1906 WASSERMANN, August von (1866 – 1925); ET AL

Eine serodiagnostische Reaktion bei Syphilis.

The “Wassermann reaction”, a specific diagnostic blood test for syphilis, and a modification of the complement-fixation reaction of Bordet and Gengou. With A. Neisser and C. Bruck.

GMN 2402 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3363

1906 REUTER, Karl

Ueber Spirochaeta pallida in der Aortenwand bei Hellerscher Aortitis.

Treponema pallidum first discovered in the diseased aorta.

GMN 2824 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3531

1906 HAGNER, Francis Randall (1873 – 1940)

The operative treatment of acute gonorrheal epididymitis.

Hagner devised the open operation for the relief of acute epididymitis.

GMN 4194 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/6131

1906 MÜLLER, Rudolf (1877 – ); OPPENHEIM, Moritz (1876 – 1949)

Ueber den Nachweis von Antikörpern im Serum eines an Arthritis gonorrhoica Erkrankten mittels Komplementablenkung.

“Müller–Oppenheim reaction” – a complement fixation test for the diagnosis of gonorrhoea.

GMN 5213 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7815

1910 EHRLICH, Paul (1854 – 1915); HATA, Sahachiro (1873 – 1938)

Die experimentelle Chemotherapie der Spirillosen (Syphilis, Rückfallfieber, Hühnerspirillose, Frambösie).

After many experiments on the action of synthetic drugs upon spirochetal diseases, Ehrlich and Hata in 1909 discovered Arsphenamine (Salvarsan, "the arsenic that saves", also known as “606”), an effective treatment fo…

GMN 2403 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3366

1910 DOCK, Lavinia Lloyd (1858 – 1956)

Hygiene and morality: A manual for nurses and others, giving an outline of the medical, social, and legal aspects of the venereal diseases.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

GMN 13217 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/15481

1911 NOGUCHI, Hideyo (1876 – 1928)

A method for the pure cultivation of pathogenic Treponema pallidum (Spirochaeta pallida).

Pure culture of T. pallidum first obtained. Digital facsimile from digitalcommon.oshu.edu at this link.

GMN 2404 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3368

1912 SUDHOFF, Karl Friedrich Jakob (1853 – 1938)

Aus der Frühgeschichte der Syphilis.

Sudhoff believed in the pre-Columbian existence of syphilis.

GMN 2424 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2883

1912 EHRLICH, Paul (1854 – 1915)

Ueber Laboratoriumsversuche und klinische Erprobung von Heilstoffen.

Introduction of neoarsphenamine (neosalvarsan).

GMN 2405 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3371

1912 SUDHOFF, Karl Friedrich Jakob (1853 – 1938)

Mal Franzoso in Italien in der ersten Hälfte des 15. Jahrhunderts.

Forms Heft 5 of K. Sudhoff & G. Sticker: Zur historischen Biologie der Krankheitserreger.

GMN 2425 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3650

1913 LANGE, Karl Friedrich August (1883 – )

Die Ausflockung kolloidalen Goldes durch Zerebrospinalflüssigkeit bei luetischenAffektiondesZentralnervensystems.

Lange’s colloidal gold test for the diagnosis of cerebrospinal syphilis. See also Berl. klin. Wschr., 1912, 49, 897-901.

GMN 2406 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3374

1913 DURAND, Joseph (1876 – ); NICOLAS, Joseph (1868 – 1960); FAVRE, Maurice (1876 – 1955)

Lymphogranulomatose inguinale subaiguë d’origine génitale probable, peut-être vénérienne.

First important description. Sometimes called “Nicolas–Favre disease” and “Nicolas–Durand–Favre disease”.

GMN 5217 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7826

1917 MEINICKE, Ernst (1878 – 1945)

Ueber ein neue Methode der serologischen Luesdiagnose.

Meinicke diagnostic reaction.

GMN 2407 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3375

1919 SACHS, Hans (1877 – 1945); GEORGI, Walter (1889 – 1920)

Zur Kritik des serologischen Luesnachweises mittels Ausflockung.

Sachs–Georgi diagnostic reaction.

GMN 2408 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3378

1919 WEICHARDT, Julius Wolfgang (1875 – 1945); SCHRADER, Erich

Über die Serodiagnostik der Syphilis mittels Ausflockung durch cholesterinierte Extrakte.

Weichardt’s reagent.

