viruses …
GMN 2578.22 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/4236
1957 MILLER, Genevieve (1914 – 2013)
The adoption of inoculation for smallpox in England and France.
The appendices contain the early histories of inoculation, a list of German doctoral dissertations on inoculation 1720-52, and a bibliography.
GMN 5436.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7441
1957 ŠKRABALO, Zdenko (1929 – 2014); DEANOVIC, Z.
Piroplasmosis in man: Report on a case.
Order of authorship in the original paper was Škrabalo, Deanovic. First report of a case of babesiosis in a human, in this case an immunocompromised patient in Zagreb, (now Croatia). Piroplasmosis is another term for …
GMN 10886 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13082
1958 LUMSDEN, Leslie Leon (1875 – 1946)
St. Louis encephalitis in 1933; observations on epidemiological features.
In a report to the Surgeon General in 1933, Lumsden concluded that the Culex mosquito was the vector of the St. Louis encephalitis virus. His report was not published until 1958.
GMN 4661.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/791
1958 GENTLES, James Clark (1921 – 1987)
Experimental ringworm in guinea pigs: oral treatment with griseofulvin.
Use of griseofulvin in the treatment of ringworm.
GMN 4011.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5165
1958 WIJERS, D. J. B.
Factors that may influence the infection rate of Glossina palpalis with Trypanomosoma gambiense. 1. The age of the fly at the time of the infected feed.
Wijers showed that the tsetse fly is infected during its first or second blood meal, but not afterwards, information of considerable importance in determining the criteria for the transmission of trypanosomiasis.
GMN 5289.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6373
1958 BLOOMFIELD, Arthur Leonard (1888 – 1962)
A bibliography of internal medicine. Communicable diseases.
An extensive bibliography, and substantial excerpts from practically every important reference made to each of 30 communicable diseases, from 1800 onwards.
GMN 5546.6 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6780
1958 ENDERS, John Franklin (1897 – 1985); KATZ, Samuel Lawrence (1927 – ); ET AL
Propagation of measles virus in cultures of chick embryo cells.
With M. V. Milovanovič.
GMN 5449.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7500
1958 EISEMAN, Ben (1917 – 2012); BASCOM, George S. (1927 – 1993); SILEN, W.; ET AL
Fecal enema as an adjunct in the treatment of pseudomembranous enterocolitis.
Order of authorship in the original publication: Eiseman, Silen, Bascom.... Report of the first "fecal transplant / fecal therapy," also known as "faecal microbiota transplanation," for recurrent / resistant C. diffic…
GMN 11458 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13657
1959 DAVEY, Thomas Frank (1908 – 1983); HOGERZEIL, L. M.
Diethyl dithiolisophthalate in the treatment of leprosy (ETIP or “Etisul”); a progress report.
Ditophal (Etisul) in leprosy.
GMN 2442.3 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2932
1959 RIST, Noël (1906 – 1990); ET AL
Experiments on the antituberculous activity of alpha-ethyl-thioisonicotinamide.
Ethionamide. With F. Grumbach and D. Liberman.
GMN 2353.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3146
1959 POLLITZER, Robert (1885 – 1968)
Cholera.
Includes a section on the history of cholera. WHO Monograph Series,No. 43.
GMN 5111.4 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6070
1959 HADLOW, W. J.
Scrapie and Kuru.
In 1959 Hadlow, a veterinarian, visited a medical exposition in England where Carlton Gajdusek posted pathological slides of autopsied Kuru brains and a clinical description of the illness. He realized that Gajdusek's…
GMN 10840 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13036
1960 SHEPARD, Charles Carter (1914 – 1985)
Acid-fast bacilli in nasal excretions in leprosy, and results of inoculation of mice.
Transmission of leprosy to animals. See also J. exp. Med., 1960, 112, 445.
GMN 2442.4 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2934
