1846 DUBINI, Angelo (1813 – 1902)

Primi cenni sulla corea elettrica.

First description of electric chorea, “Dubini’s chorea”, the myoclonic form of epidemic encephalitis.

GMN 4637 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/702

1885 STRÜMPELL, Ernst Adolf Gustav Gottfried (1853 – 1925)

Ueber die akute Encephalitis der Kinder (Polioencephalitis acuta, cerebrale Kinderlähmung).

“Strumpell’s disease” – polioencephalomyelitis.

GMN 4643 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/721

1912 SCHILDER, Paul Ferdinand (1886 – 1940)

Zur Kenntnis der sogenannten diffusen Sklerose (über Encephalitis periaxialis diffusa).

“Schilder’s disease” – encephalitis periaxialis diffusa.

GMN 4646 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/730

1917 CAMPBELL, Alfred Walter (1868 – 1937); CLELAND, Sir John Burton (1878 – 1971)

The Australian epidemics of an acute polio-encephalomyelitis (X disease).

Campbell was Australia's first neurologist. This paper described Murray Valley encephalitis (Australian X disease). Cleland and Campbell isolated a virus from the cerebral tissue of three patients.

GMN 4648 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/738

1917 CRUCHET, Jean René (1875 – 1959); CALMETTE, Léon Charles Albert (1863 – 1933); ET AL

Quarante cas d’encéphalo-myélite subaiguë.

Cruchet’s account of epidemic encephalitis was given on 27 April 1917, preceding that of Economo by 13 days. With F. Moutier

GMN 4649 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/743

1917 ECONOMO, Constantin von (1876 – 1931)

Encephalitis lethargica.

Economo’s classic description of epidemic encephalitis (“von Economo’s disease”) was published on 10 May 1917; see No. 4649.

GMN 4650 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/8868

1919 LOEWE, Leo (1896 – ); STRAUSS, Israel (1873 – 1955)

Etiology of epidemic (lethargic) encephalitis. Preliminary note.

Experimental transmission of encephalitis lethargica.

GMN 4651 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/750

1921 SOUQUES, Achille Alexandre (1860 – 1944)

Rapport sur les syndromes parkinsoniens.

Souques recognized the importance of encephalitis lethargica as a cause of Parkinsonism; more than any other neurologist he was responsible for unifying its diverse manifestations.

GMN 4723 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/1225

1922 STERN, Felix (1884 – 1941)

Die epidemische Encephalitis. (Monographien aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Neurologie und Psychiatrie. Bd. 30).

Felix Stern was the leading German specialist in encephalitis lethargica . No national statistics for this disease, first described in Vienna in 1916, were kept in Germany. For this reason, the data collected by Stern…

GMN 12637 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14878

1927 BALÓ, József Mátyas (1895 – 1979)

A leukoenkephalitis periaxialis concentricaról.

“Baló’s disease” – encephalitis periaxialis concentrica. Translation in Arch. Neurol. Psychiat. (Chicago), 1928, 19, 242-64.

GMN 4653 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/755

1928 KANEKO, Renjiro (1886 – ); AOKI, Y

Ueber die Encephalitis epidemica in Japan.

Japanese encephalitis distinguished from encephalitis lethargica.

GMN 4654 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/760

1929 ECONOMO, Constantin von (1876 – 1931)

Die Encephalitis lethargica, ihre Nachkrankheiten und ihre Behandlung.

Translated and adapted by K. O. Newman as Encephalitis lethargica its sequelae and treatment. London: Oxford University Press, 1931.

GMN 12642 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14883

1933 MUCKENFUSS, Ralph S. (1916 – )

Encephalitis: studies on experimental transmission.

Isolation of the St. Louis encephalitis virus. With C. Armstrong and H. A. McCordock.

GMN 4656 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/765

1934 HAYASHI, Michitomo

Übertragung des Virus von Encephalitis epidemica auf Affen.

Experimental transmission of Japanese B encephalitis.

GMN 4657 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/767

1934 ARMSTRONG, Charles (1886 – 1967); LILLIE, Ralph Dougall (1896 – 1979)

Experimental lymphocytic choriomeningitis of monkeys and mice produced by a virus encountered in studies of the 1933 St. Louis encephalitis epidemic.

Isolation of the virus of benign lymphocytic choriomeningits.

GMN 4688 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/966

1936 TANIGUCHI, Tenji (1889 – 1961); ET AL

A virus isolated in 1935 epidemic of summer encephalitis in Japan.

T. Taniguchi, M. Hosokawa, and S. Kuga established a virus etiology for Japanese B encephalitis.

GMN 4659 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/774

1937 WOLF, Abner (1902 – 1983); COWEN, David (1907 – 2001)

Granulomatous encephalomyelitis due to an encephalitozoon (encephalitozoic encephalomyelitis), a new protozoon disease of man.