GMN 2409 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3382

1920 WARTHIN, Aldred Scott (1866 – 1931); STARRY, Allen Chronister (1890 – 1973)

A more rapid and improved method of demonstrating spirochetes in tissues (Warthin and Starry’s cover-glass method).

Warthin and Starry’s method.

GMN 2410 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3386

1921 LEVADITI, Constantin (1874 – 1953); SAZERAC, Robert (1875 – )

Traitement de la syphilis par le bismuth.

Introduction of sodium-potassium bismuth tartrate in the treatment of syphilis.

GMN 2411 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3390

1922 KAHN, Reuben Leon (1887 – 1979)

A simple quantative precipitation reaction for syphilis.

Kahn test.

GMN 2412 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3402

1922 KOLMER, John Albert (1886 – 1962)

Studies in the standardization of the Wassermann reaction. XXX. A new complement-fixation test for syphilis based upon the results of studies in the standardization of technic.

Kolmer test.

GMN 2413 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3404

1923 DOHI, Keizo (1866 – 1931)

Beiträge zur Geschichte der Syphilis: insbesondere über ihren Ursprung und ihre Pathologie in Ostasien.

Gives, in an appendix, a list of writers on syphilis from 1495 to 1829. Digital facsimile from wellcomecollection.org at this link.

GMN 2426 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2884

1925 SUDHOFF, Karl Friedrich Jakob (1853 – 1938); SINGER, Charles Joseph (1876 – 1960)

The earliest printed literature on syphilis. Being ten tractates from the years 1495-98

GMN 2427 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2886

1925 FREI, Wilhelm Siegmund (1885 – 1943)

Eine neue Hautreaktion bei “Lymphogranuloma inguinale”.

The Frei skin test for the diagnosis of lymphogranuloma venereum.

GMN 5218 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7828

1926 LOEVENHART, Arthur Salomon (1878 – 1929); STRATMAN-THOMAS, Warren Kidwell (1894 – 1946)

On the chemotherapy of neurosyphilis and trypanosomiasis.

Study of the effect of twelve different substances in neurosyphilis and trypanosomiasis.

GMN 1915 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2682

1927 STOKES, John Hinchman (1885 – 1961); CHAMBERS, Stanley Owen (1897 – )

Bismuth arsphenamine sulphate.

Clinical introduction of bismarsen, synthesized by G. W. Raiziss in 1924.

GMN 2414 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3407

1927 GAY PRIETO, José Antonio (1905 – 1979)

Contribución al estudio de la linfogranulomatosis inguinal subaguda o ulcera venérea adenógena de Nicolás y Favre.

Gay Prieto was the first actually to see the infective agent of lymphogranuloma venereum.

GMN 5219 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7830

1930 HELLERSTRÖM, Sven Curt Alfred (1901 – 1977); WASSÉN, Erik

Meningo-enzephalitische Veränderungen bei Affen nach intra-cerebraler Impfung mit Lymphogranuloma inquinale.

The authors transmitted lymphogranuloma venereum to animals and attributed it to a virus. See also C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris), 1931, 106, 802-03.

GMN 5220 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7831

1931 JEANSELME, Antoine Edouard (1858 – 1935)

Histoire de la syphilis.

Forms tome I of Traité de la syphilis, ed. by E. Jeanselme and E. Shulmann.

GMN 2428 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2885

1931 STICKER, Georg (1860 – 1960); JADASSOHN, Josef (1863 – 1936)

Entwurf einer Geschichte der ansteckenden Geschlechtskrankheiten.

GMN 5227.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7849

1932 EAGLE, Harry (1905 – 1992)

Studies in the serology of syphilis. VII. A new flocculation test for the serum diagnosis of syphilis.

Eagle flocculation test.

GMN 2414.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3409

1933 PUSEY, William Allen (1865 – 1940)

The history and epidemiology of syphilis.

GMN 2429 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3651

1933 STANNUS, Hugh Stannus (1877 – 1957)

A sixth venereal disease. Climatic bubo, lymphogranuloma inguinale, esthioméne, chronic ulcer and elephantiasis of the genito-ano-rectal region, inflammatory stricture of the rectum.

In this exhaustive review of the literature, Stannus considered all the conditions he discussed to be different manifestations of infection by the same organisms – the agent causing lymphogranuloma venereum. Includes …

GMN 5221 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7838

1934 TATUM, Arthur Lawrie (1884 – 1955); COOPER, Garrett Arthur (1904 – )

An experimental study of mapharsen (meta-amino para-hydroxy phenyl arsine oxide) as an antisyphilitic agent.

Introduction of mapharsen.

GMN 2415 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3412

1934 TAMURA, Joseph Takao (1903 – )

Cultivation of the virus of lymphogranuloma inguinale and its use in therapeutic inoculation. Preliminary report.

GMN 5222 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7839

1935 FLECK, Ludwik (1896 – 1961)

Entstehung und Entwicklung einer wissenschaftlichen Tatsache. Einführung in die Lehre vom Denkstil und Denkkollektiv.

A very thorough history of the discovery of the Wasserman reaction, and its acceptance by the scientific community. English translation: Genesis and development of a scientific fact, Chicago, Univ. of Chicago Press, 1…

GMN 2429.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2887

1935 FOERSTER, Otto Hottinger (1876 – 1965); ET AL

Mapharsen in the treatment of syphilis. A preliminary report.

Clinical use of mapharsen. With R. L. McIntosh, L. M. Wieder, H. R. Foerster, and G. A. Cooper.

GMN 2416 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3416

1937 HOLCOMBE, Richmond Cranston (1874 – 1945)

Who gave the world syphilis? The Haitian myth.

GMN 2430 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2888

1937 LEVADITI, Constantin (1874 – 1953); VAISMAN, A

La toxi-infection gonococcique expérimentale et son traitement chimiothérapique.

Levaditi and Vaisman showed that sulfanilamide protected mice against gonococcal infection.

GMN 5213.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7817

1937 DEES, John Essary (1910 – 1993); COLSTON, John Archibald Campbell (1886 – 1971)

The use of sulfanilamide in gonococcic infections. Preliminary report.

GMN 5214.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7818

1940 WHITWELL, James Richard (1863 – 1945)

Syphilis in earlier days.

GMN 2431 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2889

1940 MCKEE, Clara M.

Complement-fixation test in lymphogranuloma venereum.

Diagnosis of lymphogranuloma venereum by complement-fixation test. With G. W. Rake and M. F. Shaffer.

GMN 5224 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7840

1941 PANGBORN, Mary Candace (1907 – 2003)

A new serologically active phospholipid from beef heart.

Cardiolipin antigen for serological diagnosis of syphilis. For isolation and purification see J. biol. Chem., 1942, 143, 247-56.

GMN 2417 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3420

1941 OTTOLINA, Carlos (1903 – 1960)

The vesicular test. Diagnostic method of infection by poradenic (lymphogranuloma inguinale)virus.

Vesicular test for diagnosis of lymphogranuloma venereum.

GMN 5224.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7841

1943 MAHONEY, John Friend (1889 – 1957); ARNOLD, Richard C. (1906 – 1992); HARRIS, Ad

Penicillin treatment of early syphilis. A preliminary report.

Mahoney and colleagues introduced penicillin in treatment of syphilis. This was the report of the first four cases of patients with early stages of the disease. Digital facsimile of the version published in the the Am…

GMN 2418 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3422

1943 HERRELL, Wallace Edgar (1909 – 1992); ET AL

Use of penicillin in sulfonamide resistant gonorrheal infections.

With E. N. Cook and L. Thompson.

GMN 5214.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7820

1944 GOODMAN, Herman (1894 – 1971)

Notable contributors to the knowledge of syphilis.

GMN 2432 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2890

1946 HARRIS, A

A microflocculation test for syphilis using cardiolipin antigen: preliminary report.

V. D. Research Laboratory test (Harris test). With A. A. Rosenberg and L. M. Riedel.

GMN 2418.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/3423

1948 POPPE, John Karl (1911 – 2012)

Cellophane treatment of syphilitic aneurysms with report of results in six cases.

GMN 2993 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5273

1949 NELSON, Robert Armstrong (1921 – ); MAYER, Manfred Martin (1916 – 1984)

Immobilization of Treponema pallidum in vitro by antibody produced in syphilitic infection.

Nelson’s treponemal immobilization test.

GMN 2419 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/2875

1949 BEDSON, Sir Samuel Phillips (1886 – 1969); ET AL

The laboratory diagnosis of lymphogranuloma venereum.

Skin-test antigen. With C. F. Barwell, E. J. King, and L. W. J. Bishop.

GMN 5225 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/7842

1954 SCHÖNFELD, Walther Heinrich Paul (1888 – 1977)

Kurze Geschichte der Dermatologie und Venereologie und ihre kulturgeschichtliche Spiegelung.

GMN 4158.1 · https://historyofmedicine.com/id/5933