Definite recognition of human toxoplasmosis. See also their later paper in the same journal, 1938, 7, 266-83.

GMN 5544.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6754

1938 FOTHERGILL, Leroy Dryden (1901 – 1967); ET AL

Human encephalitis caused by the virus of the Eastern variety of equine encephalomyelitis.

Isolation of the virus of Eastern equine encephalitis from man. With J. H. Dingle, S. Farber, and M. L. Connerley.

GMN 4659.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/780

1938 HOWITT, Beatrice Fay (1891 – )

Recovery of the virus of equine encephalomyelitis from the brain of a child.

Western equine encephalitis virus recovered from man.

GMN 4660 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/783

1939 ZILBER, Lev Aleksandrovich (Alexandrovich) (1894 – 1966)

Vesennij (vesenne-letnij) endemiceskij klescevoj encefalit. [Vernal (verno-aestival) endemic tick-borne encephalitis.]

Isolation of the virus of spring–summer (Russian Far East) encephalitis.

GMN 4660.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/785

1940 SMITHBURN, K. C.; HUGHES, T. P.; BURKE, A. W.; ET AL

A neurotropic virus isolated from the blood of a native in Uganda.

Order of authorship in the original paper: Smithburn, Hughes, Burke. In 1937 the authors isolated a virus from the blood of an adult female with fever from the Omogo West Nile district of Uganda, and named it West Nil…

GMN 10951 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13147

1958 LUMSDEN, Leslie Leon (1875 – 1946)

St. Louis encephalitis in 1933; observations on epidemiological features.

In a report to the Surgeon General in 1933, Lumsden concluded that the Culex mosquito was the vector of the St. Louis encephalitis virus. His report was not published until 1958.

GMN 4661.2 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/791

1962 MCLEAN, Donald M.; MCQUEEN, Joan; PETITIE, H. Elizabeth; ET AL

Powassan virus: Field investigations in Northern Ontario, 1959-1961.

The authors isolated a virus from the brain of a child who died of encephalitis in Powassan, Ontario, and named it the Powassan virus. They posited a tick vector and possible rodent natural hosts. (Thanks to Juan Weis…

GMN 10920 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13116

1973 SACKS, Oliver Wolf (1933 – 2015)

Awakenings.

Revised editions, 1976 and 1991. "It recounts the life histories of those who had been victims of the 1920s encephalitis lethargica epidemic.[2] Sacks chronicles his efforts in the late 1960s to help these patients at…

GMN 9131 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/11310

1999 CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION (CDC)

Outbreak of West Nile-like viral encephalitis -- New York, 1999.

On October 1, 1999 the CDC reported a cluster of human encephalitis cases; prior to these cases many crows had been dying. The "sentinel event" in this outbreak was the report to the New York Health Dept. by Dr. D. As…

GMN 10953 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13149

1999 ANDERSON, John F.; ANDREADIS, Theodore G.; VOSSBRINCK, Charles R.

Isolation of West Nile virus from mosquitoes, crows, and a Cooper's hawk in Connecticut.

First definite identification of the West Nile virus in the Western hemisphere. This paper was immediately followed in the same issue of Science by Lanciott, R.S., Roehrig, J.T., Deubet, V. et al, "Origin of the West …

GMN 10954 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13150

2006 GLASS, William G.; MCDERMOTT, David H.; LIM, Jean K.

CCR5 deficiency increases risk of symptomatic West Nile infection.

The authors showed that the absence of the CCR5 receptor, which provides immunoresistance to HIV increases susceptability to West Nile virus. (Order of authorship in the original publication: Glass, McDermott, Lim et …

GMN 12597 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14837

2009 FOLEY, Paul Bernard

Encephalitis lethargica and influenza. 1: The role of the influenza virus in the influenza pandemic of 1918/1919. 2: The influenza pandemic of 1918/19 and encephalitis lethargica: Epidemiology and symptoms. 3: The influenza pandemic of 1918/19 and encephalitis lethargica: Neuropathology and discussion.

Parts 2 and 3 are freely available from PubMedCentral at this link, and at this link.

GMN 12641 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14882

2014 WILSON, Michael R.; NACCACHE, Samia N.; SAMAYOA, Erik; CHIU, Charles Y.; ET AL

Actionable diagnosis of neuroleptospirosis by next-generation sequencing.

Order of authorship in the original publication: Wilson, Naccache, Samayoa...Chiu. This research demonstrated the value of "next-generation-sequencing" in the diagnosis of a specific meningoencephalitis, a disease whi…

GMN 11397 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/13596

2018 FOLEY, Paul Bernard

Encephalitis lethargica: The mind and brain virus.

Both an historical and a scientific study.

GMN 12636 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/14877